Ukutlanywa kwe-Richtersveld National Park

Ihlukile Begodu Ayikhohlweki

©Jacques Marais

Indlela indawo yeRicheterveld yakheke ngayo ihlukile begodu ayikhohlweki. Ubuhle bayo nanyana ingakanothi ngeze bafaniswa ne-western Cape nanyana be-Garden Route, kodwana woke umuntu okhe wakweriyela khona ngeze ayilibala. Ngetjhudu iintjalo zayo ezihle sele zibulungwe eendaweni ezinengi lapha kutlhogonyelwa khona iimvelo.

Ukobana balinge ukuvikela indaba le eyirhalawumbe nentjalo zayo ezingakajwayeleki kwathoma ngonyaka ka-1975, lokha be-National Park Board bavumelana bona barhubhulule indawo yephaga le epumalanga yeRichtersveld. Nanyana kunjalo, le bekuyindawo ehlanganyelweko bekungarhonakali bona ithengwe, nanyana idluliselwe kwabanye. Kwathatha pheze iminyaka eyi-20 kobana iinkulumiswano nekhansela lendawo kuvunyelwane ngazo.

Yona Kwamanikelela

©David Fleminger

Ngonyaka ka-1989 ikontraga yasayinwa. Kwathi  ngaphambi kokobana iphaga le ithome ukusebenza, isiqhema sekomidi yomphakathi yakujamisa koke lokho. Ngokuya ngabo, ikhansela labo akhange labajamela kuhle begodu gade lingulizwi aliphikiswa begodu umphakathi akhange unikelwe uthuba lokobana ubeke amazizo wawo.

Iqiniso kukobana ikontraga yokuthoma gade abona khulu abahlali bendawo leyo. Le yonyaka ka-1999 beyithi yoke ifuyo kufanele isuswe ephageni, kungabi nensetjenziswa ezizokusetjenziswa (iintjalo nanyana amanzi) begodu bekunganasiqiniseko sokobana azokuqatjhwa amalunga womphakathi. Ngamanye amezwi, ukwakhiwa kwephaga le gade kungabafaki abahlali bendawo le nanyana gade kungabaletheli inzuzo abahlali balapha nanyana gade sele bahlezi enarheni le iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-2000. Bekubonakala inga i-Parks Board beyifuna ukuvikela inarha le ebahlalini bayo kunokobana bayivikelele bona.

Incenye Eqakathekileko ye-Ecosystem

©David Fleminger

Umnyanya wokusayina wajanyiswa kwenziwa imihlangano eminengi nabo boke abantu abaphathelene nendawo le. Lokha nakubanjwe imihlangano le, i-Parks Board yabona bona abahlali bendawo baqakathekile lokha nakuqalwe ukuvikela ibhoduluko, naziza ekutlhogonyelweni kwebhoduluko, ekuphetheni inarha le nanyana lokha bayikweriyele. Ukudlula lapho abahlali bendabuko gade badlala indima eqakathekileko ebhodulukweni kanye nokobana indlela yabo abaphila ngayo yesintu isengozini njengentjalo ezingakajwayelekezi.

Kwenziwa ikontraga etja ekhabe sele inemibandlela abavumelana ngayo. Isivumelwano sokuqatjhwa kwephaga le sancitjhiswa ngeminyaka eyi-30, amalungelo wokobana ifuyo yabantu bendawo idle enziwa (kwaphela nange kuzokudla ifuyo eyi-6600), babavumela bona basebenzise iinsetjenziswa zemvelo ezisephageni, kwaphela nabazokufaka ifuyo engadluli ku-6600, gade babavumela kobana bangasebenzisa iinsetjenizwa zemvelo zerizothi leyo abantu bendawo leyo.

Ngemva kwesivumelwaneso, kwenziwa ikomidi ezokulawula iphaga, ikontraga yetlikitlwa ngoVelabahlinze ka-1991. Le kwaba yiphaga yokuthoma yekontraga eSewula Africa (indawo ephethwe babantu abazijameleko, kanye nabantu be-Parks Bard nomphakathi). Lada indlela le yasetjenziselwa ukurhelebha ukurarulula imiraro yokubuyiselwa kwenarha ebanikazini bayo, enjengeye Makuleke concesion area ese-Kruger Park.

Imvelo Etjhaphulukileko

©David Fleminger

Indawo egade isandukwakhiwa ema-hectare ayi-162 00 i-Richtersveld National Park (RNP) kade imahadlahadla kwamambala. Iindlela gade inganazo, amakampa angasimahle kubusa iinlwane zomango. Kumuntu ogade afuna ukuzihlalela ehlathini gade kukuhle. Ngebhadi ngombana indawo le ikude nephasi lesimanjemanje, umphakathi wanghonghoyila. Umraro kwaba kubona bavumela imindeni eyi-28 kwaphela kobana ingadlisa ifuyo yayo ephageni le, nangokuqatjhwa kwabasebenzi.

Namhlanje, nanyana kunjalo,izinto sele zijame ngomumo. Umphakathi sele wamukela bona iphaga isemabadini wabo. Indawo eziyikampa zayo sele zizihle zinezindlu zangasese. Iindlela sele zingcono (nanyana kusafuneka i- 4x4). Sele kunezindlu zotjani zokulala ezimbalwa, okutjhwenya abantu bakudala abahlulukela umango onganalitho wephaga le, kodwana iimvakatjhi ezinengi zingathabela ihlanganisela yemvelo etjhaphulukileko kanye nenlwane.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana