Abavolontiya, ngokuvamile, banikeza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene kubantu. Inhlalakahle yethu ixhomeke kakhulu kwimvelo ehlukahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yabo. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, i-pollinators iqhuba futhi igcine impilo enhle yalezizinto eziphilayo.
Ukutshala impova ukudlulisa impova kusuka kwindoda kuya ezingxenyeni zezinsikazi zembali futhi kuzoholela ekwenzeni izithelo. Izithelo eziningi, izitshalo nezitshalo zithembele ezinambuzaneni, ikakhulukazi izinyosi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithelo noma imbewu isethelwe. Izinyosi zezinyosi, zibhekwa njengezidakamizwa ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke.
Ziyi-generalist pollinators, lokhu kusho ukuthi bavakashela izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zezimbali. Yini eyenza ukuba ikhetheke kakhulu kunezinye izinambuzane zokuphuza izinambuzane, ikhono labo lokuphathwa ngabafuyi bezinyosi. Ziyakwazi ukugcinwa emathunzini futhi zithuthele emibandela engcono yokusekela.
Inzuzo Yezinyosi
Kodwa yini ukuthi izinyosi zezinyosi zifaka isandla ekuziphatheni kwethu okwenza zibaluleke kangaka? Futhi asinakukwazi yini ukuthola lezi zinzuzo kwezinye izinambuzane zezidakamizwa?
Eqinisweni, amaqiniso okucwaninga akhombisa lokhu okulandelayo: Izinyosi zisekela izitshalo zasendle ezisekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezendalo. Izinyosi yiqembu elibaluleke kunazo zonke lezivolontili, zivakashela ezingaphezu kwezingu-90% zezinhlobo zokulima ezingu-107 emhlabeni jikelele.
ENingizimu Afrika, izitshalo ezingaphezu kwezingu-50 zixhomeke ekutheni imfucuza yezinyosi. Ngakho-ke, izinyosi ziqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezinzalo nezithelo ezinokwethenjelwa ngokusebenzisa impova. Okuxhunyaniswe nalokhu, ukuthuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo kanye nekhwalithi ngokusebenzisa impova efanele. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinyosi zezinyosi ezentengiselwano zokuvuthwa kwemvelo kuthuthukisa izithelo, izithelo nezisindo.
Muva nje, kubonakala ukuthi izitshalo ezixhomeke empovini ziyimithombo eyinhloko yamacronutrients amaningi, kuhlanganise amavithamini A no-C, i-calcium, i-fluoride ne-folic acid 10. Izinyosi zokuvotela izinyosi eziningi zalezi zitshalo.
Izinyosi zifaka isandla, ngokungaqondile, ekudalweni kwamathuba emisebenzi kanye nasemisebenzini, kokubili ekufuyweni kwezinyosi kanye nasezingeni lokulima. Lokhu kunomthelela omkhulu ekuvikelekeni kokudla nokunciphisa ubuphofu.
Ukudayiswa koju kanye neminye imikhiqizo ehlobene nezinyosi (njenge propolis ne-bexx) kwenza isizukulwane semali engenayo. Izinyosi ziye zaboniswa ukugqugquzela nokugcina izindinganiso zendabuko namasiko. Isibonelo, uju unikeza izinzuzo zokwelapha ezihlobene kodwa ezingagcini kuma-anti-bacterial and diabetes agents.
Emazweni afana neChina, i-Egypt, iSpain neMexico, izinyosi zihlotshaniswa kakhulu nomqondo wefa, ubuciko, umculo kanye nezinye izinga lomphakathi. ENingizimu Afrika, ukuhlangana kwasekuqaleni kwezinyosi nezinyosi zezinyosi yizo zeSan Bushmen, zibonisa ubudlelwane bazo nezinyosi nobusi emadwaleni abo.
Amaqiniso Wezinyosi Zoju eNingizimu Afrika
Ngokuphathelene nezinsizakalo zokuvotela izinyoni ezinikezwa abakhiqizi bezinyosi, imboni yezithelo eziqhamukayo iyona eningi futhi ibhalwe kahle. Le mboni inenzuzo yonyaka engaphezulu kuka-R13 billion futhi yenza amathuba angaphezu kuka-180 000 emisebenzi (HORTGRO 2016).
Imali ephakanyisiwe yokuvotela i-pollination yi-Western Cape Bee Industry Association i-R802 ngo-2018, isuka ku-R745 ngo-2017 (i-WCBA 2018). Imikhiqizo ye-Honeybee kulinganiselwa ukuthi ibe esifundeni sika-R100 million (Allsopp, 2000). Umshini wezinyosi udala amathuba emisebenzi kubantu abangaphezu kuka-3000 (Umbiko we-NAMC 2008).
Translated by Nsika Khoza