Ukutlanywa kwehlangano yomkhonto weSizwe
UMandela ne-All in National Action Council bathatha igadango lokuhlela umtjhagalo wokuphikisana nesimemezelo sokobana iSewula Africa ibe yi-Republic ngezi -31 zakaMkgayili ngonyaka ka 1961. Bebafuna ukuhlela umtjhagalo wamalanga amathathu ngezi 29, 30, nezi 31 zakaMkgayili ngonyaka ka-1961.
UMandela kwafanela bona ayozifihla ukwenzela bona angabotjhwa mapholisa. UMandela no Walter Sisulu bakhamba inakga le yoke bangabonwa, bakhambe bahlela bona umtjhagalo lo kufanele wenziwe njani (uMandela bamthiya igama lokudlala okuthiwa ngu –the black Pimpernel ngeskhatheso) wayengofunwa mapholisa iskhathi esipheze sibe munyaka nohafu.
Ngemva kobana urhulumende akhiphe amapholisa amanengi okobana abambe abatjhagali, uMandela wajamisa umtjhagalo ngelanga lesibili. Ngesikhatheso, yena nabanye asebenza nabo bathatha igadango lokobana umguruguru enarheni le, ngeze bawubalekela, abadosi phambili laba besele bangekhe basakgona ukuragela phambili ngemithetho yabo yokulwa bangasebenzisi umgurugu lokhanyana urhulumende Agade aragela phambili ngokusebenzisa umguruguru namandla.
Isphetho sokobana batlame i MK (Umkhonto we Sizwe) zange size ne-ANC, kodwana seza nabanye abantu khona ehlangananweni lo we-ANC. UNelson Mandela waba ngu-commander in chief wokuthoma weMK.
Ukubotjhwa kuka Nelson Mandela
Ngonyaka ka1962 uMandela weqa, umgcele angabonwa wayovela angakalindelwa ekhomferentsini ye-Pan African Freedom Movement eyayise Addis Ababa. Watlhadlhula bona kungebangalani Umkhonto weSizwe kwakufanele bona uthome ukuhlasela. Evakatjhweni lakhe wathola ukulolongwa njenge guerilla enarheni yange –Algeria ,wathatha nekhambo lokuya eLondon lapha ahlangana khona nabadosi phambili behlangano ephikisako yeBritain.
Lokha uMandela nakabuya ngeSewula Africa ,ngezi 5 zaka Rhoboyi wabanjwa wabotjhwa eduze kwe Howick eNatal . UMandela wagwetjwa iminyaka emihlanu ePitori e-old synagogue ngoSinyikhaba wonyaka ka -1962 bamugwebela ukuphehla intukgu nokukhamba enarheni le ngokungasisemthethweni .Wathoma isgwebo sakhe e-Pretoria central Prison.
Lokhanyana uMandela asese ngentrogweni, amapholisa ahlasela amakotasi we-ANC, eplasini le-Liliesleaf eRivonia, lapha abopha khona amalunga wehlangano ekubalwa kiwo uWalter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba , Ahmend Kathrada , De Dennis Goldberg kanye noLionel Bernstein.Amapholisa athola amadokede ahlobaniswa nokwenziwa kwenthuthumbisi, I-diary kaMandela lapha akhuluma ngokukweriyela iinarha ze-Africa namakhophi wemomorandamu ye-operative Mayibuye , ebeyikhuluma ngendlela zama-guerilla.
Isgwebo sentambo
NgoSewula ka1963 uMandela walethwa ekhotho, abuya ngentrogweni ukuzohlangana nabanye abane abebasolwa ngomlando wokuzama ukumorosa umbuso, ukuzama ukuketula umbuso ukutjhagala nokukgelebha amajoni wakwezinye iinakga ukobana bahlasele iSewula Africa.
Istatimende sakaMandela asedokodweni sasithi ngizimisele ukufa, nesabonwa liphasi loke. Ngezi 12 zikaMgwegweni ngonyaka ka 1964, boke ebebasolwa ngemilandu le, bagwetswa isgwebo sentambo.
Intambama elandelako UNelson Mandela waphaphiselwa eKapa endleleni eye entrogweni le-Robben Island lapho, abanjwa kwaze kwaba ngenyanga kaSihlabantangana ngonyaka ka-1982, bamthumela ejele lange-Pollsmoor eduze neKapa. Ijima elikhulu lokobana uMandela akhitjhwe ngejele latlanywa ngonyaka ka-1982 lapha eSewula Africa nangaphetjheya.
Iinakga ezinengi zangaphandle zakatelela urhulumende weSewula Africa kobana akhiphe uMandela ngentrogweni, ngeskhatheso ebesele kusibotjhwa sepolotiki esidume iphasi loke zombelele.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana
Kodwana wazifihla, wagcina sekaziwa njengo-Black Pimpernel nokuligama alithiyelelwa ngomdlali odumileko wenovela i- Baroness Orczy umlingisi...