Kwakhiwa kwe Mkhonto we Sive
Mandela kanye nabo bonkhe labakuKhanseli Lesebenta ngeSive bacolela kulungisela kubonisa ngesimemetelo se Ningizimu Afrika njenge Republic ngenyanga yeNkhwenkhweti natimashumi lamatsatfu nakunye ngemnyaka wa 1961. Bebafuna kulungisela umbhikisho wemalanga lamatsatfu kuhletwi emakhaya kusuka ngemashumi lamabili nemfica, emashumi lamatsatfu kanye nemashumi lamatsatfu nakunye enyangeni yeNkhwenkhweti ngemnyaka wa 1961.
Kwadzingeka kutsi Mandela ahambe ayobhaca, kuza angatoboshwa. Bo Mandela na Walter Sisulu bahamba kulelive ngetindlela temfihlo balungiselela lesitelega. Mandela ( lobekabitwa ngekutsi ngekutsi yimpimbi lemnyama ngalesosikhatsi) bekangumbaleki cishe umnyaka wonkhe nehhafu.
Ngemuva kwekuvela kwemaphoyisa lamaningi kulesitelega, Mandela wabese uyasimisa ngelilanga lesibili. Ngalesikhatsi lesi, yena nalabanye lasebenta nabo bacolela kutsi budlova la Ningizimu Afrika angeke kuyekeleke, nalokutsi baholi base Afrika angeke bakhone kuchubeka ngemitsetfo yabo lengasibobudlova uma hulumende ahlangana netintfo letifunwako temalungelo ebantfu ngebudlova kanye nangemandla.
Sivumelwano sekwakha iMK (Umkhonto we Sizwe – Sikhali se Sive), bekungasiyo iANC, kepha bantfu labatsite labebaku ANC labanconota kuyicala. Mandela bekangu khomanda lomkhulu wekucala we MK.
Kuboshwa kwa Nelson Mandela
Ngemnyaka wa 1962 Mandela weca ligede ngekushontja ayokwenta kuvela lobekungakagadvwa kumhlangano we Pan-African Movement lobowuse Addis Ababa. Wachaza kulomhlangano kutsi Umkhonto we Sizwe wakwentelani lokuhlasela.
Eluhambeni lwakhe, watfola kulungiselela kwemasotja eAlgeria wase uhamba uya eLondon lapho khona ahlangana nebaholi bephathi yema British labangayifuni. Watsi Mandela nakabuya eNingizimu Afrika, wabanjwa ngenyanga yeNgci mhlaka 5 eceleni kwe Howick eNatali.
Mandela wazanywa ePitoli Sinagogeni kwatsi ngenyanga ye Lweti ngemnyaka wa 1962 wagwetjwa iminyaka lesihlanu’ ejele ngekugcugcutela kanye nekuhamba eveni ngalokungekho emtsetfweni. Wacala sijubo sakhe ePitoli Ejele Lelisedolobheni.
Watsi Mandela nakasejele, emaphoyisa angenela emahhovisi lamakhulu eANC labekangaphansi ePulazini lebelise Liliesleaf eRivonia, babopha emamemba lafana na, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba, Ahmed Kathrada, Dennis Goldberg kanye na Lionel Bernstein.
Emaphoyisa atfola emaphepha labekachaza ngekukhicitwa kwemabhomu, libhuku lelincane la Mandela leluhambo lwakhe lwase Afrika kanye nemaphepha esimemetelo – ‘Kusebenta Makubuye’ – lobekuchaza indlela lebeyingahle ibe yemabutfo emzabalazo.
Imphilo yakhe Ejele
Ngenyanga yeMphala ngemnyaka wa 1963 Mandela wabuyiswa ejele wayojoyina lalabanye labasiphohlongo lebebabomsolwa ecaleni lekuvimba, kungetsembeki kwekubhubhisa hulumende ngekususa, kanye nekulekelela emabutfo angaphandle latongenela iNingizimu Afrika lengakahlomi.
Umbhalo waMandela wasemkhunjini watsi, ʺNgikulungele Kufaʺ lokwatfola kuviwa ngumhlabawonkhe. Ngenyanga Nhlaba ngelisuku lelishumi nakubili emnyakeni wa 1964, bonkhe bomsolwa bagwetjwa timphilo tabo ejele.
Busuku lobulandzelako Nelson Mandela wandiziswa waya eKapa aya ejele lase Robben Island lapho agcinwa khona kwaza kwaba yinyanga yaMabasa ngemnyaka wa 1982, lapho atfunyelwa ejele lase Pollsmoor eceleni kwase Kapa.
Kukhankasa lokukhulu ‘Kwekukhululwa kwa Mandela’ kwacalwa ngemnyaka wa 1982, eNingizimu Afrika kanye nasemaveni angaphandle. Emave lamaningi angaphandle afaka emandla ekufuceni hulumende wala Ningizimu Afrika kutsi akhulule Mandela, leyena ngalesosikhatsi abesiboshwa lesatiwa mhlabawonkhe ngetepolitiki.
Translated by Phindile Malotana
Bafuna live lonkhe kepha behluleka kumtfola, wagcina atiwa njenge ‘Black Pimpernel’, ligama lelitsatfwe kumlingisi lodvumile....