Athelelelwa nini amadlelo begodu atlhoga amanzi angangani? Kuyatlhogakala bona uthelelele na? Okuya ngokobana kusendaweni enjani, izulu lingakunikeza ubuswe obaneleko bentjalo ezithize, kodwana ngenkhathi zokutjhuguluka kwephetheni yobujamo bezulu, ukuthelelela kuvamise ukutlhoga kobana kungezelelwe lizulu.
Amanzi amanengi bgaphandle kokobana ayabiza begodu ayonakala, angona izakhimzimba zehlabathi begodu azale ehlabathini. Naka mancani khulu angona ukukhula kwamadlelo.
Iintlhogakalo Zokuthelelelwa Kwamadlelo Atjaliweko
I-Clover
I-clover itjalwa eendaweni ezifaneleka kobana kungatjalwa khona utjani bomhlobo we-rye. Lokha kutlhogakala i-clover emhlophe kanye nebomvu begodu itlhoga izulu eliyi-800 mm ngonyaka. Ukuthelelela kutlhoga amanzi ayi-25 -50 mm ngonyaka.
I-balansa clover ingatjalwa lapha kunezulu eliyi-350 mm lokha i-Berseem clover itlhoga izulu eliyi-600 mm, nanyana elingaphasi kwalelo elingezelelwa ngokuthelelelwa.
I-Cock’s foot
I-cook‘s foot ikhula kuhle eendaweni ezinobujamo bezulu obupholileko lapha kunezulu eliyi-900 mm. Iba yihle lokha nayithelelelwako kodwana ayibi yihle njengamadlelo atjaliweko.
I-Eragrostis tef
Akutlhogakali kobana kuthelelelwe i-tef ngebanga lokobana ikhula kuhle ebujameni bezulu lapha inarha yome khulu nanyana lapha izulu lidlula i-400 mm.
I-Fescue
I-Fescue ivamise ukutjalwa eendaweni ezina izulu khulu begodu ziletha inzuzo lokha nazithelelelwako ebusika lokha nakumakhaza nehlobo lokha nakuna izulu. Ifaneleka ukutjalwa ehlabathini emanzi
Utjani be-Foxtail buffalo
Ayisaba lapha kome khona, i-foxtail ikhula ebujameni bezulu obuhlangana lapha kunezulu eliyi-100 mm – ukuya ku-1000 mm ngonyaka, kodwana ayifuni ihlabathi ezele amanzi.
Nayingathelelelwa kuhle, iintjalo zayo zingavunwa kuze kube kasumi esikhathini sonyoka amalanga ahlangana kwayi-35 ukuya kwayi-40.
I-Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)
Itlhoga amanzi angaphezu kwayi-500 mm ngonyaka ukobana imile beyikhule kuhle.
Utjani be-Kikuyu
Itlhoga izulu elidlula eliyi-750 mm kobana imile kuhle, kodwana ingamila eendaweni ezinganazulu kuhle lapha ukuthelelela kutlhogakala bona kwenziwe khona.
I-Lucern
Istjalo esifaneleke eendaweni ezomileko ezinezulu elingaphasi kwe-500 mm, amadlelo we-lucerne abangcono lokha nakathelelelwako.
I-Paspalum
Ingathelelelwa nanyana itjalwe eendaweni ezinobujamo bezulu obomileko lapha izulu liyi-650 mm.
Utjani be-Rhodes
Utjanobu bukhula ngokemvelo eendaweni ze-Eastern Cape kodwana ikhula nendaweni ezinezulu eli-400 mm - 1 000 mm.
Utjani be-Ryegrass (ngonyaka)
Akakafaneleki eendaweni ezomileko. I-ryegass kutlhogeka kobana itjalwe eendaweni ezinezulu lehlobo eliyi-1000 mm. Kuphakanyiswa kobana kuthelelelwe ngamanzi ayi-25 mm ngemva kwamalanga ayi-4 ukuya kwayi-5 nange kutjalwe ngoTjhirhweni/Mhlolanja ngemva kwalokho kufakwe amanzi ayi-25 mm ngeveke buze bukhule.
Ujani be-Ryegrass (perennial)
Ifaneleke kobana ingakhiqizwa eendaweni ezipholileko lapha izulu lirhatjheka unyaka woke lidlule i-1000 mm.
Utjani be-Smuts finger
Itjalwa eendaweni ezomileko begodu ithanda izulu lehlobo eliyi-500 mm. Ayikafaneleki ehlabahini ezele amanzi.
Amabele
Sitjalo esingasabi iindawo ezomileko, amabele afaneleke kobana angatjalwa emadlelweni esendaweni ezomileko nanyana lapha kunezulu eliyi-400 mm nanyana elidlula lelo.
Babala nanyana i-pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)
Sitjalo esingasabi isomiso, utjani be-babala bufaneleke eendaweni ezomileko nanyana eendaweni ezinezulu eliyi-400 mm nanyana elidlula lelo. Ayithandi indawo ezinehlabathi emanzi.
Utjani i-Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula)
Utjani i-lovegrass buthanda ihlabathi elula kanye nezulu elidlula i-650 mm kodwana nanyana izulu lingaba yi-450 mm buyaphila. Ungathelelela ungezelele amanzi wezulu.
Uwuthelelela Nini Amadlelo
Ukobana kuthelelelwa kangangani kuya ngokobana muhlobo muphi wentjalo, ukuba khona kwamanzi, ihlabathi injani, ukutjhingela kwemirabhu yamadlelo. Irhubhululo lamanzi elenziwe yi-Water Research Council (WRC) liphakamisa kobana lokha nakuthelelelwako, ihlabathi ilethwe emasimini. Lokhu kutjho bona kufanele kuthelelelwe isikhathi.
Eskhathini esinengi ifakwa lada khulu ekungarholela ekubambezelekeni ekuvundiseni kwe-nitrogen. Kuvamise kobana usivundisi ifakwe ngemva kokobana amadlelo adliwe nanyana asikelwe ihoyi ngaphambi kokobana kuthelelelwe.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana