Ukulotywa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nongcoliseko lwamalwandle kuzigqibe ngeyona ndlela yothusayo iintlanzi eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kuza kukhokelela ekubeni kwiminyaka ezayo sithenge iintlanzi ezifuyelwe intengiso (aquaculture). Ngokubhalwe yi Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), i-aquaculture eMzantsi Afrika yahlulwe kubini: Ukufuywa kweentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokufuywa kweentlanzi zamanzi olwandle.
Ushishino lwe aquaculture kweli lizwe kuhlelwe ngendlela ngokusebenzisa imibutgo emele abaveliso kunye neqela le AquacultureSA.
Imizi Mveliso ye Aquaculture eMzantsi Afrika
Ukuqala Kwe Aquaculture eMzantsi Afrika
Ushishino lweentlanzi zohlobo lwe trout, lubangele ukuphuhla kweefama zentlanzi eMzantsi Afrika. Nangona itrout yafika eMzantsi Afrika yalotyelwa imidlalo yokuloba kwiminyaka yoo 1890, imveliso yentengisp iqale kuphea ngeminyaka yoo 1960. uJohn L. Scott wokha isakhiwo sokuqala esikhulisela iintlanzi e Jonkershoek Valley ngaphandle kwase Stellenbosch ngomnyaka ka 1894. Esi sakhiwo samatye sisamile nanamhla oku njenge monument yesizwe.Ukusukela ngoko imveliso ye trout oko yayizinzile, yanyuka ngenani elibalelwa kwi
1 000 ukuya kwi 1 500 lwe toni ngonyaka. I-aquaculture yase Mzantsi Afrika ikhule ngokukhawuleza ukusukela kumnyaka ka 2012. Ngomnyaka ka 2012 kwashicilelwa imveliso epheleleyo yee toni ezintathu ezingama 927, ezingama 4 802 ngoka 2013 ze ngoka 2014 kwashicilelwa imveliso engama 5 210 eetoni. Imveliso epheleleyo ngomnyaka ka 2015 yayizi toni ezingama 5418 tons, esi sibalo sithetha ukuba imveliso yonyuka nge 4% ukusukela ngo 2014.
Iinkcukacha ezisuka kwi DAFF zemveliso ethengiswa kumazwe angaphandle,zibonakalise ukuba unintsi lo shishino lwase Mzantsi Afrika lolwe ndidi zemveliso zase lwandle. Ubukhulu becala le mveliso yeyehlobo lwe abalone (Haliotis midae) nesuka kwiPhondo le Ntshona Koloni; nesibali esingaphaya kwama 80% emveliso ye aquaculture yase Mzantsi Afrika. I-abalone kunye ne dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicas) nesuka kwelase Mpuma Koloni ibalelwa kwi 12.75% yenani lemveliso zase Mzantsi Afrika ze aquaculture ezithengiswa kwamanye amazwe.
Iifama zeAquaculture Kunye neeNdidi Zazo
Iindidi zeentlanzi eziveliswayo eMzantsi Afrika ziquka irainbow trout, brown trout, crocodiles, ornamental fish, African sharptooth catfish, Mozambique kunye ne Nile tilapia, marron crayfish kunye ne common carp. Kwezi ndidi, irainbow trout, African catfish kunye ne Mozambique tilapia zezona ziveliswa ukodlula zonke ezinye. Kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukileyo zokufuya iintlanzi, ukusukela kwii kheyiji zeminatha ezikumadama amakhulu ukuya kwii dominant to high-density indoor recirculation systems.
Kudingeka Ntoni Ukuze Uqalise Ukuba Ngumfama Wee Ntlanzi?
Abafuyi beentlanzi, ingakumbi abo basakhasayo, nabo bavamise ukuba yinto yonke kwishishini lwabo. Ukusukela kumqhubi othutha iintlanzi aye kulanda nokutya, ukuya kwi pump technician, ingcali ejongene nempilo yentlanzi kunye nomphathi zimali.
Isakhono sokwakha iqela labantu abaneziphiwo ezohlukeneyo nezihambelanayo sesinye sezona zinto zinemivuzo emikhulu ekukhuliseni ishishini le aquaculture. Umntu ngamnye angakwazi ukujongana nomsebenzi anobuchule kuwo.
Yintoni i-Aquaponics?
Ingakanani Imakethi Yee Ntlanzi?
Inani labantu abanomdla wokuthenga iimveliso ze aquaculture liya likhula kwihlabathi jikelele njengokuba abantu besiya besanda. Abantu baya bengenwa yimpucuko yedolophu yaye baya beyikhathalela nempilo yabo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ukutyiwa kwentlanzi kuya kusanda kulo lonke ihlabathi.Ilizwe loMzantsi Afrika ayisosizwe sitye intlanzi umthetho waso, kodwa abathengi ngoku sele benolwazi ngeendidi ezininizi esele zikhona ze aquaculture, nezifumaneka ezivenkileni.
Intlanzi yohlobo lweTilapia iya ithandwa kwakunye neesoseji kunye neebhga ze ntlanzi yohlobo lwe catfish. Imveliso ye aquaculture eyenziwe ngendlela ingenza ukuba iintlanzi kunye nezinye izidlo zaselwandle zifikeleleke kuluntu kwaye kungaphunguka noxinzelelo kwiintlanzi ezikhula ngendalo elwandle.
I-aquaculture ingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekupheliseni indlala nokunqongophala kokutya. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungabakho ukutya okusempilweni okwaneleyo okungajongelwanga phantsi. Kwanokuveliswe ngendlela engafaki xinzelelo kwindalo.
Indlela Yokukhuphuhlisa Ufuyo Lwee Ntlanzi eMzantsi Afrika
Ukukhula koshishino lwe aquaculture eMzantsi Afrika kunamathuba amahle okuba negalelo elikhulu kwezoqoqosho, ekucutheni indlala, ukuphuhlisa uluntu, ingqesho kunye nokusetyenziswa ngendlelwa kwendalo yolwandle neyomhlaba ukuze ivuze uluntu.Ukuze ushishino lwase Mzantsi Afrika lwe aquaculture lukhule, ludinga imeko evumelana nalo. Oku kuthetha nge mithetho, imigaqo, izivumelwano zentengiso kunye nezixhobo zokuthutha iimveliso zeentlanzi zisuke kumafama ukuya emarikeni. Imithetho engcono, ukuxhaswa ngezezimali kwee projekthi, uqeqesho, kunye neenkonzo ze extension kunganceda amafama e-aquaculture ukuba anyuse isivuno aze akhulise neemakethi zentengo ye aquaculture eveliselwe kumanzi acocekileyo eMzantsi Afrika.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana