"It takes grass to make grass" i motto lowu tirhisiwaka hi n’wamapurasi wa tihomu loyi anga bukuta masagwadi wale USA. U veke tihlo swinene eka nkoka wa vulawuri bya madyelo ku aka organic matter eka misava xikan’we naku hlayisa ndzhongho eka misava.
Madyelo lawa yanga hlayisiwa kahle ya hoxa xandla swinene eka kutiyisisa xikan’we na rihanyo ra ecosystems eka purasi leswi naswona swingana nkoka, vulawuri bya madyelo byi tiyisisa kuhumelela loku kunga kona loku kunga durhaka ku kufambisa eka ku byala madyelo.
Ehandle ka ku kunguhata lokunga ringanelangiki ku tiyisisa khwalithi xikan’we navuhumelerisi bya madyelo, swina nkoka ku tirhisa maendlelo ya vulawuri lawa yanga ringanela muxaka wa swibyariwa, swifuwo leswi faneleke ku phameriwa xikan’we na misava ya purasi, vukona bya mati xikan’we na maxelo.
Loko u kunguhata madyelo yantshwa kumbe ku ringeta thekinoloji yintshwa, sungula hi swintsongo ntsongo. Kungari hiku swita olova ku swilawula, kambe swinga chipa swinene naswona swa olova ku ndlandlamuxa/kuhunguta loko u vona mbuyelo.
Vulawuri Bya Nhova Eka Madyelo
Swina nkoka ku lawula nhova hinkarhi wobyala madyelo hikuva swimilani leswintsongo swichava nhova hikuva swita phikizanela mati, swakudya na miseve ya dyambu. Nakambe, nhova yofana na ragwort yingava na phoyizeni eka tihomu xikan’we na tihanci letidyaka eka madyelo lawa.
Kahle kahle, kutlhuma ka madyelo kufanele kuva kutlhume kuringana leswaku kungavi na nhova leyikulaka. Ku dyiwa ngopfu ka madyelo hi swifuwo swinga siya misava yiri erivaleni. Leswinga vangaka kumila ka nhova leswi endlaka leswaku ku hlohleteriwa kutsemeleriwa ka yona, loko swikoteka.
Tsundzuka leswaku nhova kungava kuri xikombiso xa mpfumaleko wa swakudya/kutala ka swakudya eka misava, xikombiso, mitsembyani ya fumaria leyi tsakelaka misava leyinga henhla hi potassium. Ndzavisiso wa misava kutiva nongonoko wo nonisa wunga pfuna swinene eka vulawuri bya nhova.
Nhova yinga lawuriwa hiku tirhisa tikhemikhali. Vulawuri bya nhova ya Broadleaf byi lava kucheriwa ka swidlaya switsotswana ko hlaya kumbe kuva swicheriwa exikarhi ka nguva. Ku cheriwa eka minkarhi yohambana e lembeni swinga lawula ku antswa nhova leyi milaka eka tinguva tohambana hambana ta lembe.
Vulawuri Bya Ntirhiso Wa Madyelo
Kunga dyiwi byasi byiza byi koma
Unga pfumeleli swifuwo kuva swidya eka madyelo lawa yahaku byariwaka yangase kulaka kumbe kutshamela kudya eka ndzhawu yin’we. Kuya hi swibyariwa, yima kufikela swimilani swiva eka 20 cm hiku leha. Swibyariwa swotala swa madyelo aswifanelanga kuva ku byisiwa swifuwo swiva ehansi ka 10 cm, eka mpimo wo ringana na xandla. Leswi swita endla leswaku kuva naku hatlisa kaku hluka ka swimilani. Tekela enhlokweni ku byisa swifuwo swoka swinga talangi – nhlayo yale hansi ya swifuwo eka madyelo. Leswi swingava ehansi tani hi homu yin’we ya nyama eka 3 wati hectares.
Cinca cinca madyelo
Tekela enhlokweni ku endlatinkamba letintsongo kupfumelela madyelo lawa yanga dyiwa kuva ya wisa kuringana ntsevu wa mavhiki. Cinca cinca swifuwo exikarhi ka tinkamba leti, swisusiwa loko madyelo yasungula ku hela.
Nonisa madyelo
Kuya hi ndzavisiso wa misava, swingava na nkoka swinene ku engetela swakudya emisaveni. Laha ti legumes titirhisiwile tani hi xiphemu xa nkatsakanyo wa swibyariwa swa madyelo, swingava na nkoka ku engetela nitrogen. Van’wamapurasi van’wana va harika madyelo yavona leswaku vata fayelela manyoro naku kota ku hangalasa hiku ringanela.
Kunguhata kutirhisiwa ka madyelo
Ku hundzisiwa ka madyelo kuya eka swibyariwa swina nkoka wa nkarhi. Leswi switaya hi leswi madyelo yangata tirhisiwa swona ekuheteleleni, e.g. hay kumbe silage xikan’we na nkatsakanyo wa swibyariwa; grass-legume xikan’we na xiyimo xa makulelo ya nkatsakanyo wa madyelo.
Hiku ringana ka nkoka wa nkarhi, iku vuya kusuka eka swibyariwa kuya eka madyelo. Kungava na madyelo yantshwa lawa ya endliwaka kumbe kunga byariwa swin’wana ke? Oversowing i maendlelo yaku byala eka madyelo yofana na clover eka madyelo lawa yangakona kunga rimiwangi kumbe ku kavanyetiwa ka misava kumbe kululamisiwa kati seedbed.
Eka maendlelo ya intercropping, madyelo yohambana hambana ya byariwa kun’we. Swibyariwa swin’wana switshoveriwa kuva silage, loko leswinga sala swipfumeleriwa kukula kuva swita tirhisiwa tani hi madyelo ya swifuwo.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni