Ku Kamberiwa ka Khwalithi ya Mati eka Vufuwi bya Swalematini

Khwalithi ya mati ya damu xikan’we na laha mati ya aquaculture (freshwater fish farming) ya humaka kona ya fanele ku kamberiwa loko vufuwi bya tihlampfi byinga se sungula. Teka swikombiso nkarhi hinkwawo swa mati kusukela eka tindzhawu tohambana hambana edan’wini naswona kungari kusuka e xidziveni ntsena.

Mati yale tshakwini: kambela mati lawa kukuma moya, pH, nitrogen hinkwayo, ammonia na phosphorus (P) hinkwayo.
Eka mati lawa yanga tekiwa etshakwini ra mati: kambela moya, pH na ammonia.

Ndlela yo teka Swikombiso swa Mati yale Dan’wini

Nkarhi wakahle waku teka swikombiso swa mati exifundzheni xa Western Cape kuva kusukela eka November kuya eka January, kuya hi Henk Stander mininjhere nkulu wa swa vuthekiniki e Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences at Stellenbosch University.

Swikombiso swa mati kusuhi nale tshakwini (from 1 to 2 m deep) naswona kusuka e tshakwini ra damu hiku tirhisa xo kombisa mati. Eka madamu lawa yanga entangiki, teka swikombiso endzeni ka damu nale handle nyana ka rona.
Teka xikombiso xin’we kumbe swimbirhi kumbe swotala loko mali yipfumela; ku endliwa nkambisiso wo helela e laboratory lowunga durhaka exikarhi ka R1 500 na R2 000 (2019). Xikombiso xa mati ya 350 ml xitava xiringanerile. Ya hlayise eka xigwitsirisi kutani ya kamberiwa endzhaku ka masiku yanharhu endzhaku ko kiwa, ku tsundzuxa Stander.

Level ya Khwalithi ya mati ya Swale Matini?

Swikombiso swa mati swi lavisisiwa kukuma swohambana hambana kukatsa naku kuma timinerali letingavaka kona. Khwalithi ya mati yosungula (before starting freshwater fish farming) yifanele kuva hindlela leyi:

Moya:
Moya woringanela etshakwini ra mati: 7 kuya eka12 mg/L.
Levele yale henhla swinene ya moya yita kombisa leswaku kuna kukula swinene ka phytoplankton naswona swiengetelela khombo raku hela ka moya loko phytoplankton yifa.

pH:
pH ya mati yale tshakwini yafanele kuva ehansi ka 8 naswona yava exikarhi ka 5 na 8. Kuhambana exikarhi ka tshaku na pH ya mati yale tshakwini swifanele swiri ehansi ka 1.5.

Ammonia:
Level ya ammonia etshakwini ayifanelangi yi hundza 1 mg/L.

TP:
Level ya total phosphorus (TP) ya mati yale tshakwini ayi fanelanga kuva yi hundza 50 μg/L (0.05 mg/L).

TN:TP
Nhlayo ya total nitrogen : total phosphorus (TN:TP) ayifanelanga kuva yi hundza 20. Leswi iku papalata minantswo yoka yingari kahle hikokwalaho ka nkuxu.

Visibility
Kuvonakala ka kahle kufanele kuva e henhla ka 50 cm leswi kumiweke hiku hlayiwa ka Secchi-disc.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni