Ama-pickles kukudla okukhenwa ngokufakwa emanzini ene-esidi nofana itswayi ukuvikela ukonakala. Kubuye kurhelebhe ukubulunga kunye nokutjhugulula indlela ukudla enambitheka ngayo nofana ephatheka ngayo.
Ukukhena Ngendlela ye-Pickling vs Ukubilisela
Umehluko hlangana nokudla okukhenwe ngendlela ye-pickiling nokubiliselweko kukobana imikhiqizo e-pickled ayidluli ekambisweni yokwenza yokubila ebangelwa ma-microbes anenzuzo. Imikhiqizo ebiliselweko ingakghona ukukheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling ifakwe emanzini anetswayi neviniga ngemva kwekambiso yokwenza yokubila.
(Isihloko esikhuluma ngokubila kukhulunyiwe ngaso komunye umtlolo ndaba omfitjhani emlandelandeni wesihloko se-Food Processing).
Ukudla Okukhenwe Ngendlela ye-Pickling
Pheze yoke imirorho, kunye nezinye iinthelo nokhunye ukudla, kungakheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling.
Imirorho eyaziwa khulu bona ingakheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling ifaka hlangana ama-bhedirude (asuswa isikhumba sangaphandle), amakhukhamba, ama-artichokes, ama-peppers, ama-capers, i-okra, ama-radishes kunye nama-anyanisi.
Amatamati womhlobo wama-cherry angakheniwa aphelele ngendlela ye-pickiling, amakherotsi angahlutjwa amakelo asikelelwe enziwe amarondo nofana ama-matchsticks, besekuthi imirorho yombala ohlaza satjani efana nama-asparagus nofana iimbontjisi iyakokiswa imizuzu eembalwa bese ipholiswa emanzini amakhaza ngaphambili kobana ifakwe ku-pickling brine okumanzi anetswayi neviniga we-pickling.
Iinthelo ezikhenwe ngendlela ye-pickling ezifana nama-abhula, amaperegisi (zikokiswa isikhatjhana ukususa amakelo), amaswiri, amakhabe, amapenabhula kunye nefeya. Okhunye ukudla okungazuza ngokukheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling kufaka hlangana ama-nasturtiums, fiddlehead ferns, inyama efana nenyama yefarigi neyefesi kunye ne-tofu namaqanda.
Abanye abapheki bafaka ibhedirude ku-pickling brine yamaqanda abhoyiliweko ukwenza bona amaqanda abenombala opinki ngaphandle. Balekela ukusebenzisa amakelo webhedirude njengombana azokutjhugulula amanzi we-pickle abezotho.
I-Achar kukudla kwama-Indian okuneempaysi okukheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling eyenziwe ngeviniga, i-mustard nofana amafutha we-sesame, iinthelo (e.g. umengo onombala ohlaza satjani, amapenabhula, ikalaga) kunye nemirorho (e.g. amakherotsi, ikhabitjhi) inungwe ngamaspaysi anebilibili.
Yenziwa njani I-Pickle
Indlela yokwenza i-pickling ilula; kudingeka i-pickling brine okumanzi anetswayi nokudla okuzokukheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling. Hlamba iimumathi kuhle ufake phakathi imikhiqizo oyoyikhena ngendlela ye-pickling. Thela amanzi anetswayi atjhisako phezulu ubese uvala isimumathi singangeni umoya. Sipholise ngemva kokusivala bewusibulunge endaweni epholileko enzima.
Amanye-amaresipu adinga bona kufakwe imirorho efretjhi emanzini atjhisako anetswayi okuyi-pickling brine. Lomvango ubese ayasefiwa (kutjhiywe amanzi anetswayi i-pickling brine), imirorho lena izaliswa eemmumathini lapho i-pickling brine izokuthelwa khona.
Amaresipu ayahlukahlukana kodwana amaresipu ajayelekileko we-pickling brine ahlanganisa ngokulingana amanzi neviniga nesweigiri (ongayifaka nakufuna wena) kunye netswayi bese umvango lona uyakokiswa. Iimpaysi ezifana nama-peppercorns, imbewu eyonyisiweko ye-coriander, ama-bay leaves kunye nama-mustard seeds nofana isipaysi esikhethekileko se-pickling singafakwa.
Abanye abapheki bafaka ibhedirude ku-pickling brine yamaqanda abhoyiliweko ukwenza bona amaqanda abenombala opinki ngaphandle. Balekela ukusebenzisa amakelo webhedirude njengombana azokutjhugulula amanzi we-pickle abenombala ozotho.
Sebenzisa itswayi lokukhena nofana lokukhena ngendlela ye-pickling. Amanye amatswayi amumethe iimvangeleli ama-additives angenza bona umkhiqizo wemaphethelweni ubonakale unekungu. Ungasebenzisi itswayi le-‘reduced-sodium’.
Iviniga emhlophe, i-apple cider, iwayini emhlophe, kunye ne-rice vinegar ena-5 yamaphesente we-esidi zoke zisebenza kuhle kodwana balekela ukusebenzisa i-balsamic vinegar. Iimviniga ezimhlophe angeze zibangele ukutjhuguluka kombala, yi-cider vinegar etjhugulula umbala, nanoma inomnambitheko ozwakala kancani, yenza ukudla oku-pickled kube nombala onzima.
I-Acetic acid esevinigeni yehlisa ama-micro-organisms abolisako, begodu netswayi limumethe i-calcium, belenza nokobana imikhiqizo e-pickled ipupureke.
Iinthelo nofana imirorho ingakeliwa (esikhathini esinengi ingasuswa amakelo ngokobana ikokiswe imizuzwana eembalwa) ibese iyakelwa yenziwe iintokana ezincani ezingaba marondo. Imikhiqizo eminengi esikelelwe yaba ziintokana ezincani yenza kube lula ukumunya amanzi we-pickling.
Ukudla okufretjhi nokusesekuncani khulu ekusetjenziswa ku-pickling, ngikho okupupureka khulu nasele kwenziwe i-pickle.
Ukuphuma Kombala Wamagaligi a-Pickled
Igaligi imumethe ama-enziyamu isoallin asebenza ne-esidi atjhugulula igaligi-epickled ayenze ibenombala ongasuthi uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-nohlaza satjani. Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza satjani ubuye ubangelwe kusetjenziswa kwama-metals athileko afana ne-khopha kunye ne-cast iron lokha ngesikhathi seprosesi yokuphekwa.
Khetha amagaligi asele amadala (ane-isoallin encani) lokha nakakheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling, sebenzisa amanzi atjhugululiweko enziwa umrhwamuko (anganawo ama-elements afana ne-copper) begodu ungasebenzisi itswayi eline-iodine, elifana nelidliwa emakhaya. Lokha nakukheniwa igaligi ngendlela ye-pickling, kuphakanyiswa bona kusetjenziswe itswayi le-Kosher ukwehlisa izinga lokutjhuguluka kombala wegaligi.
Amanzi aqinileko namanzi ane-chlorine enengi kufanele angasetjenziswa lokha nakukheniwa ngendlela ye-pickling.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana