Vuhlalu bya Ndzundza na Vutshila bya xiNdebele

Yina Ndhuma ya Vutshila

©Dr Peter Magubane

Rixaka ra Ndzundza ra maNdebele ritiveka swinene hikwalaho ka vutshila bya vona, makhaviselo yofana, maakekelo na mihlovo leyitirhisiwaka eka nkhaviso lowu endliwaka hi vamanana xikan’w na vuhlalu bya kona. Maendlelo ya angarhela swilo na ti simbulu tohambana hambana: kutirhisiwa swivumbeko swa geometry, xikan’we na swilo swantumbuluko kufana na mabilomu, tinyoka, swinyenyani na swihadyani leswintsongo.

Eka minkarhi ya manguva lawa, maletere ya miako, swipelupelu na swihaha mpfhuka swa tirhisiwa. Rixaka ra maNdebele ra khale ari tshembele eka swilo swa ntumbuluko ku endla mihlovo (nsiti, nkuma na vumba) eka ku endzla nkhaviso wa vona. Loko kuta fika vaxavisi va valungu, hambiswiritano, ava kota kufikelela tinxaka totala ta tipende ta mihlovo-hlovo, leti kunga tona titirhisiwaka na namuntlha.

Kuya hi ndzhavuko, vavasati vati nyika nkarhi waku endla vutshila bya vona kuya e makumu ka xixikana xikan’we na tinhweti ta xixika, loko nkarhi wo byala, wo hlakula xikan’we naku tshovela n’wahuva na mavele swiherile, naswona vava vari na nkarhi woringanela kuwu tirhisa.

Lowu kutlhela kuva wona nkarhi wa lembe laha varhungaka vuhlalu byotala, vatshame kun’we endyangu wa makaya ya vona, vatiphina hi vun’we bya vona na vavasati van’wana emakaya ya vona xikan’we naku orhela masana ya dyambu ra xixika. Ku rhunga vuhlalu, hambiswiritano, akungari migingiriko leyi ayi endliwa hi xixika ntsena, hikuva ayi endliwa nkarhi wihi na wihi loko vari na nkarhi hi ximumu na ximun’wana.

Nxanxamelo wa Leswi Mbariwaka

©Dr Peter Magubane

Lowu i nkarhi wa njhekanjhekisano kuva ku hlamuseriwa leswi ambariwaka hi vavasati va maNdebele kuva swifambisana na ntsakelo wati aesthetic kumbe kuri kunavela ka vavanuna va maNdebele kuva xiyimo xa kufuma ka vona tani hi vavanuna vavona ku vonaka eka leswi vavasati vavona vavaka va ambaries xiswona.

Nxanxamelo wa leswi va swiambalaka, leswi yaka emahlweni swisaseka endzhaku ka vukati xikan’we na malembe, leswi swingavaka swi saseke kutlula mintlawa leyi yotala. Iirholwana, vusenga bya nsimbi bya tisayizi letinga ringaneki byi ambariwa hi vamanana laha mavokweni, amilengeni, enhan’wini xikanwe nale khwirhini, naswona byina ndhuma swinene.

Eka minkarhi ya khale, loko kaya rakwe ri akiwile, wansati wa muNdebele ata ambala swingwavila swo endliwa hi koporo kumbe brass (iindzila) laha nhanwini. Leswi switshembiwa kuva swiri na matimba swinene ya xintu, hambi leswi kuva munhu aswi ambala nkarhi hinkwawo kungahariki leswi endliwaka masiku lawa. Hixitalo, vavasati lavakulu lava va ambalaka swingwavila leswi vaswisusa loko vaya exibedlhele, naswona aswaha vekeleki.

Kuya hi ndzhavuko wanuna hiyena a xavelaka nsati wa yena iindzila; loko a ambale swingwavila swotala leswi aswikomba leswaku nuna wayena una rifumo rotala. Lindzila yitekiwa hi wansati tani hi leswi swinwihlanganisaka na nuna wa yena xikan’we naku tshembeka eka nuna wayena. Uta susa swingwavila leswi ntsena loko nuna wayena a lovile. Exikarhi ka tinxaka ta Manala na Ndzundza, vanhwenyani vaambala swimbariwa leswi kusukela vahari vantsongo. Swimbariwa leswi swingana vuhlalu swi ambariwa enengeni, mavokweni nale nkolweni.

Eka malembe lawa, va ambala leswi vangi i (iinrhabi), leswi kunga swidzobyani swintsongo leswi khomanisiwaka na swale swisutini kutani swivekeriwa na vuhlalu, leswi funengetaka laha henhla ka mathanga. Loko vari eka xiteji xavu thugamama (adolescence), ematshanweni ya iinrhabi, va ambala isiphephetu, lexi kunga xiambalo xintsongo xa xivumbeko xa rectangle lexingana vuhlalu laha mahlweni. Endzhaku ka vukati, lexi xitekeriwa vundzhawu hi umaphotho, lexi kunga dzovo lerikulu ra mbuti, leri hixitalo rifikaka etinhlolweni ta milenge naswona xikhavisiwe kahle swinene hi vulhalu byobasa.

Hi siku ra mucato, wansati u ambala veil leyingana vuhlalu lebyi pfalaka xikandza xa yena xihelela. Hi ndzhavuko muhlovo wa vuhlalu awu fambelana na nkoka wokarhi, leswi kombaka switeji swakukula ka munhu evuton’wini, kusukela loko ari ricece kuya fika loko se ari mutswari.

Mpfanganyiso lowu wa mihlovo wu tlhela wu hlamusela matitwelo ya muendli wa swona: ntsako, kulangutela ntsako, ku rila, kumbe kupfumala ntshembo. Hiku cinca ka tindzhawu na minkarhi, leswi se aswaha kumeki hi xitalo. Vavanuna va maNdebele avaha tali ku ambala swilo leswi, handle ka loko kuri na mintirho yo phahla na yin’wana, loko va ambala leswi vanga nyikiwa swona hi vavasati vavona.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni