Imvula yemvula ichazwa njengemvula elula, ejwayelekile futhi enamandla kuncike ekutheni imvula izowa nini ehoreni. Isibonelo, imvula elula - 2.5 mm, imvula elinganiselayo - 2.8 kuya ku-7.6 mm nemvula enkulu - okungaphezu kuka 7.6 mm ngehora.
Ngokusho kweSouth African Weather Service, imvula eyi-1 mm ilingana nelitha elilodwa lamanzi endaweni e-1 m x 1 m ngaphandle kokuqhuma, ukungena noma ukungena kwamanzi.
Ukwakheka Kwemvula
Imvula ikhiqizwa ngamafu. Amafu enza lapho umoya omanzi uvuka. Umoya omanzi uyanda, ngenxa yezingcindezi eziphansi eziphezulu emoyeni, bese uhlahlela phansi. Umoya ocolile ugcwele umphuzi wamanzi futhi lokhu kuwukuthi ukunciphisa kwenzeka. Ukukhipha amanzi lapho ama-droplets amanzi ehlanganiswa endaweni ebanda noma ehamba nge-particle. Njengoba ukunciphisa okuqhubekayo, lawa manzi amanzi akhula kuze kube yilapho enzima kakhulu ukunyakaza komoya futhi awele emhlabeni.Amafu
Amafu e-Stratiform ayingubo-futhi afaka izindawo ezinkulu. Amafu e-Stratiform enza lapho izingqimba zomoya ziphoqeleka ukuba zikhule kancane ezindaweni eziningi, ngokuvamile zakha izingqimba. Uma ungqimba oluphezulu lunomswakama futhi lukhuphuka luqhubeka, amafu ase-stratiform angaletha imvula eminingi noma iqhwa.
Ama-Cumuliform awumjikelezo ngokubukeka, ngokuvamile akhula phezulu.
Lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kubangela amafu amancane, amade, ama-cumulonimbus enza ukuduma kwezulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezimvula
Imvula ye-Convection
Imvula ye-convection yakha lapho umoya oshisayo onomswakama uphuma emhlabeni. Uhlobo lwe-Cumulonimbus noma i-cumulus amafu futhi imvula iwa ngesimo sokuduma kwezulu.
Isivunguvungu sihlobene nemimoya eqinile, enamandla, imvula enzima futhi ngezinye izikhathi isichotho. Ezindaweni ezigwadule, amaconsi amanzi avela ekudumazeni angathuthuka ngaphambi kokufika phansi.
Izimvula ezinjalo nazo zenzeke ehlobo ezindaweni ezincane ezishisayo lapho kukhona inhlanganisela yomswakama emoyeni nasekushiseni.
Imvula ye-orographic
Lapho imimoya enomswakama iphoqelelwa khona eceleni kwentaba. Amafu e-Nimbostratus afaka futhi imvula iwela ohlangothini lwe-windward (ukuphakama) kwentaba. Imvula iphansi ngaphansi kwe-leeward (downwind) yentaba. Le ndawo ihlukaniswa njengokuthi 'isithunzi sezulu'.
I-Karoo encane, eduze no-Oudtshoorn, yisibonelo esiphezulu kakhulu somthunzi wemvula eNingizimu Afrika. Imvula eningizimu, ogwini, eceleni kwezintaba ze-Outeniqua ingaba ngaphezu kuka-1 000 mm ngonyaka, kodwa iningi leKing Karoo, ngaseceleni kwe-mountain, lingaphansi kuka-200 mm.
Imvula yesihlwithi
Imvula yesihlwithi ibangelwa izinhlelo ezincane ezicindezelayo ezizungeze umshingishane womoya omkhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umoya ofudumalayo, ukufudumala kwangaphambili, uhlangana phambili ebandayo futhi kuqhuma isiphepho, uhlelo lokucindezela okuphansi phakathi nendawo nokucindezela okukhulu okuzungezile.
Umoya ofudumele uphoqeleka ukuba uphakamise phezulu emoyeni okhuni kakhulu. Umoya okhuphuka phakathi ugoba phansi, ubeka ama-nimbostratus amafu futhi uholela emvula enkulu kakhulu kule ndawo.
Translated by Nsika Khoza