Ukulwa Nokuntuleka kwe-Vitamin A
Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin A (VAD) yinkinga yempilo yomphakathi eNingizimu Afrika. Ucwaningo lwamuva lukazwelonke lubonise ukuthi izingane ezingu-43.6 ezineminyaka engu-1-5 ubudala kanye nabesifazane abangu-27% ngesikhathi sokubeletha bahlushwa yi-VAD.I-Vitamin A ibalulekile embonweni ovamile kanye nempendulo yomzimba (ukulwa nokutheleleka). Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin A kungenxa yokudla okunganele kokudla okunevithamini A.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemifino e-provitamin A ecebile njengama-potato ama-orange-fleshed, yisiqhinga sesikhathi eside esikhuthazwa yi-Agricultural Research Council (ARC) ukunciphisa lokhu okuntulekayo.
I-sweet-fleshed amazambane ama-sweet isisetshenziswa esiwusizo kakhulu sokudla esikoleni.
I-Sweet-Fleshed Amazambane - Njengezitshalo Ezinomsoco Ukukhula
Ibhatata pot inomthombo omuhle wamandla, kanti aqukethe amavithamini C amaningi futhi anikeze nevithamini B namaminerali B njenge magnesium, zinc kanye ne-iron ekudleni kwabantu. Ihlinzeka ngobuningi be-provitamin A ngendlela ye-beta-carotene. Iningi le-beta-carotene ligcinwa ngenkathi ubilisiwe futhi kusebenza kahle amazambane ama-orange-fleshed ukuze kuthuthukiswe isimo se-vitamin A esiye saboniswa yiSouth African Medical Research Council.Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwe ukungenelela okukhulu kwe-provitamin A eMozambique nase-Uganda ngenempumelelo enkulu I-ARC ikhiqize izinhlobo ze-orange-fleshed nge ukunambitheka okuthakazelisayo, isivuno esikhulu kanye nokuthungwa okomile okuqukethe okuningi kwe-beta-carotene.
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-BOPHELO kuqukethe izimpande eziphekiwe ezingu-7700 μg / 100 g (noma u-640 μg / 100 g) umsebenzi we-retinol ofanayo (RAE). Ingxenye eyi-100 g ebilisiwe yala mazambane ama-sweet-fleshed ahlinzekwa ngama-orange ahlinzeka ngemfuneko yokudla yamaqembu amaningi.
Imikhiqizo Osebenzisiwayo
Isitshalo sibhekene neqhwa, futhi lokhu kuthinta inkathi yokutshala:Indawo
Ukukhanya kuya kwiqhwa elitholile
Isithwathwa esinzima
Isithwathwa masingekho
Imvula ebusika
Izinyanga Zokutshala
Maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya kuDisemba
Maphakathi noNove kuya ekuqaleni kuDisemba
Agasti kufika kuMashi
Novemba kufika kuDisemba
Abalimi bangasebenzisa ukutshala okugxilile ekwandiseni ukutholakala phakathi nonyaka ngokutshala njalo ngenyanga kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJanuwari ukuze bavune kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuze ku-Agasti ngonyaka olandelayo. Amabhatata asungulwa nge-cuttings; ama-20-30 cm ubude, atshalwe ama-3-4 angaphansi komhlaba. Ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwemigqa kungaba ngu-0,75-1 m okubekwe eceleni okuphakathi kuka-25 kuya ku-30cm.
Ukutshala emagqumeni kunconywa ngoba kuzokwandisa isivuno esithengiswayo ngokulimala kancane kumazambane ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Ukuvuna kwe bhatata ngemuva kwezinyanga ezine-4 (izindawo ezifudumele) ezinyangeni ezingu-5 (izindawo ezilinganisiwe) emva kokutshala. Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ingenziwa njenge-chips, ijusi, ama-donuts.
Ukutholakala Kwezinto Zokutshala
Akunquma asakazwa kusukela kubalimi be-Sweet Vine Growers Association (SPVGA) emasakeni (ama-oda amakhulu) noma izinqwaba (ama-oda amancane). I-ARC inikeza abalimi bomvini nge-cuttings yomthombo ovivinywe nezifo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo kwe-nursery block ngokwezifo nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ukuze kusakazwe ikhwalithi enhle, izicucu ezinempilo zokukhiqiza.Abalimi bomvini kudingeka bahambisane nokusetha amazinga wokukhiqiza. Amabhuloki e-nursery ahlolwe futhi avunywe yizikhulu ze-ARC ngaphambi kokusakazwa kungasakazwa. Izinqwaba zokusika kwezimila ezintsha ze-ARC zingatholakala kusukela ngo-Agasti kuze ku-Ephreli.Translated by Nsika Khoza