Ukuqala Ukufuya Izingulube
The profitability of the farm will depend on various factors, from feeding and management to the cost of land and electricity.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ukulima kwezingulube ukuze kusetshenziswe imali, abalimi kudingeka bathole imakethe yabo imakethe futhi balale izindleko zokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuya ebhizinisini.
Izindleko zezimali, umhlaba, indawo yokukhiqiza, ukondla, abasebenzi, imithi, ukuhlola izingulube, izinga lokukhula, inani lezingulube ezizalwe ngamalitha ngamunye, inani labanconywa abakhulisiwe ngodlame kanye nenani lokufa izici ezithonya izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Izindleko Zokuqala
Farmers could start small with a couple of sows and grow the business gradually as they become more skilled.
Ukuqala i-piggery yezokuhweba kusukela ekuqaleni noma ukuyithenga komunye umlimi kungaba umthwalo omkhulu wezezimali. I-South African Pork Producers Organisation (SAPPO) kuma-Pigs for Manufacturing manuals manual inikeza amathiphu alandelayo okugcina izindleko eziphansi: Abalimi bangaqala kancane kakhulu, nabancane kuphela abahlwanyelayo, njengenzuzo engenayo, okuzokwenza abalimi bakwazi funda ibhizinisi ngaphambi kokuthatha izingozi ezinkulu zezezimali.
Esikhundleni sokukhulisa nokwandisa epulazini, abalimi banganciphisa izindleko zokuqala kanye nezingozi zokukhiqiza ngokugxila kuphela kwingxenye ethize yokukhiqiza. Bangase bazalise futhi bakhulise isilimba kumchwepheshe wezolimo noma bathengise abanconyayo emasontweni ayisithupha kuya kweyishumi ubudala bese bephakamisa lokhu kuze kubulawe iminyaka.
Izindleko Zokudla
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Feed represents up to 80% of the cost of production in a piggery.
Ngokwencwadi kaDanie Visser's Modern Pig Production, izindleko zokudla zimelela u-70% kuya ku-80% wezindleko eziguquguqukayo zokukhiqiza emapulazini angamanje angaphandle. Abalimi banganciphisa izindleko zokudla ngokukhiqiza nokuxuba ukudla kwabo siqu noma ukutholakala kokudla okungabizi eduze kweyunithi yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, bangase bavele ngemikhiqizo ngemishini yokugaya noma i-feed pods emthini we-Prosopis noma ihlobisa izingulube.
Ukukhiqiza ukudla kwabo abalimi kuzodinga umhlaba okwanele ukwenza kanjalo futhi bacabangele izindleko zokukhiqiza kwalokhu, njengoba kungadinga ukukhiqizwa okubizayo nokuxuba imishini. Uma ukhiqiza ukondla kwamanye amafama noma amanye amabhizinisi, abalimi nabo kudingeka baqinisekise ukuthi ukudla kuhlanzekile futhi akuvezi izingozi zezempilo.
Kungasiza futhi ukukhuluma nesilwane sokudla okunomsoco noma isazi sokusiza ukuthuthukisa umbuso wokudla ngokusekelwe ezinsizakalweni ezitholakalayo nokubhekana nokuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco. Ama-pig angeke akhule kahle uma kuphela ukufinyelela kuma-acorns noma ama-prosopis pods.
Inani Lezilwane Ezithengiswayo
The number of piglets born per sow per year will have a huge impact on farm profitability.
Ukuhlomula kuzoxhomeke kakhulu kwinani lezilwane ezithengisiwe, okuzobe lithonywe inani lezingulube zanconywe ngetitter, inani labancancani elikhuliswe ngodlame ngalinye kanye nenani lezilwane ezifa ngaphambi kokuba zithengiswe. Inani lezingulube ezikhiqizwayo futhi lanconywa ngomhlwanyelo ngalunye luzoxhomeka ekuzalweni kwezingulube ezikhiqizwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingulube zidla kahle futhi izimo zokukhiqiza.
Ngokusho kwe-Modern Pig Production, ubukhulu bentitha ejwayelekile ngaphakathi kwindlela yokukhiqiza ejulile yizingulube ezingaba ngu-11 kuya kwezingu-12, nabakhiqizi abakhulu abakhulisa izingulube ezingaphezu kwezingama-28 ngonyaka ngamunye eNingizimu Afrika. Ukukhetha izinto zokubeletha ngokucophelela kungasiza ekukhuliseni kakhulu inani lezingulube ezikhiqizwayo kanye nokucutshungulwa ngamatitha kanye nesisindo sezingulube uma zizalwa.
Translated by Nsika Khoza
