Abathengi be Nyama ye Bhokhwe

© Biswarup Ganguly

Isifundo sama French ‘Imeko, utshintsho nekamva leentengiso zebhokhwe kwihlabathi jikelele’ (October 2018) sifumanise okokuba inyama yebhokhwe eninzi idliwa ngqo ngabavelisi okanye kweli lomzantsi. Ngumyinge we 0.5% wenyama yebhokhwe ethi ithengiswe kumazwe angaphandle. Oku ke Kubeka imeko efanayo kweli lo Mzantsi Afrika.

Uphando Kubathengi Ngenyama ye Bhokhwe

Uphando kubathengi olenziwe yi Kalahari Kid Corporation lufumanise okokuba iqela labathengi abanengeniso encinane yemali amaxesha amaninzi abakwazi ukuthenga inyama yebhokhwe epheleleyo. Kuye kwagqitywa ke okokuba inyama yebhokhwe ithengiswe isikiwe kumaxabiso aphantsi, amalungu afana nentamo, namabele apakishwe ebhokisini ukuze athengiswe kwindawo ezithengisa ezitalatweni. Ulusu lusetyenziswa kakhulu kweze sintu kodwa luye lungafumaneki kwinyanga zasebusika.
Ngokwesifundo esenziwe yi ‘A Profile of the South African Goat Market Value Chain’ (2017) isebe Lezolimo, Amahlathi nee Ntlanzi lifumanise okokuba ngesiqhelo abona bathengi baninzi benyama yebhokhwe (Chevon) eMzantsi Afrika ngabantu abane ngeniso mali encinci. Inyama yebhokhwe bayisebenzisa mihla le ngenjongo yokufumana isondlo iprotein kwaye yaziwa ibalulekile kwimisitho yemitshato kunye nemingcwabo.

Abathengi Benyama ye Bhokhwe

iBhokhwe ityiwa kakhulu ngabantu benkolo ye Islam (Moslems) nama Hindu. I-India inelona nani liphezulu leebhokhwe kwihlabathi jikelele (35%) kwaye ama 95% webhokhwe zixhelwa e-India zityiwe kwakhona. Inyama yebhokhwe idlala indima enkulu ekutyeni kwama Hindu.
eMzantsi Afrika, inyama yebhokhwe ifumaneka kwindawo zama Muslim, Portuguese kunye nezilarha zama Taliyane kwaye ixhaphakile kwindawo ezihlala abantu base Kenya, Ghana, Nigeria Uganda kunye nakweminye imizi ekwimi mandla esemntla we Sandton, itsho Ikalahari Kid Corporation.ukunga khathali kwabathengi nendlela yokungacingi kakuhle ngencasa yenyama yebhokhwe iyalinciphisa inani labathengi bayo kuluntu oluthile, kunye nakuluntu olurhola imali ethile.

Ukutyiwa kwe Nyama ye Bhokhwe KwaZulu-Natal

©Clive Biggs
Iphondo lakwa Zulu Natal lelona phondo likhulu livelisa inyama ye bhokhwe eMzantsi Afrika. ibhokhwe zisetyenziswa ngama Muslim xa ebhiyozela ikrismesi yawo ebizwa nge Eid, imibhiyozo yama Hindu, nabaphambukeli base Bangladesh, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Ruanda, Congo, Cameroon kunye nase Nigeria. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ingamandla ekusetyenzisweni kwe nyama ye bhokhwe eKZN kukusetyenziswa kweebhokhwe ngama Zulu.
Iibhokhwe zisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yokunqula izinyanya nakwi ndlela yawo yesintu nakweze zimali. Uphando olwenziwe ngu Hilton Sanders we Indigenous Veld Goats of South Africa (IVG-SA) ifumanise okokuba KwaZulu Natal (KZN) ngapha kwama 850 000 we bhokhwe ziye zaxhelwa ngonyaka ka 2013.( Ingxelo manani idityaniswe ngokuthi kuthethwe nesebe leZolimo (Agriculture) kunye ne House of Traditional Leaders, Commercial Goat Farmers kunye nabathengi ikhutshwa nyaka lo, kodwa olu lwazi belungeka fumaneki olunxulumene nonyaka ka 2018).
Amanani wonyaka u2013 aquka iibhokhwe ezingama 400 000 ezihlatyiweyo ukubhiyozela ukuzalwa, 214 000 kwimingcwabo, 42 000 kwimitshato yesintu. Lamanani kulindeleke okokuba aphinda phindwe kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo ngebhokhwe ezingama 1,7 million ezifunekayo kweze sintu ngonyaka ka 2018 ukuya phambili.
Iibhokhwe ezofumaneka eKZN uninzi lwazo yi Mbuzi engaxutywanga (uhlobo lwebhokhwe yamandulo) kunye nezo zithe zadityaniswa nembuzi ngenzala. I- KZN ayikwazi ukwaneza imfuno zephondo, yiyo lonto iibhokhwe eziphilayo zithengwa kwamanye amaphondo kunye nase Namibia. Kulentengiso, iibhokhwe zithengiswa ngobude, hayi ngobunzima bazo, lilonke isilwanyana esingama 22 kg no 50 cm ubude (simela emagxeni) sizakubane xabiso eliphezulu kunebhokhwe engama 25kg kodwa ubude ngama 45 cm. iibhokhwe ezithengwe e-KZN ziye zibenexabiso eliphezulu kunexabiso lebhokhwe ethengwe naphina kweli loMzantsi Afrika.
Inkoliso yeebhokhwe ithengiselwa abo bazakuyisebenzisa ngqo (ngabathengisi, kwindawo zokurhola imali yesibonelelo okanye kwi renki yetekisi) kwaye yi 5% kuphela ethengiswa kwi lokishini (auctions).

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie