Malbec

© Glenneis Kriel

Nhlamuselo

Malbec i madiriva lawa yatirhisiwaka ku endla tiwayeni totshuka. Yave kona endzhaku kaloko kutava kukatsiwe, Prunelard noir na Magdelaine noire des Charentes.

Ntumbuluko

Muxaka lowu wuvonaka onge wusukela e Cahors, France, naswona ayi byariwa ngopfu e dzongeni- vupela dyambu bya France khale ka malembe. Akuri na masimu yotala swinene ya yona kambe yavuye ya hlaseriwa hi ntungu wa Phylloxera exikarhi ka malembe ya 1875 kuya eka 1889, laha endzhaku kaswona masimu lawa yanga vuya ya cinciwa kubyariwa lawa ya kondelelaka yo huma e Amerika.

Ndzhawu leyi nga ehansi ka Malbec yitlhele yi hlaseriwa nakambe hi gwitsi hilembe ra 1956, laha vabyari votala, handle kale Cahors, vanga vuya vayitshika vabyala leti atiri e fexenini to fana na Cabernet Sauvignon na Merlot. Malbec yivuye yikuma vutomi ravumbirhi etikweni ra Argentina ,loko Domingo Sarmiento, loyi hinkarhi walowo ari governor wa Mendoza laha endzhaku anga vuya ava President ya Argentina, se a thola French agronomist, Miguel Pouget ku tisa swimilani leswi kusuka e France. Sarmiento alava ku endla xiave xa wayeni e Argentina, lexi axita duma kufana na xale France.

Swimilani swa Malbec swifike rosungula e Argentina hi 1852, malembe nyana kungase fika ntungu wa phylloxera epidemic e tikweni ra France. Swimilani hinkwaswo leswinga tisiwa swivuye swinyamalala e France.

Loko France raha kayakaya ku humelerisa Malbec, madiriva yakote ku hanya eka maxelo lawa yohisa swinene ya Argentina leswinga endla leswaku tiko riva rona vahumelerisi nkulu wa wayeni yoleyo, laha ayinwiwa ntsena etikweni rero, kambe ekusunguleni ka malembe yava 2000s tiko rivuye risungula ku xavisela na matiko yanwana leswinga endla leswaku kuva na tindlela tinwana to antswisa wayeni leyi. Malbec yihetelele yiva yona wayeni yoduma yotshuka ya tiko leriya ra Argentina.

Mavito Yanwana

Malbec ayi tele ngopfu e tikweni ra Farnce eka malembe yale ndzhaku leswinga endla leswaku yiva na mavito yotala. Kambe lawa ya tivekaka ngopfu hilawa Auxerrois, Côt, Malbec, Noir de Pressac, Peid-Roughe na Pressac.

Vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga

Loko Malbec yaha rimiwa e Stellenbosch nale Paarl kusukela hiva 1920s, Yicheriwe e bodlheleni rosungula ekusunguleni kava 1990s, hiva Backsberg Estate Cellars, lavanga exikarhi ka Paarl na Stellenbosch.

Tindzhawu ta Vuhumelerisi

Ndhuma ya Malbec yilanguteka yirikukuleni laha Afrika Dzonga, laha tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi tinga eku kuleni kusuka eka 40 ha hiva 1990s kuya fika eka 450 ha hi 2016. Misinya leyi yikumeka eka tindzhawu hinkwato tavuhumelerisi ta laha tikweni laha Swartland, Paarl na Stellenbosch tingana tikota tinharhu ta vuhumelerisi.

Kukula

Nsinya lowu wukula swinene wutlhela wukokova nale hansi. Vuhumelerisi byi fika exikarhi ka 10 t/ha kuya eka 14 t/ha.

Ku Vupfa

Madiriva ya wona ya vupfa kusuka exikarhi ka nguva kusukela emakumu ya February.

Mihandzu

Mihandzu ya wona iya ntima, xirhendzevutani naswona aya kulangi ngopfu. Nhlonge yayona yilarile no tsindziyela kasi leswinga lendzeni swina mati yo tsokombela.

Matluka

©Glenneis Kriel
Matluka aya kulangi ngopfu, yana muhlovo wa rihlaza ro dzwihala, xirhendzevutani naswona yana swiave swimbirhi kumbe swinharhu.

Switsotswana na Mavabyi

Muxaka lowu wa nsinya wukarhatiwa ngopfu hi downy mildew.

Kutirhisiwa

Malbec yitirhisiwa ngopfu ku endla wayeni yokarhi, ku katsela muhlovo na nantswo wa mihandzu. Yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka ku endla tinxaka ta tiwayeni ta Bordeaux, xikan’we na letifanaka na Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet franc kumbe Petit Verdot.

Nantswo

Muxaka lowu wuna nantswo wa swipayisisi na nuhelo wofana na ti plums, blackberries, juniper, cherries na chocolate. Swilanguteka yikota kuhumelerisa nantswo wo dzika loko yiri eka xiyimo xoka xinga tiki xavuhumelerisi.Translated by Ike Ngobeni