Mofikela wa Avian influenza, e itsege gape ka leina la bird flu, ke bolwetse jo bo tlisetsang lefatshe matshosetsi a magolo ele tota. Bolwetse jo ga bo tle ka mathata a ditatlhego tse di tlang ka dipolao tsa dithoto tsa bagwebi lefatshe ka bophara fela, mme mefuta e mengwe ya one ebong H5N1 le H7N9, e ka tshwaetsa le batho ka bolwwetse.
Go ya ka lekgotlha la World Organisation for Animal Health, bolwetse jwa H5N1 bo simolotse go bonwa kwa Hong Kong ka ngwaga wa 1997, mme bo phatlhaletse go tswa kwa Asia go ya kwa Europe le Afrika ga e sale ngwaga wa 2003. Bolwetse jo, bo tshwaeditse batho ba le 468 mme goa tlhokafala bale 282 kwa magareng a dingwaga tsa 2002-2009. Morago ga foo ya tshwaetsa batho bale 233 mme gwa tlhokafala bale 125 kwa magareng a dingwaga tsa 2010-2014.
Dipalo tse di fokotsegile ga e sale, mme lekoko la World Health organisation le bega fa go nnile le balwwetse bale 145 mme ga tlhokafala 42 ka 2015, goa nna le dikgetsi dile 10 ka maso a le mararo ka 2016, ka 2017 go bonwe kgetsi dile tharo mme ga tlhokafala motho ale esi. Bolwetse jo mo bathong, bo bakiwa ke kgolagano le mafelo aa tshwaetsegileng (contaminated environments). Go na le matshosetsi a gore bolwetse jo bo ka iphetola mme ba ata go bona bokgoni jwa go iphatlhalatsa mo bathong.
Mefuta ee farolaganeng ya Malwetse
Go na le mefuta e ka nna 15 ee farologaneng ya mofikela wa Avian Influenza ee itseweng mme e arogantswe ka mephato e mebedi kaga go balwa bogale jwa bolwetse mo dikgogong.
Low pathogenic avian influenza, e e sa bontsheng matshwao a bolwetse.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza, ee bontshang matshwao aa setlhogo a bolwetse mme ele yone e bolaya o feta.
Bolwetse ba H5N8 jo bo bonweng mo Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa 2017, ga bo a tshwaetsa batho mme e bakile polao selekano sa dikgogo di ka nna dikete tsa makgolo a mabedi. Bangwe ba bagwebi ba ba amegileng bare, dikgogo ga dia bontsha matshwao ape a gore dia lwala, mme ba di bone di itshwela ka dipalo tse di kwa godimo.
Dikai/Matshwao sa Bolwetse
Go ya ka lekwalo la dintlhakgolo la lefapha la Lancet Laboratories le lefapha la Department of Agriculture’s, bolwetse ba Avian Influenza-ga bo se bogale bo ka bonala mo dikgogong ka mafofa aa tlhakatlhakaneng, dikgogo di tla beela palo ee kwa tlase ya mae, di tla palelwa ke go hema sentle, di tla bonala di sunetsa kgotsa di ethimola. Ga tlaselo e le bogale, e ka se nne go hema fella go go tla amegang mme le ditho tse dingwe tsa mebele ya tsone e ka amega mme e ka feketswa ke “internal Hemorrhaging”
Ga bolwetse bo le bogale o tla bona ka matshwao a a latelang:
Dikgogo di ka didimala thata, mme di bonale di sena matla ebile di na le mathata a manyaapelo
Di tla beela palo ee fokotsegileng ya mae. Ebile o tla bona mae a mangwe a na le sekgapa se se bonolo, kgotsa go sena sekgapa mo leeng.
O tla bona setlotlo le tedu ya yone e rurugile mme e pitlagane.
Sefatlhego le letlalo le le fa tlase ga matlho di tla ruruga, mme di nne le mmala oo phephole.
O tla simolola go bona matshwao a gore dikgogo di na le “conjunctivitis” (inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye).
Matshwao a gohema go go bokete, jaaka go gotlhola, go ethimola le go hupelwa.
E tla bonala e na le bothata ba ditshika (Nervous symptoms), jaaka gororomela, molala oo sothegileng, diphuka di ka swa bogatsu, matsopa a mangwe a tla palelwa ke go ikemela ka maoto mme a kaname fafatshe a ntse a tsamaisa maoto.
Dikgogo di tla simolola go tsholla (diarrhoea).
O tla bona matshwao a “haemorrhages” mo di-hocks tsa dinonyane
Tse di mmalwa di ka swa mo malatsing aa latelanang, mme go latele maso a le mantsi ka sebaka. Di ka swa tsotlhe mo sebakeng sa diaura(hours) dile 48.
Translated by Ikalafeng Maedi