UNelson Mandela ukhululiwe
Ngo-1990 i-FW de Klerk yamemezela ukuthi amaqembu ezombusazwe aphikisiwe njenge-ANC nepolitiki, phakathi kwabo uNelson Mandela. Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwakhe, uNelson noWinnie Mandela bahlala noDesmond Tutu emzini wakhe e-Bishopscourt, eKapa.
I-Tutu yaqala ukusebenza ukubiza izigwegwe ezweni lonke futhi ukubeka izingalo ngamaqembu aphikisana nebandlululo kanye neqembu lesonto ukulahla ukuxhumana kwabo emphakathini. Ngesikhathi udlame iqala phakathi kweNkatha Freedom Party (I-IFP) ne-ANC ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lowo nyaka, uTutu wahamba ngendlela ehlelekile e-USA ukuze ahlanganyele nenkulumo noNelson Mandela, uFW de Klerk neqembu le-IFP, uMangosuthu Buthelezi, ezama ukuletha ukuthula.
Ngesikhathi lobudlova besakazeka waya ezinkampanini ezithintekayo ekusizeni izisulu. NgoNovemba wahlela inhlangano yabaholi bombandla kanye nabaholi bezemidlalo ukuba babakhuthaze ukuba basebenze ndawonye ukuqeda ukuthula. Ngalesi sikhathi UTutu wabulala impilo, okwaholela ekubeni athathe izinyanga eziyisithupha ze-sabbatical e-Atlanta, Georgia.
Sijabulele isizwe elabantu abahlukahlukene
Ekuthuthukiseni intando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1994, uTutu wajabula ngokulindela amaphupho akhe ezweni. Wavumela ubuso bakhe ukuthi kusetshenziswe emaphoyiseni campaign futhi lapho uNelson Mandela akhethwe khona umengameli owahlela ingxenye yenkolo yamakhosi akhe okuvulwa.
UTutu wagxila emcimbini wezinkolo eziningi ezibandakanya izingxenye zamaKristu, amaSulumane namaJuda. Wazise ngokugcwele umbono wabantu abahlala ndawonye ngokuvumelana. Wakha igama elithi "isizwe sobumnyama" elisetshenziselwa ukulandela ubandlululo eNingizimu Afrika ngenhliziyo yabantu bazo zonke izinhlanga, amasiko kanye nezinkolo ezithokozelayo, ngaphandle kokubekwe eceleni.
Ukuphatha i-TRC
Ngemuva kokubandlululwa, kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi umbuso uzobhekana nobudlova obwenziwe eminyakeni edlule. I-National Party ikhuthaza amasha amasha lapho i-ANC icela ukuba izibalo zombuso zibekwe icala ngenxa yobugebengu bazo. Ekugcineni, iKhomishini yeQiniso neXhumana (TRC) yasungulwa kanti uTutu wascelwa ukuba abe yisihlalo. Inhloso ye-TRC yayiyizingqinamba ngokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu okwenziwa ngamacembu asekela futhi aphikisana nobandlululo.
I-Tutu inezinyathelo ezintathu zokuphatha izigwegwe ezibekwa phambi kwakhe. Kwakuqukethe okulandelayo: Amaqembu amanga ngokugcwele ngokucaca ngokucacile imisebenzi yabo: isenzo sokuvuma. Amacala aphikisiwe anikezwe isinqumo somthetho ngokushushiswa: isenzo sokuthethelela. Amacala aphikisana nalabo abangenacala: isenzo sokubuyisela. UTutu wazizwa ngokujulile ngezindaba zokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu abesabekayo ababesilalelayo futhi wayevame ukunqoba emoyeni.
Ngenkathi izindaba zezobudlova nokuhlukumeza ezandleni ze-ANC zivela, leli qembu lisho ukuthi i-reputation yalo izoba yinkinga. Lifuna ukushintsha ingxenye ye-TRC umbiko wokugcina ukugwema ukulimala, kodwa uTutu akavumelanga. Waxwayisa ngokuxhaphazwa kwamandla athi, njengoba kwenzeka nakwamanye amazwe emhlabeni wonke, uhulumeni omusha wayengase abe ngumcindezeli njengomdala.
Ngo-1996 uTutu washiya umsebenzi wakhe njengoMbhishobhi omkhulu waseKapa ukuze akwazi ukubeka phambili emsebenzini wakhe kwi-TRC futhi ngonyaka ka-1998 wabeka umbiko we-TRC emihlanu eNelson Mandela emcimbini ePitoli. Waqaphela ukwehluleka kwe-TRC kodwa wajabula kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe.
Translated by Nsika Khoza
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