Indlela le yokufuya iinkukhu ilungele khulu umkhiqizo wamaqanda kanye nenyama. Inengi lokukhuliswa kwazo liwela kilomkhakha, ekufaka hlangana i-Black Australorps, New Hampshire's kanye ne-White Leghorns.
Umhlobo weenkukhu ezibizwa nge-Australorp zisuselwa enarheni ye-Australia ngeminyaka we-1900s ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhethekileko yokuzikhulisa ebizwa nge-Black Orpington birds. Abantu be-Australia, bakghone ukutjhugulula umhlobo lo wekukhu ye-British nebegade ibonakala iyikuku ejayelekileko bayenza ikukhu edumileko neyerhwebo. Umhlobo wokuthoma wekukhu ye-Black Australorp yafika eSewula Afrika ngeminyaka we-1910s. I-Sewula Afrika iphuma phambili ekukhiqizeni zemibala yoke.
Zimhlobo weenkukhu ezilklhiqiza inyama ehle, kanye nomqude okhula ngokukarisako ongaba nobudisi obuyi-3,9 kg ukuya ku-4,7 kg begodu iinkhukhukazi zinesilinganiso sobudisi esingaba yi-3,7 kg ukuya ku-4,5 kg. Kuthiwa zimhlobo oqinileko begodu zibekela amaqanda aphuma phambili, angabalelwa kama-250 ngonyaka, wobukhulu obuhle, anombala ozotho okufipheleko.
Umhlobo obizwa nge-New Hampshire chicken zisuselwa ku-Rhode Island Reds begodu zamukeleke njengezizijameleko enarheni ye-America ngomnyaka we-1935. Ikukhu yokuthoma ngokuya ngehlangano ebizwa nge-South African Show Poultry Organisation, yafika eSewula Afrika ngomnyaka ka-1947.
Umhlobo lo wakhethelwa ukuthi ukhula msinya, nokuthi ukhula ngokwaneleko msinya, ubaneesiba kusesenesikhathi begodu ukhiqiza amaqanda amakhulu wombala ozotho. Imiqude ekhule ngokwaneleko ibanesilinganiso sobudisi esingaba yi-3,5 kg, kuthi isikhukhukazi sona sibalelwe ku-2,6 kg. Abanye babafuyi bathi umhlobo lo unamasotja ancono womzimba begodu lokho kuzenza zikhiqize amaqanda amanengi nebarhweba ngayo. Umhlobo obizwa nge-The White Leghorn ihlangana neenkukhu ezidala ezaziwa khulu babantu.
Zidabuka enarheni ye-Italy begodu begade zibizwa ngokuthi ma-“Italians” ukufikela ngomnyaka we-1865, ukusuka lapho zaphiwa igama elitjha elithi-Leghorns enarheni ye-America. Umhlobo lo we-Leghorn eSewula Afrika ezidabuka ngendlela yokungeniswa enarheni ngomnyaka we-1940s, ukusuka eenarheni ezifana ne-England, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand, United States kanye ne-Germany. Iinkukhwezi zikhhuliswe ngokuya kwesikhathi nangokobujamo be-Afrika neemfuneko zakhona.
Umhlobo obizwa nge-White Leghorns ngokwesintu zisetjenziselwa ukukhiqiza amaqanda begodu zisesehlangana nalezo ezidlala indima erhwebeni lokubekelisa amaqanda. Imiqudazo inobukhulu bomzimba obungaba yi-3,5 kg nasele ikhule ngokwanelekos, kuthi iinkhukhukazi zibe yi-3 kg kilobu ubujamo.
Translated by Johannes Nkosinathi