Ukutjala ama-cherry asudu, ama-Prunus avium kuza nentjhijilo ezimbalwa. Akusikungebanga lokobana kuyabiza kwaphela ukuthoma ingadi yawo ekungakudla hlangana kwe-R250 000 - R300 000/ha ngonyaka ka-2018, kodwana umkhiqizo ongakajwayeleki kanye nemiraro yokuzwela kobujamo behlabathi kanye nobezulu.
Ama-cherry asitjalo esijamiselelako, akhiqiza isivuno esiphezulu ngonyaka lo, kuthi ngonyaka olandelako akhiqize esincani. Ezinye iintjalo ezitjalwa ngomncopho wokujamiselela, ma-olives, malamula, ma-apula kanye namantongomani.
Ukulima Ama-Cherries
Ama-cherry amila eendaweni ezithize kwaphela eSewula Africa. Athanda iindawo ezimakhaza ebusika begodu akathathi ihlobo elitjhisako, umoya nanyana umbethe. Ukungezelela, imithi yama-cherry iyazwela lokha nayithola amalwelwe wentjalo afaka hlangana i-phytophthora kanye ne-bollworm. Iinyoni ziyawathanda begodu zingadla i-105 yawo. Ukutjala ama-cherry ngaphasi kwenedi kuyawurarulula umraro lo. Nange atjhiswe lilanga khulu kungabangela kobana abanjwe bulwelwe bemilwane eletha inkakere. Ama-cherry imirabhu yayo ithanda ukubola beegodu athanda ihlabathi engakahlangani khulu ene-pH eyi-6.
Ngokuya ngakwakasosayensi wehlabathi u-Nelius Kapp cherries, ngebanga kokobana azinthelo eziwisa amakari qobe nyaka, angatlhoga i-nitrogen, potassium kanye ne-phosphorus. Kuqakathekile kobana uwafake ne-boron, zinc kanye ne-manganese. Ihlabathi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-foliar kuzokutjengisa kobana utlhoga ukufaka kangangani.
Iindawo ezina izulu lebusika eSewula Africa ama-cherry atlhoga kobana athelelelwe ngemva kokuwatjala begodu kanye nekhwalithi yenthelo kodwana akatlhogi amanzi amanengi, amanzi ewatlhogaka mancani nge-50% kunalawo afakwa emahekutheni wama apula, ukwenza isibonelo. Ukuthelelela nge-drip irrigation ufake izakhimzimba emanzini kuyathandwa kunalokha nawuthelelela nge-micro irrigation engarholela ekutheni kube nomonakalo esiqwini.
Imithi yama-cherry ingathengwa enezari; khetha imithi enemirabhu emihle efana nemithi yomhlobo we-Gisela engasabi ubuhlobo nanyana i-Malaheb. Sele likhuphuka izinga lokusebenzisa umhlobo we-Maxima.
Ama-cherry asudu atlhoga i-cross pollination, njeke hlanganisa imihlobo yawo nawuwathengako. Tjala imihlobo erhona ukupholineyithana lokha nawutjala umuthi wesibilii ukuya kwewesihlanu. Ama-cherry aswriri, kusetjenziswa iinyosi ezilithoba qobe hekuthara emthini munywe we-cherry ngemva kweminyaka eesithandathu ukuya kwelikhomba.
Umuthi uthoma ukukhiqiza iinthelo ngemva kweminyaka emithathu kancani, ingalindeleka ukukhiqiza iinthelo ezinengi ngemva kweminyaka esithandathu ukuya kwelikhomba.
Ukuvuna Ama-Cherry
Ama-cherry azinthelo ezingakhethi ukobana zimila ngasiphi iskhathi sonyaka - lokhu kutjho bona akhiwa sele avuthwe besu, begodu akasabe asavuthwa nakaqeda ukuvunwa. Iintjalo zama-cherry zivuthwa iskhathi esifitjhani. Ama-cherry eSewula Africa avunwa kusukela eemvekeni eziyi-41, nekuyiveke yesibili yango-Sewula bese kuqedwa ukuwavuna ngemva kwemveke eziyi-51 ukuya ekugcineni kwakaNobayeni, kodwana imihlobo ethize evunwa lada ingavunwa kuze kube ngutjhirhweni phakathi.
Ukukha ama-cherry kubudisi ngebanga lokobana akhiwa ngezandla asese nesiqu. Invade ingakhiwa kasithandathu ngesikhathi sawo. Ama-cherry avuthiweko atlhoga ukupholiswa ku-0.5°C msinya ngendlela ekungarhonakala ngayo, lokh kuvamise kobana kwenziwe ngokobana kusetjenziswe i-hydro cooler.
Amazinga amahle wokuwabeka ngahlangana kwe-0.5°C anobuswe obuyi-95%. Ngebanga lokobana bola msinya, aneskhumba esithambileko, abola msinya, begodu avuthwa namsinya, ama-cherry amanengi weSewula Africa asaba umoya, nange athunyelwe ngaselwandle, kuqakathekile kobana amanzinga womtjhiso angadluli i-0℃. Angabekwa iskhathi esingaba yi-malanga ayi-21 uwakhile uwathengisela abathengi.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana