Go Thewa ga Umkhonto we Sizwe
Mandela le go All-In National Action Council ba sweeditse go rulaganya ditshupetso kgatlhanong le go kaiwa ga Afrika Borwa jaaka Republic ka di 31 Motsheganong 1961. Ba ne ba batla go rulaganya tshupetso ya matsatsi a le mararo ya go-dula-gae ka di 29, 30 le 31 tsa Motsheganong 1961.
Mandela o ne a tshwenela ke go dira ka bokhukhuntshwane go efoga go tshwarwa. Mandela le Walter Sisulu ba ne ba ralala naga mo sephiring ba rulaganya dintlha tsa ditshupetso. Mandela (yo o neng a filwe seka-leina Black Pimpernel ka nako eo) e ne e le motshabi sebaka se se ka nnang ngwaga le halofo.
Morago ga gore sepodisi se tlhorontshe badiraditshupetso ka bontsi, Mandela o ne a khutlhisa ditshupetso mo letsatsing la bobedi. Ka motsi ono, ênê le bangwe ba badirammogo ka ênê ba ne ba sweetsa gore tiriso-dikgoka e ka se efogwe mo Afrika Borwa, le gore baeteledipele ba maAfrika ba ka se tswelele ka maitlamo a bona a go sa dirise dikgoka ntswa puso e araba ditôpô tsa ditshwanelo tsa botho ka tiriso-dikgoka le maatla.
Tshweetso ya go thea MK (Umkhonto we Sizwe – Lerumo la Setšhaba), e ne e se ya ANC, fela maloko mangwe a ANC ba sweeditse go e thea. Nelson Mandela e ne e le mookamedi-mogolo wa ntlha wa MK.
Go Golegwa ga Nelson Mandela
Ka 1962 Mandela o ne a tlola molelwane ka sephiri go dira ketelô e e sa solofelwang kwa Pan-African Freedom Movement Conference kwa Addis Ababa. O ne a tlhalosetsa kopano gore ke ka goreng Umkhonto we Sizwe e tshwanetse ke go dira ditlhaselo tsa yona tsa ntlha.
Mo loetong lwa gage, o bone katisô ya ntwa ya guerrilla kwa Algeria mme a bololela kwa London kwa a kopaneng le baeteledipele ba makoko a kemô-kgatlhonong a kwa Brithane. Fa Mandela a boela mo Afrika Borwa, o ne a tshwarwa ka di 5 tsa Phatwe gaufi le Howick kwa Natala.
Mandela o ne a sekisetswa kwa Old Synagogue ya kwa Pretoria mme ka Ngwanatsele 1962 o ne a atlholelwa dingwaga di le tlhano kwa kgologelong ka ntlha ya go rotloetsa le go tswa mo nageng ntle le molao. O simolotse katlholo ya gagwe kwa Pretoria Central Prison.
Fa Mandela a le kwa kgolegelong, sepodisi sene sa dira diphuruphutsô tsa tshoganyetso kwa dikantorokgolong tsa sephiri tsa ANC kwa polaseng ya Liliesleaf kwa Rivonia, mme sa tshwara maloko mangwe jaaka Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba, Ahmed Kathrada, Dennis Goldberg le Lionel Bernstein.
Sepodisi se fitlhetse ditokomane tse di neng di amana le go dirwa ga dithunyi, buka-nanêô ya loeto lwa Mandela lwa Afrika le dikwalo tsa memorandum – 'Operation Mayibuye' – o o neng o fana ka thulaganyo e e kgonegang ya ntwa-kgatlhanong ya guerrilla.
Kgolego ya Botshelo-jotlhe
Ka Diphalane 1963 Mandela o ne a tliswa go tswa kwa kgolegelong go golagana le balatofatswa ka ênê ba le robedi mo tshekong mabapi le tshenyetso, leano la go diga puso ka dikgoka, le go thusa masole a dinagantle go tlhasela Afrika Borwa a tlhometse.
Molaetsa wa Mandela go tswa kwa kgotlatshekelo e ne e le, “Ke Ipaakanyeditse Go Swa” mme wa amogela phasalalo lefatshe ka bophara.
Ka di 12 Seetebosigo 1964, balatofatswa botlhe ba ne ba atlholelwa botshelo-jotlhe kwa kgolegelong. Bosigo jo bo latelang Mandela o ne a fofisetswa kwa Cape Town mo tseleng ya go ya kwa kgolegelong ya Robben Island kwa a tshwerweng teng go fitlha ka Moranang 1982, fa a ne a fetisetswa kwa kgolegelong ya Pollsmoor gaufi le Cape Town.
Lenanêô le le golo la 'Release Mandela' le ne la simololwa ka 1982, mo Afrika Borwa le kwa ntle. Dinaga tse di ntsi di ne tsa tsenya kgatelelô mo pusong ya Afrika Borwa go golola Mandela, yo ka nako eo e neng e le motshwarwa wa sepolotiki yo o tumileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng.
Translated by Nchema Rapoo
Mme pele ga gore ba dire sepe, ba ne ba tshwanetse ke go mo tshwara, ka jalo seo se nnile ntlhakgolo ya mapodisi a mantsi mme Mandela o ne a...