Tindzhawu ta Kahle ta Vufuwi bya Tihlamfpi eka mati yo Tenga

Ku hlawuriwa ka ndzhawu ya kahle swina nkoka swinene eka kuhumelela ka vufuwi bya tihlampfi/aquaculture (fish farming). Van’wamapurasi vantshwa va aquaculture vasungula hi xiphemu xa misava kutani vaya lava mpfuneto wa timali. Van’wana vangava na mpfuneto wa aquaculture lowungavaka kona kutani vasungula ku lava misava leyinga lulamela. Ndlela yin’wana na yin’wana leyinga sungulaka, van’wamapurasi vantshwa va aquaculture vafanele kusungula va hlawula ndzhawu ya kahle laha kukumekaka mati kuva vasungula vufuwi lebyi bya tihlampfi. Loko ndzhawu ya kahle yikumekile, swita olovisa vuhumelerisi naswona hi ndlela yo chipa swinene. Ehandle ka kuhlawula ndzhawu ya kahle, xa nkoka swinene i khwalithi ya mati. Swankoka eka khwalithi ya mati hi leswi landzelaka:

Mahiselo ya mati, mahiselo yale hansi nale henhla exikarhi ka lembe.
Ti levele ta moya
Levele ya Ammonia
pH
Kuvonakala e matini

Ndzavisiso wohelela wa khwalithi ya mati wukatsa kukamberiwa ka mati eka vukona bya timinerali, leswingana nghozi eka tihlampfi, kuya hi Henk Stander mininjhere nkulu wa swa vuthekiniki e Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University.

Swilaveko swa Mati yo Tenga ya Tindhzawa ta Vufuwi bya Tihlampfi

Swilaveko swantolovelo swa ndzhawu yakahle ya vuhumelerisi i:
Damu, kumbe ndzhawu leyingana mathangi yatihlampfi, yifanele kuva eku suhi nalaha ku kumiwaka tihlampfi. Leswi swita yisa ehansi nkarhi wotifambisa kutiyisisa leswaku tihlampfi letintsongo (fingerlings) tinga tisiwa eka baku tiri eka rihanyu ra kahle.

Nhlayiseko wa kahle wuta hunguta kuyiviwa ka tihlampfi xikan’we naku onhiwa ka mabaku, tipompo na mathangi.

Kukumeka ka mati ya kahle.
Leswi swi endla leswaku ku fambisiwa kahle ka swihlampfani kuya e mabakwini, mathangi kumbe damu xikan’we naku tiyisisa kufamba famba loku hlayisekeke ka tihlampfi xikan’we na switirhisiwa eka mati. Swita tlhela swi endla leswaku kuva na ntshovelo lowu hlayisekeke naswona wo hatlisa, ekuheteleleni, swita tiyisisa khwalithi yakahle ya tihlampfi.

Ndzhawu leyi ku lulamiseriwaka eka yona yifanele kuva ekusuhi swinene na damu leswaku kuta tiyisisiwa kutitimetiwa ka tihlampfi (low temperatures from the farm to the factory and then to the shop). Ku fikeleriwa ka leswi swita endla leswaku ku tisiwa tihlampfi ta xiyimo xa kahle.

Vuenti byale hansi bya damu byifanele kuva kwalomu ka 8 m, kambe madamu lawa yanga enta hiwona ya kahle swinene. Loko ti net cages ti cikinya kuringana 5 m hi vuenti e matini, swikahle swinene kuva na xipesi etshakwini ra net xikan’we na tshaku ra damu. Leswi swihunguta ku hlengeletana ka thyaka ehansi ka ti net cages, leswivaka na xiave eka khwalithi ya mati ya damu, ku hlamusela Henk Stander. Vuenti lebyi fanaka bya laveka eka madamu lawa ya pfulekeke yaku fuwela eka wona.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni