Zwa u Fuwa Khovhe kha madi ane a vha Matete Afrika Tshipembe

© Henk Stander

Zwa u dzulele u fasha khovhe na u tshinyadziwa ha lwanzhe zwo kwama vhukuma khovhe dza mupo. Zwine zwa amba uri vhunzhi ha khovhe dzashu dzi do kwamea zwihulwane Afrika Tshipembe. Mvelelo dza hezwi dzi do ita uri vhunzhi ha khovhe dzi vhe dzi tshi khou tou fuwiwa kha zwa u rengisa. Uya nga vha Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), aquaculture Afrika Tshipembe kana zwa u fuwa khovhe) zwi ya khethekanyiwa kha u fuwa khovhe na dzine dza wanala madini.
Zwa tsini zwa aquaculture zwi vha zwo dzudzaniwa nga vha u bveledza vha AquacultureSA commodity group.

Kushumisele kwa Aquaculture Systems Afrika Tshipembe

©Henk Stander
Mabulasi ane aswika 189 o nwaliwa fhasi nga vha DAFF nga 2015 kha dzothe dza madini na dza madini avhudi. Vhunzhi ha dza madini avhudi hu ya itwa zwa u shandukiswa dza dzula kha zwitingwilili zwa mupo kana hune dza vha dzi tshi khou tshimbila hu tshi khou itela tshifhinga tshine dza do vha dzo no lugela u liwa. Kha vhupo ha madini (tsumbo osysters na mussels) dzi ya vhewa kha mitala milapfu. Dzi abalone dzi kaniwa kha mathenge.

U Thoma ha Aquaculture Afrika Tshipembe

Hezwi zwithu ndi zwone zwo dalaho ri tshi da kha u bveledzwa ha khovhe Afrika Tshipembe. Naho huna uri zwi tshi diswa Afrika Tshipembe ho vha hu tshi khou tou fashiwa lwa zwa mitambo nga 1890, zwa u bveledza lwa u rengisa zwo thoma nga 1960. John L Scott ndi ene we ado fhata madzulo a u thoma a tshothe a khovhe kha kusi kwa Jonkershoek nnda ha Stellenbosch nga 1894. Tombo lo fhataho li kha di vha lo ima na namusi na hone tshono vha tshiga tsha tshitshavha.
U bveledzwa ha strout ho dzika, nahone hu khou hula ubva kha 1 000 uya kha 1 500 ton nga khalanwaha.
Zwa u fuwa khovhe Afrika Tshipembe zwo hula ubva nga 2012. Hono vha na u bveledza ho fhelelaho ho no swika 3 927 zwo nwaliwaho ubva nga 2012, 4 802 tons nga 2013 na dzine dza swika 5 210 tons nga 2014. U bveledza ho fhelelaho nga 2015 ho vha 5418 ton, hune ha vha na u hula nga 4% ubva nga 2014.
Dzi data dza nga nda dza u bva kha vha DAFF dzi sumbedza uri Afrika Tshipembe kha zwa u fuwa khovhe zwi khou hula. Kanzhi hu vha ho dala dzi abalone (Haliotis midae) dzi tshi khou bva Western cape, hune havha na dzine dza swika 80% ya khovhe dzine dza bveledzwa. Dzi Abalone na Dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicas) ubva Eastern Cape dzo ita 12.75% ya dzine dza bva Afrika Tshipembe.

Zwa u Fuwa zwa Aquaculture na dzi Tshaka dza Hone

©Marinda Louw
Zwa u fuwa kha madi avhudi zwi ya swika hune zwa fhungudzea zwi tshi khou bva kha usa vha hone ha madi: othe avhudi na ane asa vhe a vhudi. Fhethu hune ha vha ha ndeme kha u fuwa khovhe Afrika Tshipembe ndi Western Cape, Limpopo na KwaZulu Natal.
Dzi tshaka dza madini avhudi dzine dza fuwiwa ho vha ho katelwa na rainbow trout, brown trout, crocodiles, ornamental fish, African sharptooth catfish, Mozambique na Nile tilapia, marron crayfish na common carp. Kha hedzi, rainbow trout, African catfish na Mozambique tilapia ndi dzone tshaka dzine dza vha uri dzo dala. Dzinwe ndila dza u dzi fuwa, ubva kha dzi nethe kha madamu mahulwane uya kha hune dza vha dzo fuwelwa nga ngomu hune dza vha dzo dalesa, dzi ya shumiswa.

Ndi Zwifhio Zwine zwa Todea Arali u Tshi Khou Toda Uvha Muthu wa u fuwa Khovhe Muswa?

©Henk Stander
Aquaculture iya vhuisa na kha u fuwa lwa u zwitakalela zwi ya itwa, zwi nga vha hu si vhutali arali wa sa ita dzi thoduluso, uri u kone u vhona uri una tshomedzo dzothe dzine dza nga u thusa kha u fuwa, ndivho na u kona uri hu kone uvha na mbuyelo. Wa tea u dovha hafhu u divha uri zwa u fuwa ndi mushumo, une wa vha u tshi khou shuma na zwithu zwine zwa tshila. Hezwi zwi toda uri u fanela u vha na maanda a u dzi langa 24/7. Unao maanda a u kona u shuma dzi awara idzo na kana uvha na vhathu vhane vha u thusa kha u lavhelesa. Zwa u fuwa khovhe nga maanda fhethu hune ha vha hutuku, nazwo zwi vhonala zwi hunwe na hunwe, zwa dovha zwa vha tshithu tshihulwane kha vhubindudzi, ubva kha mureili ane a khou reila khovhe uya kha muthu ane akhou dzi hwalaho na ane a khou dzi fha zwiliwa, uya kha dzi technician, na ane alavhelesa mutakalo wadzo na vha u sedza zwa masheleni.
Maanda a u kona uvha na tshigwada tsha u kona u divha mushumo, vha vhe na vhukoni ho fhelelaho. Zwi thusa uri muthu munwe na munwe u do sedzana na zwine a kona zwone.

Ndi mini Aquaponics?

©Marinda Louw
Aquaponics sa zwa technology ndi kushumele kune kwa vha nga ngomu ho tangana zwithu zwa madini na hydroponics. Kha hydroponics, zwimela zwi hula kha u fhiwa pfushi ya madi avhudi. Muhumbulo une wa vha nga murahu ha aquaponics ndi tshimela tshine tsha dzhia malatwa a khovhe ubva kha zwithu zwa u fuwela khovhe zwa kona u isa pfushi kha tshimela. Mushumo hoyu unga hula ubva kha zwithu zwine zwa vha zwituku uya kha vhafuwi vhatuku, dzi thendela dza tshi tshavha na vhane vha fuwela mbuyelo.

U Rengisa Khovhe Dzine dza vha dzi Tshi Khou bva kha Madi Avhudi?

Zwa u rengisa khovhe dza madini avhudi zwi khou di hula hezwi vhathu vha tshi khou dala. Vhathu vha khou thoma u dzhiela mutakalo wavho phanda, zwine zwa khou amba uri u fuiwa ha khovhe zwi khou dala u mona na lifhasi. Uya nga ha sialala Afrika Tshipembe asi fhethu hune ha tou liwa khovhe nga u tou ralo, fhedzi vharengi vha hone vho no thoma u zwilimuwa uri dzi khou thoma u dala na hone dzi hone na kha mavhengele. Tilapia ndi yone ine ya divhea vhukuma na catfish sausage na burger.
U dala ha u bveledzwa ha khovhe zwiita uri zwiliwa zwa madini na zwa lwanzheni zwi kone u rengiwa nga vhathu na u kona u wanala nga mupo.
Zwa Aquaculture zwi ya vha na mushumo muhulwane kha u tsireledza zwiliwa na udala hazwo, hezwi zwiamba uri ndi uvha na zwiliwa zwine zwa vha na mutakalo zwine zwa tenda mvelo na u bveledzwa nga ndila yone.

U dzi Alusa Hani Khovhe dza Vhudi Afrika Tshipembe?

Zwa u hula zwa zwa Afrika Tshipembe zwa u fuwa zwi ya thusa vhukuma kha u hula ha ikonimi, na u fhungudza vhushai, na u kona u diimisa na u kona u ima ha tshitshavha tshine ra bva kha tsho.
Uri u kone u fuwa khovhe Afrika Tshipembe zwi toda vhupo hune havha uri ho lugela. Hezwi zwi vha zwi tshi khou amba zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwi mulayoni, dzi policy thendelano ya u rengisa na zwishumiswa zwa u pfulusa khovhe na zwishumiswa zwo ubva kha vhorabualsi uya makete. Zwiimiswa zwine zwa vha mulayoni, zwi ya thusiwa nga masheleni, uya u pfumbudziwa mushumo wavho zwi ya kona u thusa vhathu vhane vha khou toda u thoma zwa ufuwa khovhe nga ndila yone yo teaho na u thoma u vha na tshaka dzine dza vha uri dzo tea. Zwa u fuwa zwi ya ita uri dzi dale na uri hu vhe a u dala kha u renga dzine dza vha uri ndi thethe.

Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe