Malbec

© Glenneis Kriel

Tlhaloso

Malbec ke veine terebe ya mefuta e e tsweletswang ya veine e khibidu. E ntshetswa go tswa mo go e e kgabaganyang magareng ga mefuta e e farologaneng ya bogologolo, Prunelard noir le Magdelaine noire des Charentes.

Tshimologo

Mefutafuta go bonala gore e simolotse kwa Cahors, Fora, le go itsiwe gantsi go nna diterebe tse di jetsweng go kgabaganya mo Borwabophirima jwa Fora ka nako ya Metlhagare. Bophara jwa mafelo a a ka fa tlase ga a farologaneng, le fa gontse jalo, e ne ya senngwa ka nako ya go runya ga Dinta tsa diterebe magareng ga 1875 go ya go 1889, morago ga gore ba di refose ka mefuta e e nang le momagano ya tlhago e e botoka go Amerika ya lerato la tlhago la semela sa medithola e e rometsweng go sireletsa kgatlhanong le dinta tsa diterebe.

Kgaolo e e ka fa tlase ga Malbec e itemogetse bothata bo bongwe ka nako e nngwe ya serame sa 1956 le ba le bantsi ba balemi, kwa ntle ga Cahors, ba e tlogela go bona fašhene ya mefuta e e farologaneng, jaaka Cabernet Sauvignon le Merlot. Malbec e ne ya newa botshelo jwa bobedi kwa Argentina, fa Domingo Sarmiento, yo ka nako eo e ne e le mmusisi wa Mendoza mme moragonyana a nna Poresidente ya Argentina, yo o hirileng, moitseanape wa tsa dimela wa Sefora Miguel Pouget go raopa dikalana tsa diterebe go tswa kwa Fora.

Sarmiento o ne a batla go aga indatsreri ya veine kwa Argentina, gore e ka tokafadiwe jaaka ya Sefora. Dikalana tsa Malbec di ne tsa goroga kwa Argentina ka 1852, mo dingwagasomeng tse di mmalwa tse di fa pele ga leroborobo la dinta tsa diterebe le tsoga kwa Fora. Ya maitirelo ye e dirilweng ka setshwano sa yona e e rileng e rometsweng teng, ka kobiso, e sale ya nyelela kwa Fora.

Fa Bafora ba ntse ba kgaratlhela go tsweletsa Malbec, terebe e ne e mela bontle mo tikologong ya maemobosa a a bolelo a Argentina ka ngwaga wa 1852 go nna tsweletso ya maemo a ntlha a tse di farologaneng.

Kwa tshimologong, bontsi jwa veine e nowa mo gae, fela kwa bogareng jwa 2000 naga e ne ya nna ditogamaano tsa go tokafatsa le go netefatsa boleng jwa kuno e e romelwang ntle. Malbec ka jalo e ne ya ya go nna tshaeno ya veine e khibidu ya Argentina.

Maina a Mangwe

Malbec go ne go bonala gore e tlwaelegile kwa Fora ka nako ya Metlhagare, ke gore jalo go na le makaelagongwe a go feta sekete a tlhamilweng ka ga yona. A a tlwaelegileng ke Auxerrois, Côt, Malbec, Noir de Pressac, Peid-Roughe le Pressac.

Tsweletso mo Aforika Borwa

Fa Malbec e ntse e jwalwa mo Stellenbosch le Paarl go tswa ka bo1920, e ne ya tsenngwa mo lebotlolong lwa ntlha jaaka tse e le nnye ya tse farologaneng mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1990, ke lefelo la go baa veine la Backsberg, le le mo gare ga Paarl le Stellenbosch.

Dikgaolong tsa Tshweletso

Go ratiwa ka teng ga Malbec go bonala go gola mo Aforika Borwa, le lefelo le le ka fa tlase ga tsweletso go tswa fela le le ka nnang diheketara tse 40 ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990 go ka nnang diheketara tse 450 ka 2016.

Diterebe di fitlhelwa mo dikgaolong tsa tsweletso tsotlhe tsa naga, le mo tikologong ya Swartland, Paarl le Stellenbosch di tsaya boikarabelo jwa jo bokana ka nngwe tharong ya kgaolo yotlhe e e ka fa tlase ga bokana jwa tsweletso.

Kgolo

E mela ka bontsi that ka tlwaelo ya go nama. Dipalogare tsa tsweletso tsa fa gare ga 10 t/ha ka go ya go 14 t/ha.

Go Butswa

Diterebe di butswa selemo bogareng, go tswa kwa bokhutlong jwa Tlhakole.

Borekhu

Borekhu jo bontsho, e nne potokwe ka bogolo jwa bogareng. Letlalo ke le sesane le go nna thata, le boteng jwa teng bo nne matute.

Matlhare

©Glenneis Kriel
Matlhare a bogolo jo bo magareng, mmala wa botala jwa go tsenelela, a potokwe le yotlhe go ya go loreto tharong.

Disenyi le Malwetse

Mefuta e e kgona go fenywa ke mokobo o o boleta.

Tiriso

Malbec e dirisiwa bogolo go tlhama le go tsenya diveine tsa go farologana kgotsa le mmala le bomatute mo metswakong. E e dirisiwang bogolo kwa mefuteng ya metswako ya kwa Bordeaux, mmogo le mefuta e e farologaneng, jaaka Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet franc kgotsa Petit Verdot.

Tatso

Mefuta e na le menko ya dikhanakhana tsa borekhu, jaaka diporeimi, borekhu jo bo ntsho, juniper, dicherrie le ditšhokolete tse botlha. Go lebega e ntsha meutlwano ye ye boteng ka fa tlase ga maemo a tsweletso ye ye boleta.Translated by Lawrence Ndou