Ukukhetha indawo ehle kuqakathekile ekufuyeni iimfesi ngehlelo lokusebenzisa amanzi afretjhi ekuthiwa yi-Freshwater fish farming. Abafuyi abatjha abafuya iimfesi bathoma ngokuthola isiqetjhana sendawo bese bafune isizo lokusekelwa ngeemali. Abanye banalo isekolo lemmali ebangalisebenzisa ukuthoma ukufuya iimfesi esele balifumene vane bafune indawo efaneleko. Nanoma kungayiphi indlela othoma ngayo, abafuyi abatjha abafuya iimfesi kufanele bakhethe indawo ehle enamanzi ukuze bathome ukwenza i-freshwater fish farming. Nasele indawo ehle ikhethiwe, izokwenza bona ukukhiqiza kubelula bekwenziwe ngemali encani. Ngaphandle kokukhetha indawo ehle, into eqakatheke khulu yindaba yamanzi wekhwalithi. Amafekthara aqakathekileko wekhwalithi yamanzi nawukhetha indawo ngilawa:
Izinga lomtjhiso wamanzi, amazinga aphasi naphezulu phakathi nonyaka.
Isilinganiso somoya wokuphefumula
Islinganiso se-amoniya (ammonia)
i-pH
Ukubonaka kwamanzi ekholomini
Ukuhlolwa okupheleleko kwekhwalithi yamanzi kufaka hlangana ukuhlola amanzi owahlolele ukubakhona kwama-heavy metals, esikhathini esinengi ayitjhefu eemfesini, kutjho uHenk Stander onguhlokokulu wamathekniki e-Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University.
Okudingekako Lokha Nawufuya iimfesi Ngehlelo nge-Freshwater Fish Farming
Okufunekako okwenza indawo ibe ngehle yokukhiqiza ngilokhu:
Idamu, nofana indawo lapho ekunentanka khona zeemfesi, kufanele ibeseduze ne-hatchery. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa isikhathi sokuthutha kuqinisekise bona iimfesi ezincani (ezibizwa ngama-fingerlings) zilethwa emanedeni wamakheyiji zisebujameni obuhle bepilo.
Zevikeleko eliphambili zizokwehlisa izinga lokwetjiwa kweemfesi nokumoroswa kwamanede wamakheyiji, iimpompo neentanka.
Ukutholakala lula kwamanzi.
Lokhu kwenza kubelula ukukhiphela iimfesi ezincani ngemakhejini, ematankeni nofana emadamini bekwenze nesiqiniseko sokobana ukudla kwemfesi kuphephile nakuthuthwako nensetjenziswa ziphephile nazingemanzini. Kwenza bona kuphephe bekubemsinya ukubamba iimfesi, okwenza isiqiniseko sokobana kukhiqizwa umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ehle.
Irwebo lapho ebalungiselela umkhiqizo weemfesi bazilungiselela ukuzithengisa kufanele libe seduze nedamu ukulonda i-cold chain ehlathululwa njengamazinga womtjhiso aphasi kusukela eplasini ukuya efektri kufikela esitolo. Ukulondoloza amazinga womtjhiso aphasi kwenza bona iimfesi zifike zifretjhe eentolo.
Ubuncani bokutjhinga kwedamu kufanele bulingane ne 8 m, kodwana amadamu atjhingela khulu abhedere. Nangabe amanede wamakheyiji alengela ngemanzini nga 5 m, kuhle bona kube nendawo eyaneleko hlangana naphasi kwamanede nangaphasi kwedamu. Lokhu kwehlisa izinga lokudla okuzala ngaphasi kwamakheyiji lokha iimfesi nazidlako, okunomthelela ekhwalithini yamanzi, kuhlathulula uHenk Stander.
Ukutjhinga okufanako bungasetjenzisa nehlelweni le-open dam farm system.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana