Izinto zokusasaza imbewu yezityalo, ngokwesiqhelo, zizisa inzuzo eyahluka-hlukeneyo ebantwini. Impilo yethu ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiintlobo-ntlobo zeenkqubo zendalo kunye nimisebenzi yazo. Isikakhulu, izinto ezisasaza imbewu yezityalo ziqhuba kwaye zigcina impilo entle yezinkqubo zendalo.
Usasazo lwembewu yezityalo kukugqithiseka kwembewu isuka kwisityalo esiyinkunzi ukuya kwisityalo esiyimazi kwaye iziphumo iyakuba kukudala isiqhamo. Iziqhamo ezininzi, imbewu kunye namaqunube axhomekeke kwizinambuzane, ingakumbi iinyosi zobusi, ukuqinisekisa ukukhupha iziqhamo okanye imbewu.
Iinyosi zobusi, zithathwa njengesona sinambuzane sibalulekileyo sokusasaza imbewu yezityalo kwihlabathi liphela. Zezona zinto zokusasaza imbewu yezityalo eziqheliweyo, into ethetha ukuba zindwendwela izityalo ezininzi ezivelisa iziqhamo.
Enye into ezenza zibaluleke kakhulu kunezinye izinambuzane ezisasaza imbewu yezityalo, kukuba zinokufuyeka ngabafuyi bazo. Zingagcinwa kwizindlu zazo zide zisiwe nakwiindawo ezinesimo esingcono sokuzingela ukutya.
Inzuzo Esuka Kwiinyosi
Ingaba yintoni ehlomlwa ziiinyosi zobusi kwimpilo yethu ezenza zibaluleke kangaka? Futhi besingenakuyifumana lenzuzo kwezinye izilwanyana ezisasaza imbewu yezityalo? Ke, iziphumo zophando zenyani zithi: Iinyosi zikhulisa intlaninge yezityalo zasendle ezixhasa izityalo ezahluka-hlukeneyo kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo yendalo.
Inyosi zezona zisasazi zembewu yezityalo ezibalulekileyo, zindwendwela ngaphaya kwe – 90% yeentlobo yezityalo eziphambili ezingama – 107 zomhlaba. eMzantsi Afrika, ngaphaya kwezityalo eziyi 50 zixhomekeke kumsebenzi weenyosi wokusasaza imbewu yezityalo.
Kengoko, iinyosi ziqinisekisa ubukho bembewu kunye neziqhamo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ngenxa yokusasaza imbewu yezityalo. Okunxulumene noku, kukuba kuphuculwe isivuno esizokuphuma kunye nesimo ngokusasaza imbewu yezityalo ngokufanelekileyo.
Iinkcukacha zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweenyosi zobusi zoshishino ukuze kusasazwe imbewu yezityalo kuphucula iziqhamo ezithi ziphume, ukusinda okanye ubukhaphukhaphu bazo kunye nesimo esikuzo.
Ngalamaxa, kuyacaca ukuba izityalo ezixhomekeke kwizisasazi zembewu yezityalo ngumthombo obalulekileyo kakhulu wezakhamzimba, ukudibanisa izakhamzimba u-A kunye no C, i-(calcium), I (fluoride) kunye ne (folic acid 10). Iinyosi zisasaza imbewu yezityalo kakhulu kwezizityalo Iinyosi zincedisa, ngokungathanga ngqo, ekuveliseni amathuba omsebenzi kunye nengqesho, ekukhuliseni iinyosi kunye nokusebenza efama.
Eli ligalelo elikhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lokutya nasekupheliseni indlala. Intengiso yobusi kunye nezinye izinto ezenziwa ngobusi (njenge propolis kunye ne beeswax) zinceda ekudaleni ingeniso. Iinyosi zibonakaliswe kwakho zithengisa kwaye ziqhuba zombini iinkqubo zakudala kunye nenkcubeko.
Umzekelo, ubusi lukwasiphathela unyango ngokunxulumene nezinto ezilwa ukungunda kunye nezisebenzi zesifo seswekile. Kumazwe anjenge China, Egypt, Spain, kunye ne Mexico, iinyosi zidityaniswa kakhulu nenkcubeko yelizwe, ezobugcisa, umculo, kunye nonxulumano nentlalo. eMzantsi Afrika, indibano yokuqala yeenyosi zobusi kunye nabantu yileyo yaBathwa, baluchazile unxibelelwano neenyosi kunye nobusi kwimizobo yabo esematyeni.
Iinyani Ngoshishino lweenyosi Zobusi eMzantsi Afrika
Ngokuphathelene nomsebenzi wokusasaza imbewu yezityalo owenziwa ngabagcini beenyosi bewenzela abafuyi beenyosi, ishishini leziqhamo lelona kubhaliwe kakhulu ngalo. Elishishini linembuyekezo yonyaka engaphaya kwe R13 billion futhi luzisa amathuba omsebenzi angaphaya kwe 180 000 (HORTGRO 2016).
Intlawulo eyamkelekileyo yomsebenzi wokusasaza imbewu yezityalo eyabekwayo liqumrhu i (Western Cape Bee Industry Association) yi R802 ngomyaka ka 2018, yonyuke isuka kwi R745 ngomyaka ka 2017 (WCBA 2018).
Izinto eziphuma kubusi ziqikelelwa kwixabiso elimalunga ne R100 million (Allsopp, 2000). Ishishini leenyosi lidalalela abantu abangaphaya kwe 3000 amathuba omsebenzi (NAMC Report 2008).
Translated by Aviwe Damane