Ukulwisana Nokutlhayela kwe-Vitamin A
Ukutlhayela kwesakhamzimba (Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) kumraro oqalene neziko lezamaphilo eSewula Afrika. Irhubhululo lamva nje elibuthelela iimbalobalo i-National survey, iveze bonyana i-43.6% yabentwana abononyaka munye ukuya kemihlanu yobudala kanye ne-27% yabantu bengubo eminyakeni yokubeletha abentwana batlhagiswa ngiyo i-VAD. Isakhamzimba i-vitamin A siqakatheke khulu ekubeni nebonelo phambili elihle kanye nekuphenduleni kwamasotja avikela amalwelwe emzimbeni.Ukutlhogeka kwesakhamzimbesi i-vitamin A kumiphumela yokungadla ngokwaneleko ukudla okunothe ngesakha mzimbesi.
Ukudliwa kwesakha mzimbesi imirorho enothe ngazo efana namabhutata wombala welamune, kuliqhinga langomuso elikhuthazwe yi-Agricultural Research Council (ARC) ukuphungula ukutlhayelokhu.
Amabhutata wombala welamune la adlala indima ekulu ekudleni kweenkolweni.
Amabhutata a-Orentji - Yokuthola Amandla Emzimbeni kanye Nesitjalo
Amabhutata amthombo ophuma phambili onikela amandla, ngokuthi umumathe inani lezakhamzimba zama-vitamin C begodu lipha i-vitamin B kanye namaminerali, ama-magnesium, zinc kanye ne-iron edayethini yabantu. Apha isibalo esiphezulu sama-provitamin Angendlela ye-beta-carotene. Inengi lama-beta-carotene ajikiseka lokha nakabiliswako begodu indima edlalwa mabhutata a-orentji la ekuthuthukiseni ubujamo besakhamzimba i-vitamin A beqinisekise yi-South African Medical Research Council. Isitjalwesi sele sisetjenziswe ngepumelelo khulu njengama-provitamin A enarheni ye-Mozambique kanye ne-Uganda.I-ARC ithuthukise imihlobo eminengi yamabhutata a-orentji ngeminambitho ekarisako, umkhiqizo ophezulu kanye nowomileko omumethe isibalo esiphezulu sama-beta-carotene. Umhlobo i-BOPHELO imumethe 7700 µg/100 g yemirabhu ebilisiweko (nofana 640 µg/100 g) okufaka hlangana amafutha alingana ne-(RAE). I-100 g yencenye ebilisiweko yomhlobo wamabhutata lo upha iimfuneko zedayethi yeminyaka eminengi yobudala.
Ukwenziwa Komkhiqiso
Isitjalwesi asizwani nombethe, begodu lokhu kilimaza isikhathi sokutjalwa kwaso:Indawo
Ezinombethe ongasimnengi
Lapho kunombethe omnengi
Ezinganawo umbethe
Ezinezulu ebusika
Iinyanga Zokutjala
Phakathi kwakaSewula ukuyela kuNobayeni
Phakathi kukaSinyikhaba ukuyela kuNobayeni
ngoRhoboyi ukuyela kuNtaka
ngoSinyikhaba ukuyeka kuNobayeni
Abalimi bangasebenzisa iintjalo ezingawiko ukwenzela ukulula ukubakhona phakathi nonyaka ngokuthi batjale qobe nyanga ukusuka ngenyanga kaSewula ukuyela kuTjhirhweni ukukwenzela ukuvuna ukusuka ngenyangakaMhlolanja ukuyela kuRhoboyi enyakeni olandelako. Amabhutata atjalwa ngokuquntwa; okumasenthimitha amasumi amabili ukuya kamasumi amathathu ubude, atjalwa ngamathathu ukuya kamane ngaphasi kwehlabathi.
Isikhala phakathi kamareyi singaba yi-0,75 - 1 m kanye nereyi eliphakathi elipha isikhala esimasenthimitha amasumi amabili nahlanu ukuyeka kamasumi amathathu. Kuphakanyiswa ukutjalwa ngokuhlela kwamareyi njengombana lokho kukhulisa umkhiqizo othengisekako ovame ukungabi nokulimala okunengi ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
Vuna amabhutata ngemva kwesikhathi esizinyanga eziyi-4½ (endaweni ezifuthumeleko) ukuyela eenyangeni ezihlanu (eendaweni eziphole kuhle) ngemva kokutjalwa. Kukghona ukwenziwa imihlobohlobo yezinto ngawo ekufaka hlangana amatjhipsi, ijuzi kanye nama-doughnuts.
Ukuba khona Kweemfuneko Zokutjala
Iintokana zisabalaliswe ukusuka ebakhulisini bamabhutata i-Sweet Potato Vine Growers Association (SPVGA) abakhulisela amabhutata eemkhwameni (wama odara amanengi) nofana idlanzana (lama odara amancani). I-ARC isabalalise abatjali besithelwesi ngeentokana ezihlolelwe imithombo yamalwelwe, ukuqinisekisa bonyana atlhogonyelwe ngendlela ekungiyo ukwenzela ukuvimba amalwelwe kanye neentjhabalalisi ukuze kusabaliswe lawo asezingeni eliphezulu, anepilo nalungele ukukhiqiza.Abatjali besitjalwesi kulindeleke bonyana bakhambisane namazinga wokukhiqiza abekiweko. Ama-nursary blocks ahlala atjhejwe njalo begodu aphasiswe ngabasemthethweni be-ARC ngaphambi kokusabalalisa iintokana. Isibalo esiphezulu seentokana ze-ARC ezitja zesitjalwesi zingatholakala ukusuka ngenyanga kaRhoboyi ukuyela kuSihlabantangana.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana