I-Dragon fruit sthelo esitjalwa iphasi loke zombelele, lapha itlayimedi yokutjala iinthelwezi ifaneleka khona. Ekubalwa inarha yeSewula Africa, lapha umkhiqizo othunyelwa kwezinye iinarha zangaphandle westhelwesi ukhula khulu. Inarha yange-Vietnam ikhamba phambili ngokukhiqiza isthelwesi esaziwa ngokobana yi-pitaya.
Itjalwa njani i-Dragon Fruit
Imila kuhle lokha nayitjalwe ngokobana ithathwe komunye umuthi we-Dragon fruit.
Istjalwesi sithanda ihlabathi engabambi amanzi, efakwe ikhompowusti kuhle eendaweni ezifuthumeleko ezinezulu okungasenani eliyi-400 mm ukuya ku-1 500 mm ngonyaka. Nange utjale iintjalo ezinengi emahekuthareni ayi-1 250 ungarhona ukuzilawula msinya, eenkhaleni eziyi-4 m x 2.5 kuya ku-5 m x 2.5 m, okuya ngesistimu ye-trellising esetjenziswako.
Iziqu ezidege zomuthi westhelwesi zikhula zifike emamitheni amane,ngeskhathi sokuyitjala sinye begodu kutlhogakala kobana zithwasiselwe ukobana zintantele ipali linye elinobude obuyi-1.8 yamamitha. Amapali asekela istjalwesi begodu ipali linye lingasekela iintjalo ezine ukuya kwezintanthu.
Ngaphasi kobujamo beSewula Africa, khulukhulu eendaweni ezinezulu eliphasi kwe-400 mm ngonyaka, kubalulekile kobana i-dragon fruit ithelelelwe okwenza bona ikhiqize iinthelo ezikulu.
Iintjalo ze-dragon fruit ziba zihle nazivundiswako.
Ukupholinethiwa Kwamathuthumbo we-Dragon Fruit
Iintjalo ze-dragon fruit zithuthumba ubusuku bunye kwaphela begodu ngokwemvelo zipholinethwa bomaphelaphelani kanye namaviyaviyani. Kutholakele bona ukupholonethiwa kwentjalo zama-dragon fruit ngezandla kungezelela ubukhulu besithelo, kodwana iinyosi nazo ziyayipholenetha imithi yama-dragon fruit. Amathuthumbo athoma ukuvuleka ngo-18:00 wentambama avaleke ngo11:00 wangakusasa emini, atjhiya iskhathi esaneleko sokobana iinyosi zithome ukusebenzisa ipoleni eregileko yamathuthumbo we-dragon fruit. Amathuthumbo waso anobukhulu obufinyelela ku-30 cm ngaphakathi ane-pollen eyi-100 g, njeke ukuhlanganisa ukutjala i-dragon fruit nokufuya iinyosi kungakhambisana kuyelelisa u-Max van Heerden otjala ama-Dragon fruit eSewula Africa
Umkhanyo kanye netlayimede zigcugcuzela ukuthuthumba kwentjalo ze-dragon fruit ezitlhoga ama-iri ayi-12 ukuya kwayi-14 welanga qobe langa, njeke umkhanyo wokuzenzela ungasetjenziswa ukungezelela kobana amathuthumba thuthumbe. ESewula Africa lokhu kuyabiza begodu akurhonakali, kodwana i-Amorentia Estate & Nursey eseLimpopo iyakwenza. Kukhanyizwa ama-iri amabili ukuya kwamathathu eenarheni ezise-Vietnam lapha ukuvala kwamafu ehlobo kwenza bona ilanga lingafiki kuhle eentjalwenezi.
Iintjhabalalisi kanye Namalwelwe Wenthelo ze-Dragon Fruit
Iintjalo ze-dragon fruit ziyazwela lokha nazithola ilanga khulu, umbethe kanye namanzi amanengi nanyana ihlabathi elidaka. Iye, ifuyo, iinyoni kanye nemfene ziyasithanda isthelwesi kanye namakaraso begodu iintjalo ze-dragon fruit kutlhogeka kobana zitjwalwe ngaphasi kwenethi eyenza umthunzi ukuzivikela eenyonini kanye nekoniweni sinanja. ESewula Africa, inedi yomthunzi abayisebenzisi khulu eenthelwenezi.
Irhubhululo leSewula Africa ligcile ekulawuleni iinntjhabalalisini kanye namalwelwe enzeka lokha nakutjalwe isthelwesi. Hlangana kwentjhabalalisi kubalwa, imikhaza, iintjhotjhwani, iinunwana ezihlala emaskeyilini, amakhondlo, iimpukani zenthelo ama-mealy bugs, iinthuthuthu, ama-slugs, boreskanye nama-nematode.
Amalwelwe we-dragon fruit afaka hlangana ukubola kwesiqu, Anthracnose (ebanga iinlonda ezinzotho ngombala) kanye nama-fungal pathogens afana ne-Fusarium spp kanye ne-Aspergillus spp. Ukungezelela, isthelo i-dragon fruit sithandwa zimpukani zenthelo begodu singalatjhwa nge-radiation yomoya otjhisako ukusibulala amagciwani. ESewula Africa, ukusebenzisa isithiyo sempukani zenthelo nakho kuyasebenza.
Umraro omkhulu owona ikhwalithi eendabeni zokuthuthela i-dragon fruit eenarheni zangaphandle kulimala kwayo kanye nokobana ingenwe zinkowani ezihlobana ngokobana iithelwesi sivuthwe khulu.
Ukuvunwa Kwesthelo se-Dragon Fruit
Lokha isthelo nasikhulako, sithoma ukutjhuguluka umbala emalangeni ayi-26-30 ngemva kokupholinethiwa. Singalungela ukuvunwa emalangeni ayi-30-34, ngemva kwalokho isthelo sele sitjhugulule umbala. Ukubonakala kobana isthelo siyavuthwa sibonwa ngombala, nge-asidi yaso epheleleko kanye neleveli yeswigiri (emedwa nge-ºBrix) kodwana ukulinganiseka hlangana kwe-asidi kanye neleveli yeswigiri kuqiniseka kobana inambitheka kamnandi, kutjho u-Howard Blight we-Amorentia Estate & Nursery ngesifundeni sangeLimpopo.
Ngemva kokusivuna ngezandla, isthelo se-dragon siyahlanzwa sifakwe esibulalini samagciwani, bese sihlukaniswa ngokuya ngobukhulu baso. Isthelwesi siyakhethwa ngokuya ngokobana sonakele njani ukwenza Isibonelo, sinempukani zenthelo, iintjhotjhwani, i-shrivel, umbala weskhumba kanye nombalaso nobujamo bamaskeyili waso.
Iintjalwezi zithela iinthelo qobe ngemva kweminyaka emibili zitjaliwe ngemva kwalokho zithome ukukhiqiza iinthelo ezinengi ngemva komnyaka oyi-5. Okuya ngokobana mhlobo bani westhelo kanye nobujamo bentjalo zaso, singakhiqiza amatani ayi-15 ukuya kwayi-35 yamahekuthara njengombana kulindelwe.
Indlela Zokutlhogonyelwa Kwesthelo se-Dragon Fruit Ngemva Kokuvunwa
Ama-dragon fruit athunyelwa eenarheni zangaphandle angapakwa emanethini amhlophe we-polystyrene, afana newamapopo, aphuthelwe ngembapiri, apakwa emakhathonini esipara nanyana kuma-punnet. UKwenzela bona arhone ukubonakala kuhle emavikilini, isthelo sedragon fruit singapakwa sibe nobudisi obuyi-10 kg.
Isthelo se-dragon fruit sirhona ukuhlala isikhathi esingaba zimveke ezilisumi ematjhelifini lokha sibekwe ku-10ºC. Lokha nayithunyelwa eenarheni zangaphandle kutlhogeka kobana ibekwe kusukela ku-3ºC ukuya ku-5ºC amalanga ahlangana kwayi-27 kanye nayi-42.
Ukobana isthelwesi singonakali msinya kungalawulwa lapha sibekwe khona, lokha iinkwama ezenzelwe kobana iinthelo ze-dragon fruit zingaboli msinya zidlale amalanga ayi-42 nazo zingasetjenziswa.
Nange i-dragon fruit ivuthwe khulu, kungenziwa ngayo Ijuzi kanye nentanga zesithelo, ezingasetjenziselwa ukwenza imikhiqizo engenisa inzuzo efana newayini, amaroli wenthelo kanye nejemu. Iindawo zokudlela ezifana ne-Kauai kanye ne-Starbucks zisebenzisa isthelo se-dragon fruit ukwenza ama-smoothies nezinye iinselo.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana