Igama elivamile: Ugalonci
Ugalonci wavela eMelika.
Incazelo Yesitshalo
Ugalonci yi-cucurbit elandelanayo noma emvini ephethe izithelo ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esingaba ngu-80 kuya ku-100 mm ububanzi. Lesi sitshalo sithwala izimbali zombili zesilisa nezesilisa kanye nezinambuzane eziyinhloko yizinyosi. Ngakho-ke kululeka ukutshala izimali ezinyosi noma eduze nemasimu. Inani lezinyosi enempilo liqinisekisa ukuthi impova enhle neyesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Lesi sitshalo sinommpompo ongagcina ufike ku-60 cm, nakuba iningi lezimpande lisezindaweni eziphezulu eziya ku-20 kuya ku-30 cm futhi yizimpande ezingezansi ezenza umsebenzi omkhulu ekuhlinzekeni amanzi nezakhi ezitshalweni futhi ekugcineni isithelo. Imbewu ifomu emgqeni ojikelezayo phakathi kwesithelo.Ukusetshenziswa
Ugalonci uyabiliswa futhi inyama ephuzi iyadliwa njengemifino. Babuye balinywa njengemifino yezingane futhi lezi zidliwa ngokuphelele.Izidingo Zomhlabathi Nokulungiselela
I-squash ye-gem idinga i-loam e-sandy ukuze ivule umhlabathi odla kahle. I-pH yenhlabathi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-6 no-7. Okuqukethwe okuphilayo kwenhlabathi kufanele kube ngaphezu kwesilinganiso. Ukwengeza umquba noma umquba emhlabathini kunconywa.Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulungisa indawo yokutshala umlimi kufanele athathe amasampula omhlabathi omele avela esigabeni esiphambene nendawo yokulima. Lezi zampula kumele zihlaziywe yi-laboratory ehloniphekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izidingo zomsoco zidinga izidingo zomhlabathi. Lapho ulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala kuhle ukukhulula iphrofayli yenhlabathi ngokukhipha inhlabathi ukuphuza ukuvinjelwa kwiphrofayli enhlabathini phansi kuka-600 mm kuya ku-800 mm. Lokhu kusiza emanzini omhlabathi futhi kuzoqinisekisa uhlelo lwempande enempilo.
Emasontweni angama-5 kuya ku-6 ngaphambi kokutshala izakhi ezidingekayo njengencomo yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi kufanele isetshenziswe. Lokhu kungaba yihlaya yokulungiswa kwe-pH noma umquba nama-super-phosphates. Ukufaka lokhu enhlabathini, ukulima lezi zitshalo ezingaphezulu kuka-450 mm. Lokhu futhi kuhluma ezitshalweni kanye nendawo yokuhlala ukhula emkhakheni, futhi ivumela izakhi kanye nendaba ephilayo ukuthi ihlale kuphrofayela.
Iviki ngaphambi kokutshala izakhi zokulandelela kanye nomanyolo ongaphambi kokutshala ungasetshenziswa endaweni yesitshalo bese u-disk usimele noma i-rotavator engxenyeni ephezulu ye-20 cm ukuze ulungiselele umhlaba wokutshala imbewu noma izithombo.
Ama-seedbeds adonswa futhi i-plastiki noma i-mulching ehlanganiswayo ihlelwe ukusiza ngokulawula ukhula nokulawulwa komswakama kwenhlabathi.
Isimo Sezulu
Ugalonci isitshalo sezulu esifudumele futhi eNingizimu Afrika iningi lihlwanyelwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Kungatshalwa unyaka wonke uma amazinga okushisa engabanda kakhulu futhi kungekho frost. Akulona ukumelana nesithwathwa. Ukuhluma kwembewu ye-squash iqala uma izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifika ku-16°C+ nakuba ukuhluma okunye kufanayo kwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lingasondele ku-20°C.Ukukhula okuphakeme kakhulu nokushisa kwama-fruiting kukhona phakathi kuka-20°C no-28°C. Lesi sitshalo sinokuhlakanipha kwamanzi futhi singalinywa ngaphansi kwezimo ezomile uma imvula ingaguquki. Izivuno ezinhle kakhulu zitholakala uma amazwe ephuziswa.
Izinhlobo
Kunezimbewu eziningi ezintsha ze-hybrid eziye zagqalwa futhi uma kunquma ukutshala imali ye-squash kungcono ukuthola iseluleko se-agronomist, isazi sezolimo noma isikhulu sesandiso sesifunda.Ezinye izinhlobo ezidumile yiGemini, Rolet noSmarag.Translated by Nsika Khoza