Nongonoko Wo Phamela Timbuti Ta Masi

Loko unga se xava timbuti ta masi kuva u sungula purasi ra timbuti ta masi, swina nkoka ku kunguhata nongonoko wa mphamelo. Timbuti ta masi tinga vekiwa e hansi ka madyelo (madyelo ya ntumbuluko, nhova) kumbe mphamelo wa matimba xikan’we na xiyimo xa nhlayiso wa kahle.

Nongonoko Wo Enta Wo Phamela Timbuti

Timbuti tidya byasi na matluka ya misinya naswona tikota kutirhisa byasi na matluka ya swihlahla. Eka xiyimo xo tika, nhlayo na khwalithi bya madyelo yantumbuluko ya hlamusela kahle leswi mbuyelo wa masi ya timbuti yangatava xiswona. Mbuyelo wa masi ya timbuti letinga eka madyelo yantumbuluko wutala kuva e hansi swinene kutani swi endla leswaku nkarhi wohumesa masi wuva wokoma.
Eka tindzhawu leti tinga hlayisiwa titele, timbuti titala kuva tiri e handle exikarhi ka siku tirikarhi ti dya swihlahla na byasi na masalela ya swimilani swin’wani. Navusiku tinga pfaleriwa exivaleni leswaku tita kuma swakudya swo engetelela kufana na hays, straws nati concentrates tin’wani.

Maphamelelo Yo Enta Ya Timbuti

©Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension

Eka swiyimo swotika, timbuti ta masi tinga vekiwa eka madyelo lawa yanga rimiwa kumbe laha tinga hlayisiwa kona kumbe e tinkambeni letinga pfuleka. Madyelo lawa yanga rimiwa ya lava ku cheletiwa tani hileswi mpfula ya ntumbuluko e Afrika Dzonga yinga ringenalangiki kuva yivakona lembe hinkwaro laha kutirhaka madyelo.
Loko ku tirhisiwa tinkamba letinga pfuleka, timbuti tifanele ku sirheleriwa eka dyambu na mpfula. Tindzhawu to phamela tifanele kuva tiri na xipesi xo ringanela ku phamela xiva (0.3 - 0.5 m hi mbuti) kutiyisisa leswaku timbuti tikuma swakudya hiku olova. Ku hunguta tihakelo ta mphamelo madyelo yale mapurasini yafanele kuva ya tirhisiwa eka swakudya leswi.

Ti Concentrates To Engetela Mbuyelo Wa Masi

Ti concentrates ta tirhisiwa eka ku engetelela mphamelo wa swakudya na leswaku swi engetelela mbuyelo wa masi ya timbuti. Nhlayo ya matimba nati protein eka ti concentrate swiya hi khwalithi ya furu xikan’we na nhlayo ya mbuyelo ya masi, xiteji xaku humesa masi xikan’we na vukhale bya timbuti.
Swilaveko swa matimba na ti protein switala kuva e henhla swinene loko timbuti tisungula kuhumesa masi kutani yava e hansi loko kuya eku heleni ka mphakelo wa masi. Ti concentrates leti phakeriwaka hi khamphani titala ku durha. Nhlayo leyi phameriwaka yi ya hiku mbuti yi humesa masi yotani hikwihi. Ku phamela nhlayo yale henhla yati concentrates swingaka swinga hlayisi mali naswona swinga vanga leswaku makhwiri ya timbuti yanga tshamiseki leswi ekuheteleleni swingata lava nhlayo yokarhi ya furu eka swakudya swa timbuti.
Swakoteka kuva ukuma swakudya leswi katsakatsiweke (mavele, swakudya leswi nyikaka ti protein, ti mineral) ku endla kumbe ku katsiwa eka swakudya swa purasi rero. Leswi, swina nkoka leswaku mutivi wa swakudya loyi anga swidyondzela xikan’we na vutivi aku endlela nkatsakanyo. Eka van’wamapurasi lavantsongo va timbuti ta masi, switala ku olova ku xava swakudya swa dairy meal kusuka eka khamphani ematshanwini yaku tihlanganisela hi wexe.

Cycle Ya Masi Eka Timbuti

Ku humelerisiwa ka masi switala kuva kona endzhaku kaloko kuve na ximbutani, naswona kuya hiti genes xikan’we na xiyimo xa mphakelo wa timbuti, nkarhi waku humelerisa masi wungava kona kusukela eka 240 kuya eka 300 wa masiku. Timbuti letinga akeka kukota ku kondzelela xiyimo xale kaya tingava na nkarhi wuntsongo swinene waku humesa masi (150 - 180 wa masiku) hixitalo hikokwalaho ka ti genes na maphamelelo.
Khwalithi ya kahle ya furu kufana na lucerne hay (yile henhla hiti protein) yifanele ku phameriwa eka timbuti leti humesaka masi laha yi phamelaka kwalomu ka 40 - 60% wa swakudya swa siku. Nhlayo ya ti concentrates yi endliwa hi mbuyelo wa masi ya timbuti.
Mbuti leyi humesaka masi yotala yi humesaka 4 - 5 litres ta masi hi siku yi lava kwalomu ka 3 - 4 kg wa swakudya. Eka 40 - 60% leyi kungava kuri nkatsakanyo i.e.1.2 kuya eka 1.6 kg kuya eka 1.6 kuya eka 2.4 kg hi mbuti hi siku. Timbuti ta masi leti humesaka masi yale hansi tinga phameriwa nhlayo yale hansi yati concentrates.

Mphamelo Wa Timbuti Letinga Humeseki Masi

Timbuti letinga humesiki masi ti lava swakudya swa khwalithi ya kahle ya roughage. Leswi kungava lucerne kumbe oat hay. Loko timbuti ti larile swinene eka nhweti yohetelela yak u biha emirini nhlayo yintsongo, i.e. kwalomu ka 0.5 kg/siku yati concentrates yinga katsiwa eka swakudya. Swivula leswaku swa antswa eka eka timbuti kuva tivuyelela eka xiyimo eka xiphemu xa vumbirhi xa kuhumesa masi, kutlula ku ringeta kufikelela leswi eka mbuti leyinga humeseki masi.
Loko kungari na matimba yotala eka swakudya eka mahetelelo yak u biha emirini naswona eka kutswariwa ka swimbutani, mafurha lawa yanga hlayisiwa yata tirhisiwa. Loko swilaveko swiri ehenhla swivangiwa hikuva kuri na swimbutana swimbiri kumbe kutlula ekhwirini, laha xivindzi xinga tikeriwaka naswona mbuti yitava na xiyimo lexi vange i ketosis (“pregnancy toxaemia”) lexi lavaka ku tshunguriwa hiku hatlisa.
Tiva leswi: Vuxokoxoko lebyi i byo dyondzisa naku phakela vutivi naswona byingaka byinga tekiwi tani hi switsundzuxo swa mphakelo wa swakudya. Kukuma vuxokoxoko byotala mayelana na ku phamela swakudya ti hlanganisi na animal health technician, Dokodela wa swifuwo kumbe muphakeri wa swakudya swa swifuwo.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni