Ukwahlulwa ngeSini nange Minyaka
Ukwahlulwa ngesini nange minyaka kudala kwasetyenziswa njengophawu lwesikhundla kuluntu lwabaTswana. Ingakumbi ngesini: Amadoda namabhinqa ayesahlulwa, angahlali ndaweni nye emicimbini, kunye nakwezinye iindawo ezifana nasezi nkundleni kgotla), apho kwakuvumele amadoda kuphela.
Oonyana, babexatyisiwe, kwezinye iindawo basaxatyisiwe ukodlula iintombi. Kwaye umfazi ozala amantombazana odwa wayedla ngokucatshukelwa. Kwakusabelwana ngemisebenzi, imisebenzi ethile yayisahlulwa ngokwesini. Ibhinqa lomTswana kwakufuneka lithobele umthetho wendoda (utata walo, umnakwalo okanye umalume de libe kanti liyatshata. Nalapho lizakuthobela umyeni walo, umnakubo myeni okanye utatazala). Amabhinqa ayengavunyelwa kwiintlanganiso zepolitiki kunye nemicimbi yezenkolo.
Iminyaka nayo yayiyenye indlela yokwahlulwa. Njengazo zonke iintlanga zabantu, abantu bohlanga lwaba Tswana kwakufuneka bahlonele abo badala kunabo. Babenokubabiza ngo ‘tata (rra or ntate) okanye ‘mama (mme). Ukungawuthobeli lo mthetho kwabangela isohlwayo. Ukuhlonela abantu abadala kwaku ngapheleli nje kwabo bazalana nawe, koko kwakufanele kuhlonelwe wonke umntu welali.
Abantwana babesohlulwa ngokweminyaka: amasana ukuya kwaba neminyaka emibini (masea); 3 ukuya kwisi 8 (banyana); amakhwenkwe (basemane) kunye namantombazana 'basetsana' eminyaka esi 9 ukuya kwi 13; kunye na xa beneminyaka eli 14. Babe bizwa ngolu hlobo de bafikelele kwiminyaka ethile (magwane, majafela okanye maphatisi).
Amakhwenkwe akwinqanaba le maphatisi ayekade enxiba ngendlela ethile bacule neengoma baxhentse kwiindibano ezilungelana neminyaka yabo. Babe nenkululeko enintsi, ingakumbi kwimiba emayelane nezokhukho. Ngeli lixa babechitha ixesha elininzi besolusa iinkomo zootata babo. Amantombazana wona ayencedisa ekukheni amanzi emlanjeni, ekungqusheni/ekugubeni umbona, ekutshayeleni izindlu kunye nokugada abantwana abase bancinci.
Ulwaluko Ngamaqela
Ukubekwa kwiqela loontanga bakho kwakuphawula ukukhula (mophato). Imophato kwakulapho amakhwenkwe okanye amabhinqa antanga nye ayesoluswa ngaxesha nye. Ngokwesintu lamaqela ayekhethwa yinkosi rhoqo emva kweminyaka emine ukuya kwesixhenxe. Xa amantombazana okanye amakhwenkwe aselungelweni, aneminyaka emi 6 ukuya kwengama 20, ayesoluswa ngaxesha nye. Imophato yayisoloko ibanelungu losapho lwase bukhosini, nelaliye lamkelwe nje ngenkokheli.
Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ukwenziwa/ukukhethwa kwamaqela amakhwenkwe amaqela aza kwaluka ndawonye ayekhatshwa yimibhiyozo neminyadala yemicimbi eyaziwa njenge bogwera. Kwathi kuba yiminyaka yoo 1930s, le micimbi yabe sele inyamalele. Owona nobangela zii missionaries zamaKrestu.
Zaziyibona njenge zenzo ezingekho ngcwele, zaze zakhuthaza iinkosi ezi ‘hamba namaxesha’ ukuba ziyiyeke kwaye zingayivumeli. Eyona nto yayiqapheleka neyayihamba phambili koo bogwera yayikukoluswa kweqela lamakhwekwe aze ahlaliswe kwindawo ebucala esendle. Ngelithuba babekelwe bucala, abakhwetha babe bekwe kwiinzima ezilingene neminyaka yabo.
Babefundiswa nemithetho, amasiko nezithethe. Amantombazana nawo aye soluswa, kumcimbi (bojale) owawubanjelwa ekhaya. Lo mcimbi wawuquka ukuxhentsa kunye nentlobo ethile yoqhaqho (yayivamise ukuba sethangeni). Ulwaluko lwamantombazana nalo lwaluquka izohlwayo ezingqingqwa. Babenikwa nemiyalelo mayelana nezinto zaphakathi nekhaya, ezolimo, ezokhuko, kunye nendlela yokuziphatha ngethuba kutsitywa iziko namadoda.
Umcimbi ngamnye we mophatho wawunikwa igama yinkosi, ngethuba usaqala. Eli gama lali hambelana nesiganeko esisandula kuhla, okanye esimiyo, esifana neemvula okanye nembalela. Igama elithi mophato lasose lancamathela alabisatshintsha ukusukela ngoko. Umntu wayengabonwa njengomntu omdala kwaye waye ngavumelekanga ukutshata de kube kanti uyile kulwaluko/umcimbi we mophatho. Amalungu eliqela ayeba selungelweni lokusebenzi. Amadoda wona ayesilwa kunye nase mfazweni.
Babe kwangabahlobo abasondeleneyo abalinganayo. Kwakukho ukumanyana kunye kwaye ukuya abo bebe kwiqela elinye lo mophatho babehlala besondelene. Enye indlela yokubonisa intlonipho yayikukubizana ngamagama abawathiywe ngethuba beyokwaluka.
Amalungu weqela eloluke kunye ayelindeleka ukuba ahlonipho bonke abo baye kuqala kunabo, ze, ze bona bahlonitshwe ngabo baza/baye mva kunabo. Ukungakuthobeli oku kunye neminye imithetho ehambelana nolwaluko, kwakukhokelela ekusiweni ezinkundleni ezilawulwa ziinkokheli zamaqela olwaluko.
Ukukhula Kwemvuselelo
Nangona iimissionary zamaKrestu zenza iinzame zokuphelisa ulwaluko ekuqaleni kwe sentyuri yama 20, likhula minyaka le inani labakhwetha abaya kwaluka. Uhlanga lwama Tswana lumi kwelokuba la masiko awanakuphikiswa okanye atshatyalaliswe, kwaye nabezenkolo yobuKrestu sele bekwamkele oku.
Ulwaluko luphawu lokuzazi nokuzidla ngoBuntu ngendlela yokuba: Abantu bazibona njengaba Tswana ngokuthi balandele amasiko nezithethe zabaTswana. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu kwilizwekazi lonke e Afrika kukuba, ukuya esuthwini luphawu lokuba ngumAfrika ogqibeleleyo. Kwaye abantu abadala abangayanga kwaluka ababonwa njengama Afrika ‘okwenene’.
Eli siko lisenziwa ngendlela yakudala, kodwa kuhlala kukho izinto ezithile ezongezelelwayo ukuze lihambelane namaxesha ale mihla.