Listeria ndi Mini?

©Dr Jim Robinson
The bacteria that caused the Listeria outbreak in 2017/2018 in South Africa was never linked to pork. It was caused by contaminated human hands and packaging.
Ndi ngani Afrika Tshipembe ho tambula musi hu tshiṱaha vhulwadze ha listeria nga 2017/2018?
Listeria monocytogenes – naho zwi tshi pfala zwi tshi mangadzo na u tshuwisa - ndi tshitzhili tshine tsha vha uri tsho ḓoweleya tshine tsha vha tshi tshi kha zwipuka kana mala a vhathu zwi sina tsumbadwadze. Fhedzi i dzhiwa sa vhulwadze vhune ha vhulaya hune ho no kavha vhathu vhane vha swika 1000 ha vhulaha vhathu vhane vha swika 200, hune ha vha na vhana vhaṱuku, na vhathu vhahulwane vhane vha vha na minwaha ya 70 na u vhanga usa aluwa kha vhathu vhane vha vha vho kavhiwa.
Listeria i hone kha tshitshavha na hone zwo leluwa uri u iwane. Ivha yo hwaliwa nga maanḓa nga kholomo, nngu na mbudzi u fhira kha nguluvhe na mmbwa na vhathu yo ḓala fhethu hune ha rothola vhukuma.
ST6 strain ine yo wanala hu yone ine yavha na vhuḓifhinduleli nga 2017/2018 musi i tshi ṱaha ayo ngo vhuya ya wanala kha nguluvhe kha ḽa Afrika Tshipembe. Zwino ṋama ya hone yo vha i tshi khou ḽiwa nga maanḓa nga vhathu nahone vhulwadze ho kavha musi i tshi khou pakiwa nga vhathu hu sini kha ṋama.

Nḓila dza u Thivhela Listeria

©University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension
Wash hands every time you work with fresh meat.
Listeria monocytogenes unga i vhulaha nga u bika wa lafha nga mishonga ya ulwa na zwitzhili na dzi antibiotics. Arali dza vha dzi sa khou tshinyadza lwa minwaha minzhi kha shango ndi nga mini zwa zwino yo mbo ḓi ṱaha ya vho ḓivhiwa vhukuma? Ho vha hu u ṱanganiswa ha zwithu zwo fhambananaho zwine zwa thusa u vhona vhuvha hayo na u aluwa.
Hezwi hu vha ho katelwa:

ST6 yo vha ina khani i tshi khou vhanga dzi tsumba dwadze dzo vhalaho u tshi khou bva kha mushukhwane na u zwimba ha maluvhi.
Zwi ya leluwa uri i tshile na u aluwa i aluwe fhethu hune ha rothola u fana na kha zwikwatudzi zwa miḓini na hune ha rengiswa hone hune havha na zwithu zwa u rothola isa bvise muvhala une wa vhonala kana u vha na munukho kha zwibveledzwa.
Iya tshila kha biofilms (zwishumiswa zwisekene zwine zwa nga fhaṱela fhasi) kha dzi celle dzine dza vha uri dzo vhaisala zwitzhili zwi nga fhaṱa zwone zwine arali nyimelo i tshi khou tenda.
Vhulwadze huna u fhambana na tshifhinga tshilapfu tsha u alamela (maḓuvha a70) musi tsumbadwadze dzi saathu thoma. Uri u kone u tou vhonala uri u na yo na uri wo kavhiwa zwi ya konḓa vhukuma u vhonala.

Zwoṱhe hezwi zwi ya I tendela uri i kone u dzhena kha dzi ṋama dzine dza vha uri dzo vhewa na zwimela na dzi nḓuni dza u bikela. Arali hu sa kulumagiwi kana u shela zwithu zwine zwa pandela zwitzhili, zwitzhili zwine zwa vha uri zwi khou tshila zwi ya ḓala kha zwirothodzi, na fhethu hune ha fhisa na biofilms, zwa kona u fhirela kha zwinwe ubva kha vhaiti vha zwiḽiwa uya kha vharengi dzi nḓuni dzavho.

Nḓila dza u kona u Kulumaga

©Dr Jim Robinson
When working with raw meat it is best to use smooth cuttingboards as it is easier to clean.
Huna minwe milayo ine ya kona u thivhela u phaḓalala ha zwitzhili musi wo fara zwiḽiwa.

Munwe na munwe ono shuma nga zwanḓa, u a fanela u dzulela u ṱamba zwanḓa.
Zwishumiswa zwoṱhe zwa nḓuni ya u bikela zwi fanela u dzula zwi tshi khou kulumagiwa: nga tshifhinga tsha u ita zwiḽiwa kana u saathu thoma u ita zwiḽiwa.

U fanela u ambara dzi apron dzine dza vha na mivhala yo thanyaho vhoṱhe vhane vha fara zwiḽiwa.
U khatha mabodo zwi fanela u itwa nga zwishumiswa zwine zwa vha uri zwi ya suvhelela. U fanela u shavha thanda ngauri zwi ya konḓa u i kulumaga. A u fanela u shumisa tshithu tsha u khathela tshithihi, zwishumiswa zwa kitchen kana zwikhothina kha zwiḽiwa zwo omiswaho na zwine zwo bikiwa u songo thoma wa zwiṱanzwa nga mushonga wa u pandela zwitzhili.
Hu fanela u shimiswa ha u bikela hune havha uri ho tsireledzea. U fanela u zwihumbula uri u kulumaga ndi 90% kha u kona u vhulaha zwitzhili.
U fanela u wana zwithu zwa u phumula (‘lappies’). Ndi zwone zwithu zwihulwane zwine zwa lwiwa nazwo nga zwitzhili. Unga lumba wa shumisa maḓi a u fhisa kana zwishumiswa zwine wa ri u tshi fhedza u shumisa wa laṱa kha u phumula na u omisa zwishumiswa zwa kitchen.
Kitchen hu fanela u dzula ho naka u fana na zwibadela. Fhasi, dzi mbondo, maṱafula, mabini a u vhea zwithu, zwirothodzi na miṋango i fanela u dzula i tshi khou kulumagiwa.

Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe