Leswi landzelaka i swiletelo:
Tiva ntsengo wo xavisa hiwona kusungula kutani u pimanyisa na vanwana vaxavisi vati hlampfi.
Kambela leswi hlampfi yi vonakisaka xiswona, nhlayo yatona, vukulu na vukhale bya yona.
Tiyisisa leswaku ku kariwa hinkwako naku hlayelela swi endliwe kahle hikuva uta hakela muxavisi kuya hi kilogram leyi layichiweke. Ntiko hinkwawo na nhlayo ya tihlampfi swina nkoka kuva u tiva leswi tingata kurisa xiswona xikan’we naku hlayelela swakudya kumbe feed conversion rate (FCR). FCR i nhlayo ya swakudya ku humelerisa nhlayo ya nyama ya hlampfi.
Languta xikombiso xa 100 kuya eka 200 wa tihlampfi kuringana vhiki rin’we. Loko kungari na swobiha leswi voniwaka, tihlampfi letin’wana tinga xaviwa. Maendlelo lawa ya pfuneta kutiva khwalithi ya mati ya damu ra wena xikan’we naku hunguta khombo raku lahlekeriwa hitihlampfi loko damu ri cheriwe tihlampfi totala.
Fikelela ntwanano na muphakeri hi mahakelelo na swipimelo swa mahakelelo.
Ku Fambisa Tihlampfi kuya eka Tindzhawu Tin’wana
Lulamisa switirhisiwa leswi lavekaka naswona u lulamisa tihlampfi kuva ti fambisiwa. Kuyisa emahlweni ku langutisiwa hinkarhi lowu ti fambisiwaka swina nkoka swinene kutiyisisa leswaku ti hanye kahle naswona tita fika tiri eka xiyimo xa kahle. Tekela enhlokweni leswi landzelaka:Mpfumelelo kusuka eka hofisi ya valhayisi vantumbuluko eka xifundzha xaka n’wina yaku fambisa tihlampfi. Leswi swifanele ku kumiwa kwalomu ka 14 wa masiku loko kungase fambisiwa tihlampfi leti, kutsundzuxa Henk Stander minijhere nkulu wa swa vuthekiniko wa Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences at Stellenbosch University.
Languta leswaku maxelo ya masiku nyana lawa yanga ekusuhi nakuva u fambisa tihlampfi yatava ya tshamise kuyini. Eka maxelo yokufumela kulaveka nhlayiso wo engeteleleka loko ku fambisiwa tihlampfi. Tivisa lava u xavaka eka vona kuringana masiku yanharhu unga se ya teka tihlampfi leswaku vata tilulamisa kahle.
Swihlampfani swifanele kululamisiwa loko swinga se fambisiwa. Leswi swivula leswaku ati phameriwi nchumu kuringana 24 - 48 wa ti awara. Leswi swi endla leswaku vaxavisi vahlawula tihlampfi letinga eka xiyimo xa kahle.
Swo fambisa hiswona swinga lombiwa kusuka eka van’wamapurasi lava xavisaka. Famba na thangi rin’wana rale tlhelo ra moya loko rotshuka rilaveka naswona u tiyisisa leswaku rile ka xiyimo xa kahle xo tirha. Mathangi ya moya yanga lombisiwa kusukela eka van’wamapurasi lava xavisaka kumbe kusuka eka vaphakeri va gasi vofana na Afrox.
Layicha mathangi lawa kuya hileswi vikiweke mayelana na ntiko: 1.0 – 1.2 kg wati hlampfi kuya hi 10 wa tilitara ta mati.
Tiva levele ya moya xikan’we na xiyimo xa tihlamfpi e mathangini endzhaku kaloko tahaku layichiwa naswona kufambisiwa ka tihlampfi swinga se sungula. Tiyisisa leswaku tiphayiphi ta moya ati siveriwangi hi mathangi yotika; 1000 wa tilitara ta mati titika 1 ton!
Kambela mathangi endzhaku ka 20 - 30 wa timinete loko yari eku fambisiweni. Tihlampfi tifanele titikomba tiri na matimba naswona ti famba famba hiku olova. Tiyisisa leswaku tilevele ta moya xikan’we na mahiselo ya mati swilaha kunga pimiwa. Loko tihlampfi ti languteka ti karhele kumbe tilava moya etshakwini ra mati, swivula leswaku levele ya moya yile hansi swinene naswona kulaveka moya wo engetelela lowu faneleke wu cheriwa e matini.
Muchayeri wa lori leyi fambisaka tihlampfi ufanele a tiyisisa leswaku moya eka mathayere wululamerile naswona a chayela hi vukheta himinkarhi hinkwayo.
Loko ti fika e dan’wini, ringeta ku tiyisisa leswaku mati lawa yanga thangini leringa eka lori na mati ya damu ya fana, hi mahiselo na tikhemikhali letinga eka wona, hiku katsa 50% ya mati mathangi eka ya damu. Unga cheli tihlampfi hiku kongoma eka ti ponds. Sungula u toloveta hlampfi kuringana tiawara nyana kutani uti chela hikantsongo kuya e dan’wini; ni mixo kumbe nanhlekani hiyona minkarhi ya kahle.
Loko tihlampfi ti xaviwile, yima kuringana 12 wa tiawara loko ungase tiphamela swakudya rosungula kutani uti langutisa kuringana 24 - 48 wa tiawara leti landzelakas.Translated by Ike Ngobeni