Ntanga wa Richtersveld National Park

Wuhlawulekile Naswona awu Rivaleki

©Jacques Marais

Ndzhawu ya Richtersveld yi hlawulekile naswona ayirivaleki. Kusaseka ka ndzhawu leyi swinga endleka kunga tsakisi kufana na tindzhawu leti hingati tolovela kufana na va Western Cape kumbe Garden Route, kambe kusaseka loku ko hlamarisa kutsariwile eka miehleketo ya muyeni un’wana na un’wana loyi anga tshama ayi vhakela.
Hikhensa swinene, ndzhawu leyi yo xonga na ecosystem sweswi yihlayisiwa eka ti ndzhawu ta nhlayiso totala.
Kuringeta rosungula ku sirhelela ximfumo mananga lawa ya ntshava xikan’we na swimilani leswi swoka swinga tolovelekangi swisungule hi lembe ra 1975, loko va khale ka National Parks Board vapfumerile kulavisisa kusunguriwa ka ntanga wa tiko hinkwaro eka xiphemu xa nwalungu xa Richtersveld.
Hambiswiritano, leyi akuri misava ya vanhu leyi ayingata xaviwa, kumbe kuhundziseriwa hambi kunyikiwa van’wana. Switeke kwalomu ka kuringana 20 wa malembe yaku burisana na council kufikelela ntwanano.

Swivavisa Ngopfu eka Wun’wana

©David Fleminger

Hi lembe ra 1989, ntwanano se awu tsariwile. Kutani, loko ntanga wahalava ku tivisiwa, ntlawa wa vaaki ‘Community Committee’ vanghenise xivilelo eka ntirho lowu hinkwawo. Kuya hi vona, council ‘ayinga yimeli kahle vaaki nakuva tshikelela’ naswona vaaki avanga nyikiwangi nkarhi waku hoxa rito ra vona.
Entiyisweni, swipimelo swa ntwanano wosungula aswi dlayisa kumbe kutikisela vanhu va ndzhawu liya. Ku tlachiwa ko ringana 99 wa malembe loku aku hlamusela kahle leswaku swifuwo hinkwaswo leswi aswirikona aswifanele kususiwa entangeni, akungari na switirhisiwa (swimilani na mati) leswi aswita tirhisiwa naswona akungari na mintirho leyi ayita nyikiwa vaaki.
Hi marito yan’wani, kusunguriwa ka ntanga lowu aswita siya vaaki ehandle swinene eka misava leyi vanga hanya eka yona kutlula 2000 wa malembe. Aswivonaka onge va Parks Board ava lava ku ponisa misava eka vaaki kungari ku ponisela vaaki misava.

Xiphemu xa Nkoka xa Eco-system

©David Fleminger

Ntirho waku sayina wutlhelerisiwe endzhaku kutani kuva na tinhlengeletano letingava kona na swirho hinkwaswo leswi khumbekaka. Eka mburisano lowu, Parks Board vavuya vakota ku vona leswaku vaaki avari na nkoka swinene eka ntirho hinkwawo wa nhlayiso, loko swita eka vulawuri bya mbango, vun’winyi nakuva vafika tani hi vuyeni.
Kuyisa emahlweni, eka mhaka ya Richtersveld, vaaki vandzhawu leyi avari xiphemu xankoka xa eco-system naswona vutomi bya ndzhavuko abyiri e khombyeni hikuva swikala naku vevuka.
Ntwanano wutnshwe wu vuye wutsariwa kusuka ehansi lowu awuri na swipimelo swakahle swinene. Malembe ya ntwanano lowu ya vuye ya hungutiwa kuya eka 30 wa malembe, lowu awu pfumelela va aki kuva va byisa swifuwo swavona (kupimeriwe kwalomu ka 6600 wa swifuwo leswintsongo), kufikelela switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko entangeni swivuye swipfumeleriwa, naswona kuvile na nhlayo yokarhi ya mintirho leyinga vekeriwa vaaki vandzhawu liya.
Hi ntwanano lowu awuri kona, kuvile na komiti ya nhlanganelo ya vulawuri leyinga simekiwa kufambisa ntanga lowu naswona ntwanano wu fikeleriwile hi July 1991. Lowu akuri ntanga wosungula wa ntwanano laha tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga (eka misava ya vanhu, wulawuriwa hi nhlanganelo wa Parks Board na vaaki). Endzhaku ka sweswo, maendlelo lawa ya tirhisiwile ku pfuneta ku ololoxa swiphiqo swa swikoxo swa misava emintangeni, kufana na le ka ndzhawu yaka Makuleke entangeni wa Kruger National Park.

Ntumbuluko Lowunga Tsoniwangiki Ntshuxeko

Hambiswiritano, ntanga lowuntshwa lowu tumbuluxiweke wa 162 000 hectare Richtersveld National Park (RNP) awuri na maribye lawa ya fayekeleke hakunene. Mapatu ayangari kona, naswona tindzhawu ta matende atinga nyanyuli naswona aku tele nhova swinene.
Eka munhu loyi a rhandzaka ku thumba swiloloyi a lava kuya e nhoveni leyi akuri ndzhawu ya kahle eka yuena. Khombo rakona, eka ndzhawu leyinga hambana kule na miksava ya ximanguva lawa, kuvile naswivilelo swo huma eka vaaki.
Leswi swive ngopfu e henhla ka ntsariso lowu awu pimiwile wa varisi (akuri mindyangu ya 28 ntsena leyi ayi pfumeleriwile entangeni loko wusungula) xikan’we na kuhlawuriwa ka vatirhi.
Namuntlha, hambiswiritano, swilo se switshamisekile. Vaaki va vuye va amukela ntanga lowu awuri kwala kusuhi na vona. Tindzhawu ta matende sweswi tina swihambukelo leswi tsakisaka. Mapatu ya antswisiwile (hambi leswi ku hlohleteriwaka kutirhisiwa ka ti 4x4).
Kutlhela kuva na ti chalets to hlaya na tiyindlu ta byasi takumeka. Leswi swingava leswi kwatisaka vanhu va khale hikuva vatolovele swiharhi leswitifambelaka swoxe entangeni, kambe vuyeni byotala byinga tsakisiwa hileswi ntanga lowu na switirhisiwa leswinga kona swinga xiswona, laha kunga katsiwa ntumbuluko na vutumbuluxi bya ximanguva lawa.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni