Tshitatisitiki tsha u Fuwa Notshi Afrika Tshipembe

©Dr Tlou Masehela
Sunflower is an allergenic plant and needs insects when flowering (especially honeybees) for seed production.
Profile ya u fuwa ṋotshi Afrika Tshipembe a i tou fhambana na ya manwe mashango. Zwine zwa vha fhasi ha 5% vha vha vha tshi langa shango ḽine dza vha dzi tshi khou fuwelwa kha ḽo hune vha ya kona u langa ṋotshi dzine dza swika 5%. Tshinwe tshifhiga vha ya ḓitika nga vhanwe vha langi vha shango, vho ḓiimisaho nga vhoṱhe kana vha maḓaka uri vha kone u tikedza mushumo wavho.
Zwa u fuwa ṋotshi Afrika Tshipembe zwi ya vha zwo fhungudzesa, fhedzi nga 2017 Afrika Tshipembe vho kona u bveledza 1 500 ton ya mutoli nga nwaha,yo vhambedzwa na 3000 ton minwaha ya 25 yo fhelaho, zwina vhuṱanzi uri mutoli une wa swika 3 000 tons ya yo vha I tshi ḓiswa i tshi khou bva China. Afrika Tshipembe a i thu vhuya ya ḓi wana i tshi khou isa kha manwe mashango.
Musi hu tshi vhambedzwa na kha manwe mashango a Southern Hemisphere countries, Afrika Tshipembe hu vha fhasi vhukuma kha u bveledza mutoli. Hu ya humbulelwa uri dzine dza swika 200 000 dzine dza langiwa kha ḽa Afrika Tshipembe ho vhambedzwa na Australia ine ya vha 650 000 na 450 000 ya New zealand. Chile na Argentina adzi tou vhesa fhasi kha Australia na NZ. Mashango oṱhe haya maṋa ndi one ane afha manwe mashango mutoli. Hune Argentina ya bveledza zwine zwa fhira 70 000 tons nga nwaha.

Mutshinyadzo une wa Swika 3 kha ḽa Afrika Tshipembe

Zwa Afrika Tshipembe zwa ufuwa ṋotshi zwi khou ṱangana na vhuthada nga 2017 nga mulandu wa zwithu zwiraru zwine zwa khou tshinyadza. Mathomoni avho 1990 vha Cape Bee (Apis mellifera capensis) vho kwama vha vunḓu ḽa Limpopo, hune vha African bee (Apis mellifera scuttelata) vho kona u iwana. Zwo no sumbedza zwithu zwine zwa sa vhe zwavhuḓi kha u fuwa ṋotshi vhubvaḓuvha. Tsha vhuvhili, nga 1997 vha ectoparasite, Varroa destructor, vho dzula kha ḽa Western Cape vha isa phanḓa na u phaḓalala u mona na shango.
Zwa vhuraru zwo ḓa nga murahu ha musi nyofho ya American foulbrood, tshitzhili tshine tsha vha uri tshi ya vhulaha tsha mutoli tsho mbo ḓi tumbulwa dubo lwa cape nga 2009. Zwitshili zwa hone zwi ya kona u phaḓalala, ubva kha vhunwe vhudzulo uya kha vhunwe na musi hu tshi khou shandukiswa zwishumiswa. Hu khou lavhelelwa uri vhu ḓo phaḓala haya na thungo dza vhubvaḓuvha nga murahu ha minwaha miṱanu i ḓaho nga 2022.

Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe