Nyama ya Mbuti: Swihlawulekisi na Maswekelo

Ku fuwa timbuti e Afrika Dzonga swilangute ngopfu eka vuhumelerisi bya nyama ya timbuti (tale kaya nati Boer goats), fibre (mohair kusuka eka Angora goats), switirhisiwa swo endliwa hi masi xikan’we na madzovo na cashmere. Eka leswi kufikela sweswi, hiswona swingale henhla swinene eka bindzu roka ringari ra ximfumo raku fuwa timbuti. Eka bindzu leri, timbuti ti xavisiwa tirikarhi ti hanya naswona ti dlayiwa eka tindzhawu letingariki ta ximfumo hi xikongomelo xa vupfumeri kumbe mintirho ya ndzhavuko.
Nyama ya mbuti yi endla kwalomu ka 60% eka nyama hinkwayo leyi dyiwaka yotshuka emisaveni hinkwayo. Ku tsakeriwa ka nyama ya mbuti swi vangiwa hi ndzhavuko na vupfumeri xikan’we na xiyimo xaku fikelela eka swatimali exikarhi ka vaaki, kuya hi vulavisisi lebyinga endliwa hi Alabama Cooperative Extension System ya va Alabama A&M xikan’we na Auburn Universities e tikweni ra USA vakume sweswo. Nyama ya mbuti yi tsakeiriwa swinene hi vatirhisi va Hispanic lava vatsakelaka khwalithi yale henhla ya nyama ya timbuti letintsongo xikan’we nale swihlaleni swa Caribbean kukatsa na tinxaka ta ma Muslimleti tsakelaka nyama kusuka eka timbuti letikulu xikan’we na swiphongo leswinga phawuriwangiki.
Cabrito i nyama ya swimbutani kusuka eka leswi mamisiwaka, hixitalo ti dlayiwe tahari tintsongo- exikarhi ka 4 na 8 wa mavhiki hi vukhale. Swirho hinkwaswo swa cabrito swa tirhisiwa, kukatsa na swale ndzeni kumbe nyama ya swirho. Nyama yakona ayi tsindziyelangi ngopfu naswona ya xawula eka vukhale lebyi. Cabrito i swakudya leswi tsakeriwaka ngopfu e Central nale South America.
Nyama kusuka eka timbuti letinga kula yitala kutirhisiwa eka swakudya leswi endliwaka hi nyama leyi kufana na ti sausages.

Swihlawulekisi swa Swakudya eka Nyama ya Mbuti

Nyama ya mbuti (chevon) yina ndhuma hikuva yile hansi swinene hi mafurha naswona ayina nantswo wa nyama yale nhoveni ya venison. Vanhu votala vatsakela nyama ya mbuti leyinga yintsongo eka 12 wa tinhweti tani hileswi yinga tsindziyelangiki. Ku engetela kwalano, chevon yile hansi swinene himafurha kutlula nyama ya mpfundla, venison kumbe ya homu.
Mafurha lawa yanga eka nyama ya mbuti ya kwalomu ka 40% ehansi ka lawa yanga eka nyama ya huku leyingariki na nhlonge naswona kwalomu ka 50 - 60% e hansi hi mafurha kufana na ya homu leyi lulamisiweke, kambe yina ti protein leti fanaka.
Loko ku pimanyisiwa na huku (162) ya homu (179) nguluve (180) nyimpfu (175), nyama ya mbuti yina nhlayo yale hansi swinene yati calories - (122).

Khwalithi ya Nyama ya Mbuti Loko yi Dlayiwa

©Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension

Hikokwalaho ka swihlawulerisi swin’wana swa nyama ya mbuti (pH yalehenhla xikanwe yiva hansi hi glycolytic potential), swina nkoka swinene kutirhisa maendlelo yanwana ku antswisa khwalithi ya nyama ya mbuti. Xikombiso, kutirhisiwa ka gezi kuyi antswisa, ku hlwela kuyiyisa eka xigwitsirisi kusivela kuva yi hunguteka hikwalaho ka xirhami xikan’we naku antswisa ku tiyelela ka timayisele ta nyama.
Loko ntsumbu wa mbuti wu hatlisa kuva yi hoxiwa eka xigwitsirisi endzhaku kaku dlayiwa ka yona, yi hundzuka yintsongo, leswi endlaka leswaku timayisele ti vuyelelana. Leswi swi endla leswaku misiha yiva leyintsongo, kutani swienla leswaku nyama yi nonoha.
Swivilelo swa vatirhisi swaleswaku yiva yitsindziyerile kutani yitlhela yiva na tinjara swinga fambelanisiwa nakuva ku tirhisiwa maendlelo lawa tani hi xiphemu xa madlayelo eka ti abattoirs.

Ku Swekiwa ka Nyama ya Mbuti

Vulavisisi byale Amerika byi komba leswaku tidyondzo ta madyelo na maswekelo ya nyama leyi bya laveka swinene ku tlakusa ndhuma ya nyama ya mbuti. Hikokwalaho ka nhlayo ya mafurha lawa yanga e hansi, swa hlohleteriwa kuva nyama ya mbuti yiswekiwa eka mahiselo yale hansi. Kuva yi swekiwa eka mahiselo yale henhla swi endla leswaku yitsindziyela leswinga endlaka leswaku yi hatlisa ku oma naswona yinga dyeki. Leswi swina nkoka swinene loko u lulamisa nyama kusuka eka timbuti letikulu swinene, xikombiso, timbuti ta Angora.
Tindlela ta maswekelo ya nyama tinga vuyerisa mihandzu yo hambana hambana kuya hi vukhale bya mbuti xikan’we na muxaka wa mbuti yoleyo. Elna van den Bergh loyi anga endla swikambelwana swa maswekelo yo enta ya nyama ya mbuti kusuka eka letikulu ta Angora kukatsa na letintsongo ta Boer u kume ku hambana eka nyama; nyama ya Angora, hambi leswi ayisuka eka swifuwo leswikulu, ayi dyeka swinene loko ku pimanyisiwa na nyama ya mbuti ya Boer.
Eka nyama leyisukaka eka swifuwo leswikulu laha maswekelo yononoka aya vuyerisa muthotho wa kahle swinene kutlula loko ku swekiwa hi kuhatlisa kufana naloko ku endliwa braai (ku oxiwa) kunene. Nyama leyi yitlhela yiva kahle swinene kutirhisiwa tani hi nyama yo gayiwa (minced meat) hikuva misiha yotsindziyela ya fayeleriwa loko yiri eku gayiweni.
Vutomi bya manguva lawa byi bizi ngopfu naswona kutshama kungari na nkarhi (na vuswikoti) waku tota marinate naku yi nghenisiwa exitofini leswaku yi swekiwa hiku nonoka tani hi xikombiso. Elna u tsundzuxa leswaku switirhisiwa leswi endliweke hi nyama ya mbuti swofana nati sosaties, sausage, dried sausage na leswinga cheriwa marinate swinga hlohletela vatirhisi kuva vatirhisa nyama ya mbuti e Afrika Dzonga.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni