uShaka Zulu
Ngomnyaka ka 1787, USenzangakhona, inkosi eselula yamaZulu (neyafumna igama layo komnye woonyana baka Malandela ababethanda ukuxabana), yazala unyana ngaphandle kwasemtshatweni, uShaka. Emva kokusebenza emkhosini ka Dingiswayo, nalapho wayephuma phambili njenge ngcaphephe yomkhosi nomphathi, uShaka waye wabayinkosi yamaZulu emva kokubhubha kuka tata wakhe. Ngelo xesha amaZulu ayeliqela elincinci elinabantu abamalunga nama 1,500.
uShaka wayezimisele ekwakhweni esi sizwe ekubeni sidlale indima enkulu kwezolawulo ne politiki yamazantsi elizwekazi lase Afrika. Kwiqaqobana lamadoda amaZulu awathi wakwazi ukuwadibanisa, uShaka wenza umkhosi.
Lo mkhosi wawuqeqesha kwisithuba seminyaka eli 12. Wawomelele ngeyona ndlela, kwaye ekuhambeni kwethuba wadibaniselana nemikhosi ezimeleyo ekufutshane. Ngokwenza oku, watshintsha ubukhosi bakhe obuncinci baba sisizwe samaZulu esinamandla nesinomkhosi owomeleleyo. Ngomnyaka ka 1828 uShaka wagetyengwa wabulawa ngabantakwabo adibene ngabo ngotata, uDingange kunye no Mhlangane.
Emva koku kruthana kwesi sibini naba xhasi baso, uDingane waphumelela ekuthatheni imikhala yolawulo lwesizwe samaZulu. uDingane wayedinga amava omkhosi kunye nawolawulo adingekayo ukugcina ubukhosi. Ngoko ke, umkhosi onamandla owawubunjwe nguShaka waqala ukuphasalaka. Iinkosi zaqala ukuqhezuka zaya kuzimela kwaye uDingane wayengenayo indlela yokubanyanzela ukuba babuye.
uDingane
Abaphambukelo abamhlophe babe sele beqala ukufika ngobuninzi kwelase Natal. Oku kongeza kwingxushu ngxushu eyayihleli ikhona ngalo maxesha. IVoortrekkers (amafama amabhulu ayengonelisekanga ayemfuduke kwelase Mpuma Koloni), zabona iinduli eziluhlaza njenge ndyebo yawo.
Bacela umhlaba ku Dingane ukuze bazinze balime kuwo. Ikumkani yamaZulu yaba noloyiko lokuba la mabhulu aza kuhamba amjikele, ambhukuqe nase bukhosini bakhe. Ngoko ke, waye wayalela ukuba kubulawe uPiet Retief nabo babehamba naye, nababethunywe ukuba beze kuthethana naye. Waphinda wathumela umkhosi wakhe ukuba uye kubulala abafazi babo abantwana babo, kunye nawo onke amadoda agade iinkampu zeVoortrekker.
Ezinkampu zazime kumgama othe qelele kwindawo ebizwa nge Bloukrans, kufutshane nendawo ebizwa nge Estcourt namhlanje. Abo bathi basinda, benza isifungo ku Thixo ukuba baza kuziphindezela. Baye benza nesithembiso sokwakha indlu yecawa ukuba bathe bawoyisa amaZulu. Ngomhla we 16 Disemba 1838 ngakumlambo iNcome River, nowaye wathiywa nge Blood River. Ukuziphindezela. Eneneni baye baziphindezela ngolunya kwaphalala igazi.
Inani lamakroti angaphaya kwama 3,000 abulawa emfazwen, logama inkokheli yeVoortrekker yaphuma nje ngomkrwelo. Olu loyiso lwabalihlazo kakhulu kwaye nokuzithemba kuka Dingane ngamandla akhe kophuka, ngokungenakuphinda kulungiseke. Kodwa ke, umkhosi wakhe woyisakala mpela ngethuba uMpande, umnakubo Dingane oseleyo, nowayesele ezifumanele umkhosi omkhulu nonamandla, wamhlasela kwinduli ye Maqongqo kufutshane nemida yase Swaziland.
Ekubeni uDingane oyisiwe njenge kumkani yamaZulu, yena neqaqobana labalandeli bazama ukubalekela eSwaziland, kodwa wabulawa ngaphambi kokuba afike apho. uMpande, noyeyona kumkani yaphatha ixesha elide kwimbali yamaZulu, yabanguye ongena esihlalweni sokukumkani emva kokubhubha kuka Dingane. Ubukumkani bamaZulu baye babuthathaka mpela ukuphatha kwake. Walawula esi sizwe ukusukela ngomnyaka ka 1840 de wabe uyalandulela eli ngomnyaka ka 1872.
uDingane wayembona ngathu akanabungozi, kwaye eba usisidenge, lo la Mpande. Yiyo lonto wabusindisa ubomi bakhe ngethuba eguzula wonke umntu onga ungalutshaba kwisikhundla sobukumkani. Kodwa ke, wazibonakalisa ukuba yinkokheli ekrelekrele nowadlala amacala omabini amaqhinga ezo politiko. Wayethobele abamelwane bakhe abamhlophe ababesele bezinze emazantsi eNatala ngakumlambo uThukela, logama ekwagcine ulawulo nokunyaniseka kwabalandeli bakhe ngasentla kwa lomlambo.
Emva kokusweleka kuka Dingane, unyana wakhe, uCetshwayo waba yikumkani entsha ngomnyaka ka 1872. Wayeyindoda enyanzelayo enamandla, kwaye wathi chu ukubuyisela umkhosi ofana nalowo wawuqeqeshwe ngu tatomkhulu wakhe, uShaka kwiminyaka engama 50 eyadlulayo. Oku kwe kwakhokelela ekubeni kubuye iqhayiya kwisizwe samaZulu, kunye nokukhanya kwendawo ekusingiswe kuyo.
Lo mkhosi wesizwe samaZulu usentla kwe Thukela waqalisa ukwenza uvalo kwabamhlophe ababesele bethe tshitshilili kwelase Natala. Amagosa ka Kumkanikazi uVictoria ayezimisele ukubona amaNgesi elawula kwilizwekazi le Afrika liphela, ukusuka eKoloni ukuya kwelase Cairo. Ulawulo lwesizwe samaZulu lwalubonwa njengesithintheli kulo mbono, imfazwe phakathu kwamaZulu nelizwe lase Ngilane yayisele izingeleza.
Yaqala imfazwe emva kokuba amaZulu engazange avume ukuthobela umthetho obekwe ngala maNgesi. Olona ngquzulwano lokuqala lwaluse Isandlwana ngomhla wama 21 Janwari 1879 ngethuba nalapho amaZulu azuza olona loyiso lukhulu amaNgesi ayekhe ahlangabezana nalo kwimbali ye colonialism. Le mfazwe yaphelela e Ulundi ngomhla wesi 4 Julayi kwangalonyaka ngethuba ikomkhulu lomkhosi ka Cetshwayo latshatyalaliswa kunye nomkhosi wakhe.
Ulawulo Olutsha Lwase Zululand
iColonial Office yathathela kuyo ulawulo lwe Zululanda yaze yabe sele inciphisa amandla endlu yobukumkani ngokuthi ihlula hlule amandla epolitiki phakathi kezindlu ezilu 13 zobukhosi. Oku kwakhokhelela kwimfazwe yobukhaya, ithube elide lengxushu-ngxushu kunye nokukhula kongenelelo lolawulo lwabantu abamhlophe base Natala kurhulumente wolawulo lwemicimbi yamaZulu.
Ngokufika kwe Union ngomnyaka ka 1910, kunye nolawulo lwabamhlophe kulo lonke eloMzantsi Afrika, laya liba mfiliba ikamva lokuphinda ilawule isizwe sayo ngokupheleleyo ikumkani yamaZulu. Isikhundla sonyana ka Cetshwayo, uDinizulu, kunye nomzukulwana wakhe sehla saba sese nkosi engena mandla angako.
Ngaphandle nje kokulawula indawana encinci eyayikade iyinxalenye yobukumkani bamaZulu. Urhulumente we Nationalist kwaba kungona abeka isizukulwana sika Cetshwayo, uCyprian, njenge Kumkani. Uphatha (inhlendla) izembe elikhethekileyo, kwaye uzimasa nemicimbi ebalulekileyo, efane noMhlanga. Lo mcimbi waqala ngomnyak ka 1984.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana