Ukufuywa kwe alpaca eMzantsi Afrika kuselushishino olusakhasayo. Kwaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo 2000, ngethuba izilwanyana ezingama 60 zaziswa kweli lizwe zisuka kwilizwe lase Chile. Zeza no Gqrh Gavin Lindhorst, umfuyi we alpaca onefama Inca Vale Alpacas kufuphi nedolophu yase Wellington kwiphondo le Ntshona Koloni.
Ii-alpacas zigcinwa njengezilwanyana zase khaya, nezilungele ukugada iigusha, ukuzala zandise imfuyo. Kodwa inkoliso yazo zifuyelwa uboya bazo obukumgangatho ophezulu, nosetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla ezithungiweyo okanye ezinithiweyo.
Ii-alpaca zinamanqina amade, isisu esicolisisayo ukutya ezikutyayo kwaye zibonisa okukhulu ukomelela kwizifo zangaphandle nangaphakathi emzimbeni. Ezi mpawu, zidibene noboya bazo obufudumeleyo bokwenza iimpahlo ezikwizinga eliphezulu, zinika i-alpaca efuyiweyo elikhulu lona ithuba lemveliso yoboya bentengiso.
Yintoni I-Alpaca?
Ii-alpacas (Vicugna pacos) zizilwanyana ezimanqina mane nezinezisu ezingaphaya kwesibini. Ezi zilwanyana zihlobene nosapho lwenkamela lwase Mzantsi Melika. Imvelaphi yezi zilwanyaa ikwiNtaba ze Andes emazantsi elizwe lase Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador nakumantla e Chile. Inkoliso ye alpaca ezizigidi ezi 3-5 ezise Mzantsi Melika zifumaneka e Peru, kwiingingqi ezingama 3 000 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ii-alpaca zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezibufana ne vicuñas, nezizilwanyana ezinezisu ezine zase Mzantsi Melika. Ezi zilwanyana nazo zazihlala phezulu e Andes. Amanye amalungu olusapho lweenkamela aquka ii-llama kunye nenkamela enezifombo ezibini ebizwa nge Bactrian, nefumaneka kwilizwekazi lase Asia.
Nangona zisenokutyiwa inyama ngabantu bamazwe ezivela kuwo, ii-alpaca zifuyelwa kakhulu uboya bazo. Kodwa ke, abazala bazo, illama ezomeleleyo zifuyelwa ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo. Le alpaca inemilenze emide ikhula ibemalunga nama 94 - 104 cm (emagxeni), kwaye zinganobunzima obuphakathi kwama 55 kunye nama 85 kg. Ziphila zifikelele kuma 20 eminyaka, kwaye iimazi zazo zimitha isithuba seenyanga ezili 11.5.
Ii-alpaca zithe qwa, zihlakaniphile, zizolile kwaye ziyaqikeleka. Zikwadinga nokuhlala nezinye ii-alpaca. Ezi zilwanyana zizolileyo zikrelekrele kulula ukuziphatha kwaye zikhawuleze zibengabahlobo bezinja nabantwana.
Ii-alpaca zisebenzisa izandi (umz. ukundumzela okusezantsi) kwaye ziqethukisa intloko zigungquse neendlebe ukuthetha. Zinamehlo neendlebe ezibukhali. Zisenokwenza isandi esisi sankxwe xa zisifa okanye zibona ubungozi. Xa zisoyika zihamba ngomhlambi, kwaye zisenokuthufa xa zisoyika okanye zinomsindo.
Logama ii vicuñas zasendle zikhula kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye ezisezantsi; zingakhula nakwiindawo ezimanzi okanye ezomileyo. Ii-alpaca ezigcinwa emakhaya okanye efama nazo zikwamelana nayo yonke imo, kwaye zomelele. Inkoliso yazo ifumaneka kwiifama nakwiimeko apho zikwazi khona ukuzula zula, kwaye zikhule ngokwendalo-oku kubizwa nge free range farming.
Imveliso ye Alpaca Ehlabathini Jikelele
Ilizwe lase Peru, nalapho ifumaneka khona inkoliso ye alpaca, linezona alpaca zikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neendawo zokukwenza uboya. Eli lizwe lelona lakhe lalikhulu ekuveliseni uboya be alpaca kunye neempahla ezenziwe ngobuboya. Lithengisa malunga nama 80% emveliso ze alpaca kwihlabathi jikelele.
Imihlambi ye alpaca yakumazwe eCanada, America, New Zealand kunye ne Australia iya ngokukhula. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nomnyaka ka 2020, ilizwe lase Melika lizakube selinenkxaso efikelela kuma 25% kwisibalo semveliso ye alpaca ehlabathini.
Ilizwe lase China lelona lihamba phambili ehlabathini ekuthengeni uboya be alpaca.
Ilizwe le Australia liphambiki kakhulu mayelana ne genetics ze alpaca kunye nokuphuculwa kwemfuyo ye alpaca. Kwaye lelona lithengisela kakhulu imfuyo kwilizwe loMzantsi Afrika.
Imisebenzi ye Alpacas
Nangona ii-alpacas yayizizilwanyana zekhaya nezazisebenza njengabahlobo, imithombo yokutya kunye noboya kwiintlanga zamandulo ezazihlala kwii Ntaba ze Andes; eMzantsi Afrika inkoliso yee alpaca zifuyelwa uboya bazo. Obu boya buthambileyo busetyenziswa ukuthunga iimpahla. Ukusukela kwiimpahla zamasana ukuya kwii suti ezikhethekileyo zexabiso.
Abantu bohlanga lwe Quechua base Mzantsi Melika basayitya inyama ye alpaca. Esi silwanyana asisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa inyama okanye ubisi lwentengiso. I-alpaca inamabele amancinci-alingana nomphambili we pensile. Kunzima kakhulu ukuyisenga ngesandla.
Iinkunzi ze alpaca ziincutshe ekugadeni imfuyo. Zisetyenziswa ukugada imihlambi yegusha eMzantsi Afrika. Ziye zithufe, zenze ingxolo, zilume kwaye zikhabe nantoni na elutshaba enokuthi izame ukuhlasela ‘umhlambi wazo’.
Ii-alpaca zikwathengiswa njengezilwanyana zokwandisa imfuyo nokuphucula iigenes zezinye ii-alpaca. Zisenokuba zizilwanyana zekhaya ezibangabahlobo babantu.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana