Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswayo, izinkomo zingase zikhuphuke futhi zakha (njengeDkt. Saunders) noma ezinwabuzelayo (njengeBuhuana White). Uhlobo lokukhuphuka lungcono kakhulu kumanyolo noma njengesitshalo sekhava. Izindlubu zingahlwanyelwa ngomjikelezo futhi ingabekezelela isomiso. Kuyinto isithombo sofotini ocebile amaphuphu okushiya nitrogen enhlabathini ukuze kuzuze isitshalo okulandelwayo.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi isivuno semifino yomhlaba waminyaka yonke singamahektha angu-12,5 million lapho ukukhiqizwa okusanhlamvu okuphelele (kokudla) kungamathani ayizigidi ezintathu. I-West ne-Central Africa yizindawo ezikhiqizayo zezinkomo emhlabeni jikelele ezikhiqiza amaphesenti angama-64 ezilinganiselwa ku-3 million amathani wezinkomo. I-Nigeria yizwe elikhiqizayo lezinkomo elikhiqizayo emhlabeni, elilandelwa iBrazil. E-Australia nase-Asia cowpeas ngokuyinhloko batshalwe ifolishi kodwa futhi njengesitshalo sekhava noma njengomquba ohlaza okwenyusa umhlabathi nge-micro-nitrogen-fixing microbes.
ENingizimu Afrika i-cowpeas ikhiqizwa eNorth West, eLimpopo, esifundazweni saKwaZulu-Natali naseMpumalanga.
Ukudla Izindlubu
Izindlubu zingaphekwa noma zifakwe amanzi ngemuva kokungena emanzini ubusuku bonke. Iphekwe ngeminye imifino ukwenza isobho elikhulu, noma umhlabathi ube isidlo noma unamathisele. Okusha, ama-pod amancane angabiliswa njengemifino.Amaqabunga namaphuzu okukhula angathathwa futhi asetshenziswe njengendwangu yemifino efana nesipinashi, kodwa futhi angomiswa futhi asetshenziswe njengengxenye yeprotheni.
Ngezinye izikhathi imbewu eluhlaza ifakwe njengamanci, emhlabathini bese isetshenziselwa esikhundleni sekhofi. Umhlabathi omisiwe imbewu ngokuvamile uvutshwe anyanisi nezinongo futhi othosiwe ngamafutha.
Emazweni aseMpumalanga naseMpumalanga amapulazi ama-cowpea ahlwanyelwa njengemifino yokulungiselela isobho noma omisiwe ukuze kusetshenziswe kamuva.
Izindlubu zinamandla kakhulu ensimbi (i-Fe), i-potassium (P), i-vitamin B9, icebile nge-fiber, amaprotheni (kufika ku-24%), aphansi kumafutha futhi aphezulu kuma-amino acids ahlukahlukene.
Izindlubu Zokondla Izilwane
Izindlubu nazo zisetshenziselwa ukudla kwezilwane - njengokukhiqizwa kwehhoyi nokwenza isililage. I-Silage igcinwa izilwane, zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi selala. Isonddlo sezindlubu senziwa ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga ezindlubu exutshwe namaqabunga aluhlaza ommbila noma amabele bese ehambisana nendaba eluhlaza, ewumboza ngepulasitiki bese ekulinganisa ukuze ingenwa umoya. Kanjalo ishiywa ukuvuthwa.Izindlubu zingaveza ukuvunwa okuhle kwezinga eliphakeme eliphezulu elimile. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomswakama, ukukhiqizwa kwemifucumfucu yezinkomo ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 zendaba eyomile / ha, kodwa kutholakala ku-8 t DM / ha okurekhodiwe ezindaweni ezixilisiwe. Inani elihle kakhulu lokudla kwezilwane lingatholakala ezindaweni lapho khona izinkomo zithinteka ngogesi.
Izitshalo ezingenhla ezingenhla, ngaphandle kwama-pods, ziyasetshenziswa njengezilwane zezilwane. Abalimi basendaweni abasika nokugcina ifolishi yezinkomo ngesikhathi somile bangenza imali engaba ngu-25% yemali yabo yonyaka ngokuyithengisa njengefolda.Translated by Nsika Khoza