Avian influenza, leyi tivekaka ku antswa tani hi bird flu, yi hundzuku mavabyi lawa yakulu swinene eka tihuku. Mavabyi lawa aya onhi ntsena hiku dlaya tihuku ta magidigidi emisaveni hinkwayo kambe vuvabyi byofana na H5N1 xikan’we na H7N9, ya tlulela naleka vanhu.
Mavabyi ya H5N1 ya kumeke rosungula e Hong Kong hi lembe ra 1997, kuya hiva World Organisation for Animal Health, yavuye ya hangalaka kusuka e Asia kuya e Europe nale Africa kusukela hi lembe ra 2003. Mavabyi lawa yavuye ya khoma 468 wa vanhu no dlaya 282 wa vanhu exikarhi ka malembe yava 2002 na 2009 notlhela ya tlulela 233 wa vanhu no dlaya 125 wa vanhu exikarhi ka 2010 na 2014.
Tinhlayo to tluleriwa no dlawa ka vana hi mavabyi lawa tivuye ti chika swinene kusukela kwalano laha va World Health Organisation vanga vika 145 wa swiviko na 42 wa mafu kusukela hi 2015, 10 wa swiviko na mafu yanharhu hi 2016 kasi swiviko swinharhu na rifu rin’we hi 2017. Kutluleriwa ka vanhu sweswi swivangiwa hikuva vanhu vatikuma vari eka tindzhawu letingana mavabyi yalawo. Leswi hileswi chaviwaka swinene eka leswaku mavabyi lawa yanga hangalaka swinene exikarhi ka vanhu.
Ku hambana ka mavabyi
Ku tlula kwalomu ka 15 wa tinxaka ta mavabyi ya avian influenza yakumeka naswona yale ka nxanxameto wa swiphemu mambirhi kuya hi nkoka wa wona eka mavabyi ya tihuku:
Low pathogenic avian influenza , leyi tekiwaka kuva yingari na swikoweto swa mavabyi loko yinghenile.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza , leyi tekiwaka tani himavabyi lawa yangana swikoweto swotala swamavabyi xikanwe no dlaya ngopfu.
Mavabyi ya H5N8 yasungule kuhangalaka e Afrika Dzonga hi 2017 naswona ayanga tluleli evanhwini, kambe ya vange mafu yoringana 200 000 eka tihuku. Van’wamapurasi lava vanga khumbeka ava vika leswaku akuvangi na swikoweto swa mavabyi eka tihuku kambe tilo pfuka tifile hixitalo.
Swikoweto
Kuya hiva Lancet Laboratories na ndzawulo ya swavurimi, Avian Influenza- Veterinary Fact Sheet, vuvabyi lebyi loko byinga se tika byitikomba hikuva tihuku tihluveka tisiva, nhlayo ya matandza yihunguteka, ku tikeriwa eka kuhefemula ka tona kufana na kuhentshemula na ntsikwani. Loko se byitikile vuvabyi lebyi, ahi kuhefemula ntsena leswi khumbhekaka kambe na swirho swatihuku swakhumbheka laha swinwana swikhumbhaka swirho swale ndzeni.
Swin’wana swa swikoweto swa mavabyi lawa loko ya tikile swikatsa leswi:
Tihuku tingava timiyerile kumbe kulanguteka titsanile.
Kungava na kuhunguteka ka nhlayo ya matandza lawa yatshikeriwaka, laha matandza yotala yavaka na xikhamba xovevuka kumbe yarihava xikhamba.
Kupfimba ka swirho swalenhlokweni swahuku.
Xikandza na nhlonge leyinga e hansi ka matihlo yinga pfimba no cinca muhlovo wuva wa wasi kuya eka purple.
Tihuku tinga vonaka hiku pfimba endzeni ka matihlo
Kutikeriwa eka kuhefemula ku katsa ku khohlola, kuhentshemula na ntsikwani.
Swikoweto swa kurhurhumela swirho, ku petseka ka nhamu kumbe ku gonoka ka tipiku. Tinxaka tinwana ta tihuku titsandzeka ku famba tihetelela hiku etlela ehansi tikarhi tiringeta kutlakusa milenge.
Tihuku tinwani tikhomiwa hi nchuluko
Tin’wani tihuma ngati emilengeni yatona.
Tin’wani ta fa endzhaku ka masiku nyana, swilandzeriwa hiku hangalaka loku hatlisaka na kufa lokunga fikaka eka 100% eka 48 wa ti awara.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni