iIndlela zendalo zolawulo ziquka iintlobo ezininzi, kuquka I’pheromones’ izigxothi zinambuzane, nentshaba zendalo kunye ne ‘zingcolisi’ zendalo. Xa kukho uninzi lohlobo olunye lwesinambuzane, oko kuchaza okokuba ukulingana akukho. Inkumbi ingabonakala njengendlela yemveli echaza okokuba utshintsho lungenziwa ndawoni efama.
Ezizinambuzane zaziwa njenge ‘nkumbi’ ziye zibengamaxhoba wezinye izinambuzane eziluncedo kwaye kubalulekile ukukwazi ukukhusela, kuvunyelwe izinambuzane eziluncedo zande. Izityalo ezi tsala izinambuzane zi (Asteraceace) usapho lweentyatyambo (ezifana nentyatyambo isunflower), clover, common yarrow, (Achillea millefollium), buckwheat nezinye ezininzi.
Umzekelo wezinambuzane eziluncedo yi larva ye ladybird. Inesacholo, ifana nomsundululu onokwenza umonakalo ofanayo nowenziwa ziinkumbi nezinambuzane. Ilacewings zezo sapho lwe Neoroptera (usapho: Chrysopidae). Aphids zibalulekile kuhlobo lokutya, kodwa ezinye izinambuzane ezifana ne ntakumba, ‘thrips’, izinambuzane ezimhlophe nentethe zamagqabi kunye nezinambuzane zamaqanda ziyatyiwa.
Uhlobo ulu xhaphaza ii Aphids kwi ngqolowa yi hoverfly (Eupeodes corollae) le ke ngomva wayo otyheli namnyama efana nee nyosi okanye inyosi ezaziwa ngokuba zi ‘wasps’. Zikhona iinkampani ezivelisa zithengise izinambuzane eziluncedo ezifana ne ladybirds (Chilocorus nigritus kunye ne Cryptolaemus montrouzieri) nencukuthu ezifana neenyosi iAphytis lingnanensis kunye ne Coccidoxenoides perminutus).
Ezizinambuzane zithanda ukuhlala kumdiliya amangolwane kunye ne ‘red scales’. Okulandelayo ngamagqaba ntshintshi we zinambuzane eziqhelekileyo nokuba zingalawula njani ngendlela engenazo iikhemikhali.
iRed Spider Mite
Esisinambuzane sincinci kakhulu. Sinomnatha esiwujikelezisayo emazantsi wamagqabi kwaye ifunxa incindi kwizityalo. Iphila kamnandi kwindawo ezishushu kwaye ingalawulwa ngokogquma okanye ukufafaza amazantsi amagqabi ngamanzi.i-Aphids
Xuba amanzi negaqa lesepha (sunlight), lenze igwebu. Ungaze usebenzise isepha yokuvasa izitya engamanzi okanye nantoni na yokuvasa enekhemikhali, kodwa ke iSunlight liquid kukhuselekile ukuyisenzisa yona. Nxuza isiphontshi okanye ilaphu elincinci kulamanzi anesepha usule ngobunono i-aphids kwizityalo. Phinda kengoku oku kathathu, amatyeli amathathu ngemini. I-Ladybirds zizakutya i-aphids kwaye zihlala kwintyatyambo ze minqathe, fennel kunye ne coriander.Iimbovane Nemibungu
Ezizinambuzane azizityi izityalo kodwa ngamaxesha amaninzi zizo eziza ne aphids. Imibungu yona yeye linye usapho itya imithi, amaxolo, iingcambu zemithi, kunye fenitshala yendlu namaplanga aphantsi endlwini. Guba itshilisi eyomileyo ibengu mgubo ocolekileyo uyifafaze kwezindawo apho iimbovane zihamba hamba khona.Inyekevu
Iinyekevu zixakekile kwaye zitya ngobusuku. Zithanda iindawo ezipholileyo, ezifumileyo zizifihle ngapha kokhula. Gcina indawo yemveliso icocekile kumagqabi afileyo nobunye ubumdaka. Fafaza uthuthu okanye amaqokobhe amaqanda aingqonge izityalo, ugcine iinyekevu kude.
Amaqokobhe amaqanda atsolo ayayitshabalalisa imizimba yenyekevu e’thambileyo’ ityuwa iyazibulala iinyekevu nezinye izirhubuluzi ezi “thambileyo” iinkumbi, kodwa ityuwa eninzi ingehlisa ukuchuma komhlaba.
Iintshulube (Nematodes)
Inematodes zintshulube ezincinci ezilumayo ezifunxa amanzi okanye incindi kwingcambu zezityalo. Amaqanda azo enza amaqhuma kwingcambu, oku ke kwenza izityalo zingakhuli ngoku khawuleza.
Lamaqhuma angenza izityalo zife. Amaxolo, ugquba nesichumisi esingaxutywanga zivelisa iintwana ezitya ezintshulube. Intyatyambo edubula ehlotyeni eyaziwa ngokuba yi marigold ingatyalwa njengesityalo esingaphezulu njengoko iphuma amanzi athile kwingcambu ayinabungozi kwezintshulube.
Kufanele ivunwe ngexesha lokudubula ithanjiswe. Ulwamvila lwentsholongwane eyi Streptomyces itya indawo ethile emhlabeni ezifana nentshulube ne phylloxera kwaye isisiyobisi esivunyiweyo ukusetyenziswa ukulwa nezintshulube.
Iminyiki
Iminyiki itya izityalo ezisencinci ezise zantsi. Grumbisisa ngesandla sakho emhlabeni ujikeleze isityalo akusoze ungafumani umnyiki oziqothileyo, otyebileyo, onombala omdakana. Amaqokobhe amaqanda anga krobozwa asasazwe apha kwizithole ukugcina iminyiki kude. Isuphu yeminyiki ingenziwa ukunqamla iminyiki, bona indlela yogcina iinkumbi kude, kwaye ayixutywanga nanto.Amabhabhathane Ekhaphetshu Namanye Amabhabhathane
Amabhabhathane ekhaphetshu abeka amaqanda kumaxolo ekhaphetsu. Gcwalisa I kwizityalo ikawusi endala ngomxube womgubo we flawa (flour) kunye netyuwa uyishukumise kumagqabi ekhaphetshu.
Kufuneka ufake nje encinci ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kwamagqabi. Nqumla amagqabi etomato uwafake kulondawo ichaphazelekayo kwizityalo okanye uxube icetshana letyuwa kwi litha zamanzi ezimbini ufafaze ngayo.
Ooqongqothwane
Zama ukubasusa ooqongqothwane kwizityalo ngoku fafaza nge chilli okanye igalikhi (garlic). ‘Incindi ka qongqothwane’ ingasetyenziswa ukuukugxotha ooqongqothwane.Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie