Ukosiwa kokudla sisenzo semandulo; yindlela yokuthoma yokupheka nokubulunga ukudla okufana nenyama nefesi.
Iindlela zanamhlanjezi zokosa ukudla njengendlela yoku-prosesa ukudla zifaka hlangana ukumarineytha inyama ngaphambili kobana yosiwe, ukusebenzisa imihlobo ehlukahlukeno yeenkuni ezikatjiweko ukunikela umnambitheko ohlukahlukeneko, ukosa ukudla okufana namatjhizi nenmirorho kunye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-liquid smoke.
Kosiwa njani Ukudla
Ukosiwa ngomtjhso kokudla kwenziwa emthonjeni womtjhiso lapho kufakwe khona iinkuni nanyana amalahle. I-liquid smoke nayo ingasetjenziswa.
Ukosa kunikela umnambitheko ekudleni begodu kunomthelela omncani wokulonda njengombana kubangela ukoma engaphandleni lomkhiqizo wokudla. Ukuvikela ukoma okubangelwa kukoswa kokudla, ukudla esikhathini esinengi kuyamarineythiwa nofana kuliswe emvangweni we-savoury brine ngaphambili kobana kwenziwe ngendlela yokwenza yokosa. Ukungezelela ama-preservatives amancani atholakala lokha ukudla nakosiwako umkhiqizo ungaphekwa nofana uthelwe itswayi.
Ukosa okutjhisako kwenziwa emtjhisweni lapho amazinga womtjhiso akhutjhulwa khona ukuvumela ukuphekwa okupheleleko komkhiqizo. Iinkuni nanyana amalahle, afakwe emlilweni, abanga intuthu efaka umnambitheko ekudleni.
Ukosiwa kokudla yithekniki yokupheka ephuqikileko evumela ukosiwa kunye nokuphekwa kwenyama.
Imithetho eembalwa kufanele ilandelwe ukuvumela ukuphepha kokudla:
Kukudla okunganarhwaba kwaphela okufanele kosiwe. Ungosi inyama engakancibiliki kuhle njengombana lokhu kuzokurholela ekutheni amazinga womtjhiso wangaphakathi angafikeleli phezulu kuhle ngokwaneleko ukubulala ama-microbes ayingozi.
Faka ukudla okumarineythiweko esiqandisini ngasosoke isikhathi.
Sebenziza ama-thermometers ukulinganisa amazinga womtjhiso wamalahle kunye namazinga womtjhiso wenyama wangaphakathi.
Inyama yekomo neyefarigi kufanele ifike emazingeni womtjhiso wangaphakathi alingana ne-62℃ ubuncani, ifesi eyosiweko kufanele ifike ku-66℃ bese kuthi inyama yekukhu iphekwe emazingeni womtjhiso alingana ne-74℃ ubuncani. Ukosa kwaphela kunomthelela omncani wokulonda begodu ukudla okosiweko kufanele kuphathwe bekubulungwe njengeminye imikhiqizo ephekiweko.
Pholisa ukudla msinya ngemva kokukosa- iintoki ezikulu zenyama zidinga ukwenziwa iintokana ezincani-begodu bulunga ukudla okosiweko esiqandisini amalanga angaba mathathu ukuya kwamane.
Ifesi eyosiweko ikghadza hlanga ne-2-5°C.
Iinkuni Zokosa
Umhlobo weenkuni osetjenziswa ekoseni ukudla unikela amandla kunye nomnambitheko wokudla okosiwako. Iinkuni zemithi yeenthelo - amapiyere, ama-abhula, amaperegisi kunye neemmomori zinikela umnambitheko osudu begodu zidume khulu ekoseni inyama yekukhu kunye neyefesi.
Iinyama ezifana nenyama yefarigi kunye nenyama yennyamazana zikhipha umnambitheko omnandi lokha nazosiwe ngeenkuni ze-hickory, i-maple, i-pecan kunye nomuthi we-owuki. Kwesinye isikhathi iintjalo ezifana ne-rosemary nofana i-rooibos ziyafakwa ukunikela umnambitheko onjengesihlahla.
Thenga iinkuni eentolo ezithembekileko. Ungasebenzisi iinkuni ezilatjhiweko nofana ezipendiweko ezifana ne-pine, i-cypress nofana i-cedar. Iinkuni ezinetjhefu zifaka hlangana i-tamboti kunye ne-oleander. Iinkuni zomuthi wesithelo se-orchards singamumatha amakhemikhali.
I-Cold Smoking
I-cold smoking yokudla ifaka hlangana ukosa umkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuwupheka. Umkhiqizo esikhathini esinengi ufakwa emanzini anetswayi ngaphambili kobana wosiwe njengombana amanzi anetswayi anama-preservatives anomthelela omuhle kunokosa emazingeni womtjhiso aphasi.
I-cold smoking esikhathini esinengi yindlela yekwenza engezelelweko ebuthako (ihlukana ngama-awara ahlangana nayi-6 ukuya ku-24 efesini) ngamazinga womtjhiso ahlangana ne-30℃.
I-cold smoking ifanele itjhizi kodwana ingabuye isetjwenziswe ekoseni ifesi ukunikela iminambitheko yokosiwa emandongomanini, kugaligi, emafutheni we-olive, emaqandeni, ku-tofu kunye nemirorweni.
I-Liquid Smoke
I-liquid smoke mbala obovu ukuya kotjheli emanzini enziwe nge-condensate yeenkuni zokosa. Ukudla kungafakwa emanzini lawa nofana kuliswe kuzokumarineytha emanzini enetswayi amumethe i-liquid smoke. I-liquid smoke ingangezelelwa nakuma-dips wetjhizi, emafutheni kunye nemasosini. Abapheki abanye bayisebenzisa nakuma-cocktails nanyana emehlisweni lapho iminambitheko yokosiwa ihlangana kuhle netjhokoledi enzima nofana ye-caramel.
Iinzuzo ezimbili ze-liquid smoke kukobana umnambitheko wokosiwa ungalawulwa begodu umnambitheko loyo uzwakala khonokho.
Imikhiqizo Yokudla Eyosiweko
Iinnyama ezidumileko ezosiweko zifaka hlangana ama-ribs, inyama yekomo i-brisket, i-bacon, i-pastrami, i-kassler, i-gammon kunye nama-hams afana ne-Eisbein kunye ne-Black Forest ham.
Iimbonelo zamasoseji osiweko ma-bockwurst, chorizo, cabanossi, i-salami kunye ne-Vienna njengombana ifesi eyosiweko efana ne-trout, i-salmon, i-cod, i-herring, i-eel, i-haddock, i-catfish kunye nama-sardines nazo zidume khulu.
Okhunye ukudla okosiweko okufana namatjhizi, amandongomani, amafutha anomnambitheko wokosiwa kunye nemirorho egriliweko neyosiweko efana nama - corn-on-the-cob kunye namazambana kudume khulu.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana