Ulwaluko Phakathi kwaMadoda nama Bhinqa
Ulwaluko lusenziwa ngama Ndebele, kwaye lwenziwa ngamadoda nabafazi kwisizwe sama Ndebele, oku kuchaza ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuya ebudaleni. Ekugqibeni lamasiko, abo bathe bawenza baye bavumeleke ukwabelana nge sondo baqalise izenzo ezifana nokulungiselela umtshato ngokwenza isithembiso, emveni koko umtshato.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulwaluko kukudibanisa abakhwetha ndawoninye, nokubohlula ngokweminyaka. Abakhwtha baeye bavuyele ukudityaniswa namanye amadoda athe nawo oluka kuphela. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho noku khetheka kolwaluko, abakhwetha baya yalwa okokuba bangavezeli abo bangekoluki basenga makhwenkwe okokuba kwenzeka ntoni esikhwetheni, kwibhoma elaziwa njengo (mphandu) ngesiNdebele.
Ngokuthi boluke, abafazi namadoda bayafakwa kumasiko kunye neemfihlelo zezithethe zeliqela. Olu lwazi luyahanjiswa lusuke kwisizukulwana sabakhwetha ukuya kwesilandelayo, kuqinisekiswa okokuba ulwazi luyagcinwa ngalondlela, kunye nomanyano ngokwe zithethe zeliqela.
Ulwaluko lwa Madoda
Ulwaluko lwa madoda lwaziwa ngokuba yi (wela okanye ingoma) luyenziwa kuma Ndzundza Ndebele, rhoqo kwiminyala emine xa kuqikelelwa kumakhwenkwe eminyaka elishumi nantlanu (15) ukuya kwishumi elinesibhozo (18). Amagama wabo kufuneka abhaliswe kwi Nkosi ephezulu. Xa konke sele kwenziwe kwaye inkosi sele ilubekile usuku, umkhwetha unxiba entloko isithsaba sengca esaziwa ngokuba yi (isonyana), oku kubonakalisa okokuba ngumkhwetha.
Xa sele kulelixesha umkhetha wenza imisebenzi yesintu eyohlukileyo iiveki ezintathu. Phambi kokushiya indlu yenkosi apho abakhwetha bengingqi ekufutshane badibana khona, ngamnye unikwezwa isititirimba (ilaphu, eligama lisuka kwisibhulu igama elithi stertriem), esenziwe ngootatomkhulu babo kwaye senziwe ngesikhumba senyamakazi, sadityaniswa ngerhali, ingubo, kuba ulwaluko lwenzeka ebusika kubanda kakhulu.
Ebukhosini, abakhwetha benza imisebenzi yesintu, ngokubonakalisa ukushiya ubukhwenkwe besingisa ebudodeni. Xa kusenziwa oku bayathathwa basiwe ebuhlanti kwankosi. Ngentseni yenjixukuxa, bayavuswa bathathwe basiwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo kufuphi nomlambo. Bayasasazwa enxwemeni lomlambo, boluswe emveni koko.
Ukususela apho kufuneka banqumle umlambo (ukuwela) mahambe amehlo ejonge ezantsi bekhatshwa bayokungena emabhomeni, ngokwelali abasuka kuzo. Abakhwetha bahlalae mabhomeni aphakathi enzonzobileni yehlathi, isithuba senyanga ezimbini, beyalwa ngamasiko nemithetho yeqela labo kunye noxanduva abanalo, imisebenzi kunye namalungelo njenga madoda.
Emveni kwelithuba lokubasehlathini, kwenziwa imibhiyozo kumakhaya abakhwetha bafumane nezipho kumalungu osapho, ukubhiyozela okokuba benga madoda. Xa abakhwetha beshiya umphandu, okanye ibhoma, liyelitshiswe neengubo kunye neempahla ababezinxibile ngexesha lolwaluko, kubonakalisa ke oku okokuba baligqibile uhambo lwabo ze basivala esosiqendu ebomini babo.
Emveni koku babuyela matshona kwelanga ebukhosini, bebhijelwe ngokuqinileyo iingubo ezintsha, amehlo ejonge phantsi ngendlela ebonakalisa ukuzithoba nobuntu, ngokufanayo nangexesha abebesingise ebhomeni. Ngaphantsi kwezingubo abafana abanxibanga ngaphandle kwe sititirimba, esibonakalisa ubudoda. Ngobo busuku balala kwindawo evalekileyo ze kusasa ngentseni elandelayo bonke bahambe phakathi koluntu (ukupalala) bakugqiba banikezwe amagama wabo amatsha yinkosi.
Emveni koku, amalungu eqela abuyela kuma khaya abo kuphinde ke kuqhutyekwe ngemibhiyozo. Okulandelayo ke ubomi bomfana kuyaqala, kulandele isithembiso somtshato kwintombi ayithandileyo, zeke kwenziwe amalungiselelo omtshato, ngelixesha bavumelekile okokuba bangaziba ngokuya ecantsini.
Ulwaluko lwama Bhinqa
Ulwaluko lwama bhinqa (iqhude okanye ukuthombisa) akunantlungu zifana nolwaluko lwamadoda, kuba akukho zindawo zinqunyulwayo ebuntombini. Uwaluko luqala xa intombi ifikelela kwinqanaba lobuntombazana, kuqala ekuseni phambi kokuphuma kwelanga, xa iintombi zikhulule zize, ngembonakaliso yokubuyela kwindalo, kuchetywe zonke iinwele emzimbeni wabo.
Umkhwetha ngamnye ubane nqalathi- iintombi ezindala kunye nabafazi abolusiweyo. Xa iintombi sele zilungisiwe, imini ichithwa kuculwa kudaniswa kwisandi samagubu abethwayo, leyo ke inikeza isandi esithile. Emveni kwemini, iintombi zidibana ngase mlilweni, zimbethe ingubo eziyinikeziweyo ngenjosaluka, logama amaqalatha ehamba ze enganxibanga.
Bacula iingoma phambi kokuba baphambane bethuka amadoda, ngobudoda babo kunye namalungu omzimba angasese amadoda, kunye nabafazi abangoluswanga. Ezi senzo ke senziwa ubusuku bonke. Kusasa ngentseni, abakhwetha kunye namanqalatha ahamba aye emlanjeni, apho abakhwetha bavaswa khona, emveni koko babuyele emakhayeni abo.
Kusuku olulandelayo imibhiyizo iyaqhubeka kwaye abakhwetha bayavaswa kwakhona. Intombi iyahamba ke ihlale yodwa kwindlu eyenzelwe oku kodwa kwikhaya lakhe. Kumaxesha akudala ixesha lokuhlala yedwa yayi ziinyanga ezintathu, kodwa namhlanje ngenxa yemfundo nempangelo, ihliswe yayinyanga enye. Ngelixesha, umkhwetha ufumana imiyalela nemigaqo. Uyahanjelwa nangoo makhulu kulondlu yakhe, makhulu ke uyamyalela kwimithetho namasiko, kunye nemisebenzi noxanduva analo. Eyona njongo yolwaluko kodwa ke, kukuyalela umkhwetha kwimisebenzi yakhe nezinto ezenza ikhaya lifudumale.
Ngexesha labucala, akuvumelekanga ukuthetha okanye ukubona amadoda, yiyo lonto esenza imisebenzi yekhaya athe wayifundiswa ebusuku okanye ngeeyure zakusasa kakhulu. Xa kuphela ixesha lokubekwa bucala, umkhwetha usiwa emlanjeni ukuze avaswe okokugqibela. Iimpahla zakhe zokwaluka ne ngubo ziyatshiswa, oku kubonakalisa ‘ukufa’ kobuntombi.
Unikezwa isiphephethu ifaskothi eyomeleleyo enentsimbi, njenge mbonakalo yokusuka ebuntombini ukuya ebufazini. Njengoko kusenziwa kulwaluko lwamadoda, utshintsho lokusuka ebukhwetheni lubhiyozelwa ngokutya ngoku landelelanayo kumakhaya weentombi ezolukileyo. Lixesha lovuyo, xa ke iintombi ezisandula ukoluka zikwazi ukuzincumisa zikwazi ukuba nomtsalane kulowo unokuthi abengumyeni.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie
Imbali yama Ndebele iquka umphakathi wenkulungwane (19th century) apho ukuqhekeka kuka Kekana kwisizwe sama Ndebele kwathikwehlula isizwe...