UkutIhadlhulwa kwaMabhabhuni

©Nigel Dennis
Amabhabhuni womhlobo we-Chacma (Papio Ursunis) akakavamisi ukudla ifuyo, nanyana ukuyeba kodwana imihlambi yawo ingabanga umonakalo omkhulu emvinini, emirorhweni kanye nengadini zokudla. Akhona eemfundeni ezihlukahlukeneko zeSewula Africa, ngaphandle kwe-Namaqualand Sandveld ngebanga lokobana inarha le yincani kobana angazifihla ebusuku.
Ajwayele inarha etjhugululwe babantu Lula, ngebanga lokobana abantu bawapha ukudla, sele ahlobanisa ukuba khona kwabantu nokudla, begodu kwenza bona ikolelo yokobana iimfene ziphezulu kunabantu, ngebanga lokobana iimfene ezinamandla zivamise ukuthathela lezo ezinganamandla ukudla.
Iimfenezi zinepumulo efana neyezinja enombala osamlotha koke nanyana opheze ubenzima nanyana umbala onzotho, zinomgogodlha onzima kanye noboya obunzima ezandleni nenyaweni. Zizimfene ezikulu. Ngokuya kokwemanuwali ye-Predation Management Manual, eziduna zinobudisi obuyi-120 cm ukuya ku-160 cm, nobudisi obuyi-25 kg ukuya ku-45 kg kanye namazinyo abukhali njengotjhefanal, anebala elinzima emahlombe kanye nemahlombe. Imisila yazo inobude obuyi-86 cm ngobude. Ezisikazi zinobude obuyi-100 cm ukuya 120 cm ngobude nobudisi obuyi-12 kg ukuya ku-20 kg. Imisila yazo inobukhulu obuyi-50 cm ukuya ku-60 cm.
Iimfene zilungela ukuya emsemeni lokha nazineminyaka emihlanu ubudala begodu ziya unyaka woke emsemeni. Zizithwala iinyanga ezisithandathu, amasana wazo abelethwe ngemva kwenyanga ezisithandathu kodwana asathembele kubomma bawo kobana babavikele zize zibeneminyaka emibili ubudala. Aboyise babavikela khulu begodu kwesinye isikhathi bayagada abentwana, lokha abomma bazo bayokuzuma ukudla.
Amabhabhuni amadala avamise ukutjhiya iinqhema zawo abelethelwe kizo begodu alinga ukuhlangana nezinye iinqhema lokha nakaneminyaka elikhomba ubudala, okuwarhelebha kobana ingabelethi khulu. Aduna alimala Lula khulu begodu akanamirhwa lokha nakafuna iinqhema ezitja. Lokha umdosiphambili wazo – asuswa esikhundleni, umdosiphambili omutjha angabulala boke abadosi phambili baphambilini bemfene ezincani. Nange kungana sana lebhabhuni elimunyako, ibhabhuni esikazi ilungela ukubeletha godu. Amabhabhuni angakhula abeneminyaka eyi-40 ubudala.

Iphetheni Yokubulala Neyokudla

©Roger de la Harpe
Iinqhema zawo zingaba hlangana kwemabhabhuni alikhomba ukuya kwalikhulu nanyana amanengi ukudlula layo, kunalezo zekhaya ezihlangana kwe 1.5 km² ukuya ku-40 km², ngokuya kwe-The Endangered Wildlife Trust. Imihllambi emikhulu inalezo zekhaya ezinengi begodu azisizinengi khulu, lokha imihlambi ethola ukudla kwekhwalithi ephambili kanye nensetjenziswa iba nemindeni emincani.
Amabhabhuni azuma emini beze ebusuku alala emithini nanyana alale ngaophambi kokobana ilanga litjhinge. Lokha amabhabhuni adla inyama kanye nentjalo, ukudla kwawo kanengi kuzintjalo.
Ukuzuma kwenziwa ngilayo aduna kwaphela, ngokuya ngokwe-Predation Management Manual. Akalandeli iphetheni ethize lokha nakabulalako, kodwana islwane esizunywe ngiwo, sivamise ukubulawa manceba ahukahlukeneko. Izimvu ezikhulu ziphoselwa le, zilunywe isifuba, lokha ezimvana zivulwa phakathi.
Indlela ezidla ngayo iyikahlwengeki, iinlwane ezizunywe zabanjwa zisuswa isikhumba sifikiswe entanyeni nehloko. Zithoma ukudla amathumbu, ngokuwakhupha, zidabule iskhumba ukuze zithole amahlalo weslwaneso. Imbambo, izinso, amaphaphu kanye nehliziyo nazo ziyadliwa.

Ukuzitlhogomela

©Peter Delaney
Amabhabhuni zinlwane ezihlakaniphe khulu, ngikho zifunda msinya ukuhlula iimvimbelo zazo. Amafensi wegezi, itjhada kanye nokuvalelwa kwefuyo, ukusetjenziswa kwabelusi kanye nokugada ifuyo kungarhelebha kobana zingadali umonakalo, kodwana irhubhululo elitjha sele lithole kobana ama-PRISM akhanyako akathusi amabhabhuni, khulukhulu lokha nakasetjenziswa eendaweni ezimadorobha lapha amabhabhuni sele ajwayele khona umkhanyo ovela emafesiderini.
Kufanele uthinte iimphathimthetho lokha nawufuna iimvume yokuthiya nanyana ukudumuza amabhabhuni, ngombana azilwane ezivikelwako esifundeni se-Western Cape, njeke abafuyi besifundesi bagadumuza amabhabhuni amabili kwaphela ngelanga asenarheni yabo, ngaphandle kwalokha banemvume yokobana bawadumuze.
Ukudumuza amabhabhuni kungenza bona umraro ukhule, ngombana kungabuya amabhabhuni amancani ngobunengi sele angalawuleki akwatile adale umonakalo omkhulu, ngokuya kwe-Baboon Matters.

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana