Linani lekwehla kwemvula lichazeka ngekutsi lilula, lisemkhatsini kanye netimvula letimatima letishiyana ngekutsi ingakanani imvula letokwehla ngelihora. Njengekutsi imvula lemelula – 2.5 mm, litulu lelisemkhatsini – 2.8 kuya ku 7.6 mm kanye nemvula lematima – lengetulu kwa 7.6 mm ngelihora.
Ngekuya ngekuSebenta kweSimo Selitulu eNingizimu Afrika, 1 mm wekwehla kwemvula ulingana neLilitha Linye lemanti ku 1 m x 1 m endzaweni lete kwekugijimela, kusefwa noma sifutfo.
Kwakheka kwe Litulu
Litulu lakheka ngemafu. Emafu akheka ngesikhatsi umoya lomantana lonekufutfumala kancane uphakama. Umoya lomuningi uyakhula, ngendzaba yemfutfo lophansi unyuka emoyeni, bese wehlela phansi. Lomoya lophansi noma lopholile nawuhlangana nesifutfo semantic kungesikhatsi kuvela lokutiya. Lokutiya igt ematfonsi emanti akhula aze asindze kakhulu ngekunyakata kwemoya losetulu bese wehlela emhlabeni.Emafu
Emafu eStratiform akwasa-Ngubo phindze avala tindzawo letinkhulu. Emafu eStratiform akheka ngesikhatsi tigadla temoya tiphoceleleka kutsi tiphakame kancane kancane etindzaweni noma etigodzini letinkhulu, tivame kwenta tikhehle noma emakhekheba. Umangabe lesikhehle lesingetulu simantana futsi sifutfumele kuphakama kuyachubeka, emafu estratiform angaletsa litulu noma sitfwatfwa lesichubekako.
Emafu eCumuliform, layindingilizi noma lasa-gilophu nawuwabuka, avame kukhula ngekuya etulu. Loku kunyakata lokukhuphukako kwenta emafu ecumulonimbus leshonako, lendze leletsa kudvuma.
Kuchazwa kwe Litulu
Litulu Lelakhiwe Kunyakata Kwetintfo Letincane Tagesi Nemanti
Litulu le convection lakheka ngesikhatsi umoya lomantana lofutfumele uphakama kusuka ngetulu kwemhlaba. Emafu eCumulonimbus noma ecumulus akheka phindze kwehle nemvula ngekwakheka kwekudvuma.
Kudvuma kuhambisana nemimoya lecinile, lenemandla, timvula letinemandla futsi ngaletinye tikhatsi nelitulu lesangcotfo sematje. Etindzaweni letilihlane, ematfonsi emanti lasuka ekudvumeni angancibilika ngaphambi afike emhlabatsini. Timvula letinje tiphindze tenteke ngesikhatsi sasehlobo etindzaweni-letishisa kancane lapho khona kunekuhlangana kwebumantana emoyeni kanye nekushisa.
Litulu le Orographic
Litulu le orographic lakheka ngesikhatsi umooya lomantana uphoceleleka kutsi uphakame uye ehlangotsini lwentsaba. Emafu eNimbostratus ayakheka kantsi nelitulu liyana ngasehlangotsini lemoya (umoya lobheka etulu) kwetintsaba. Kwehla kwelitulu kuphansi ngasehlangotsini lwe leeward (umoyalophansi) kwetintsaba. Lena ndzawo ichazeka ngekutsi ise ‘sitfuntini selitulu’.
iKaroo Lencane, ngase Oudtshoorn, nguyona isibonelo lesikhulu kakhulu semtfunti welitulu eNingizimu Afrika. Kwehlakwemvula ekuhambenikwemoya, emnceleni, ehlangotsini lwe Tintsaba te Outeniqua kungaba ngetulu kwa 1 000 mm ngemnyaka, kepha incumbi yale Karoo Lencane, ngasehlangotsini lwe leeward yalentsaba, kungephansi kwa 200 mm.
Litulu Langaphambili noma Lesivunguvungu
Litulu la ungaphambili noma lesivunguvungu libangwa yindlela yemoya lophansi logegeletele icyclone. Loku kwenteka nangabe umoya lofutfumele, lofutfumele ngaphambili, uhlangana nalobandzako bese sivunguvungu siyakhula, indlela lenemfutfo lophansi enkhabeni kanye nemfutfo lophakeme longakiwo.
Lomoya lofutfumele uphocelelwa kutsi uphakame ngetulu kwemoya lobandzako. Lomoya lophakamako emkhatsini wenta kupholisa, wakha emafu enimbostratus bese uchubekela etimvuleni letesindzako kuleyo ndzawo.
Translated by Phindile Malotana