Kutfolwa kwe Tingobiyane

©Nigel Dennis
Tingobiyane te Chacma (Papio Ursunis) a tikavami kubanesandla nekulahleka kwetilwane tekufuywa, kepha letilibutfo tingavama kwenta umonakalo lowengcele emasimini emagilebisi, etibhidvweni nasensimini yetitselo. Tivela etigodzini letehlukahlukene tase Ningizimu Afrika yonkhe, ngaphandle kwe Namaqualand Sandveld lapho kukhona indzawo lencane yato kutsi tingabhaca ebusuku.
Titsatsele kahle endzaweni lenebantfu, lenebantfu labapha tingobiyane lokwenta lokuhlangana kwebantfu nekudla kanye nekukhuluma kutsi tingobiyane tisetulu kunebantfu, kusuka etingobiyaneni letikhulako letivama kutsatsa kudla kuleto letikhula kancane.
Tingobiyane tinemphumulo lendze lefana neyetinja kantsi futsi tiyafana ngelibala lelimphunga lodvute nelibala lelimnyama noma mphunga-lonsundvu, kanye nekushwaphana lokumnyama kanye neboya lobumnyama etandleni tato nasetinyaweni. Tingobiyane letinkhulu. Ngekusho kwe Predation Management Manual – Kunakekelwa kwe Tilwane Lokubhalwephansi, letindvuna tikala emasentimitha lalikhulu nemashumi lamabili kuya ekhulwini nemashumi lasitfupha ngekululeka, tinesisindvo lesima kg lamashumi lamabili nesihlanu kuya kumashumi lamane nesihlanu phindze tinematinyo lakhaliphile, netinwele letindze ngemuva kwentsamo nasemahlombe.
Lemisila yato ingaba ngemasentimitha lamashumi lasiphohlongo nesitfupha ngebudze bemasentimitha. Letinsikati tingemasentimitha lalikhulu kuya ekhulwini nemashumi lamabili ngebudze bese tikala lishumi nakubilli kuya emashumini lamabili ema kg. lemisila yato ikala emkhatsini wemasentimitha lamashumi lasihlanu kuya kumashumi lasitfupha.
Tingobiyane tibasesigabeni sekukhula nasetifike eminyakeni lesihlanu budzala bese tihlangana umnyaka wonkhe. Sikhatsi letisimitsako tinyanga letisitfupha budze bese bantfwaba bato balunyulwa ngemuva kwetinyanga letisitfupha kepha tihlala titsembele kubomake bato ngekuvikelwa tize tibe yiminyaka lemibili budzala. Bobabe bato ngubona banekuvikela lokuphakeme ngebantfwana babo futsi bavame kugadza bantfwababo, abelomake ayaluka kudla.
Letindvuna lesetikhulile tivama kushiya emabutfo ato besetiyotama kungenela lamanye emabutfo nasetifike emnyakeni weminyaka lesikhombisa ngebudzala, lekusita kutsi kungabi nekuhlangana lokuningi. Letindvuna tisheshe tilimale kakhulu futsi tivame kubonakala tijakile ngesikhatsi tifuna libutfo lelisha. Ngesikhatsi umholi – abita lelendvuna – uyatijika, lomholi lomusha angabulala bonkhe bantfwana bebaholi baphambilini. Kungabikho umntfwana lomunyiswako, leletinsikati tisheshe tilungele kukhicita futsi. Tingobiyane tingakhula tibe neminyaka lemashumi lamane ngebudzala.

Indlela yekuBulala nekupha Kudla

©Roger de la Harpe
Emabutfo angabeketelelwa aze abetingobiyane letimbalwa njengesikhombisa kuya kuletilikhulu futsi nangetulu, nemakhaya lahambela emkhatsini wa 1,5 km² kuya ku 40 km², ngekusho kwe Endangered Wildlife Trust. Emabutfo lamakhulu/lamadzala avama kuba nemakhaya lamakhulu aphindze ahambele ngetisindvo letiphansi, abe emabutfo lavumelekile kulizinga leliphakeme lekudla kanye netintfo avama kutfola emakhaya lamancane lahambela esisindvweni lesisetulu.
Tingobiyane tivama kusebenta ngesikhatsi sasemini bese ahlala etihlahleni noma emadvwaleni ngaphambi kwekushona kwelilanga.
Tingobiyane tilwane letidla titjalo netilwane letinye, kudla kwato titjalo letitihlumele. Kutingela kuyintfo lengumsebenti lokhweshile waletindvuna, ngekusho kwe Predation Management Manual – Kunakekelwa Kwetilwane Lokubhalwe phansi. Kute indlela lebekiwe yekubulala, kepha tilwane tivama kufa ngenca yetilondza letiningi. Timvu lesetikhulile tivame kujikwa phindze tishaywe etifubeni, tibe timvu letincane tingavulwa tivuleke.
Indlela letitiphatsa ngayo natidla ibudlabha, netilwane letisuswa sikhumba kuze kufike entsanyeni nasendzaweni lesenhloko. Tivame kucala kudla lubisi lwase siswini, ematfumbu ayasuswa bese lesikumba siyadzatjulwa kwentela kunika lokugudlutela. Timbambo, tinso, sibindzi, emaphaphu kanye nenhlitiyo nako kuyadliwa.

Kunakekela

©Peter Delaney
Tingobiyane tilwane letihlakaniphe kakhulu, ngisho ngoba tisheshe tifundze kwengcisa phindze tidoje lokuvaliwe. Fenisi wagesi, umsindvo, kuvalelwa kwetilwane, kusetjentiswa kwemelusi kanye netilwane letigadzako tingasita kuviekla kulahlekelwa, kepha lucwalingo lolusha lutfole kufana kutsi akusebenti etingobiyaneni, ikakhulu uma tisetjentiswa etindzaweni letisemadolobheni lapho khona letingobiyane setijwayele kukhanya lokwentiwa ngemafasitelo.
Lomtsetfo lokhona kumele utsintselwe imvumo yekucipha noma kudubula tingobiyane. Tilwane letivikelekile eWestern Cape, ngakoke bafuyi kulesifundza bangakhona kudubula timbili tingobiyane ngelilanga endzaweni yabo ngaphandle nabanayo imvumo yekudubula ngetulu kwatimbili.
Kudutjulwa kwetingobiyane kungahle “kubuye emuva,” ngekukhokha imiphumela yase juvenile “labadzelelako” batsatsa indzawo. Ngekuya kwe Tinkinga te Tingobiyane, kubulawa kwalendvuna kungenta umsindvo kulelibutfo futsi kungenta intfo lencane, kunakekela lokuncane kwelibutfo lelakh emaphathi ekuhlasela.

Translated by Phindile Malotana