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Xivumbeko xa Vredefort Dome

Xivumbeko lexiheleleke xa Vredefort Dome xiya emahlweni xi anama hi xivumbeko xa xirhendzevutani lexinga kwalomu ka 300km. Xi aname kusuka e Johannesburg e n’walungwini kuya evuhuma dyambu bya Welkom kuya edzongeni vupela dyambu. Laha ku ehleketeleriwaka kuva kuri kona exikarhi ka Dome leyi i xidorobani xa Vredefort.
Hambiswiritano World Heritage site, yi sirheleriwile hi core leyinga kwalomu ka 120km e dzongeni vupela dyambu bya Johannesburg, eti buweni ta nambu wa Vaal. ‘Dome Mountain Land’ leyi hiyona yingasala leyi tirhisiwaka kuyima exikarhi ka xirhengele xosungula. Laha, Archaean granite dome na maribye lawa yanga rhandzela y khukhuriwile ku endla minkova na maganga lawa hi wavonaka namuntlha leswi swinga vumba areka leyinga exikarhi ka Vredefort, Parys na Potchefstroom. Tindzhawu leti ta ximanguva lawa tile ka ndzelekano kambe ahi xiphemu xa core zone, leswaku ku hluvukisiwa ka madoroba swinga siveleleki hi milawu yo hlayisa mfuwo lowu.

Ndzilikani wa Core Zone

Ndzilikano wa core zone wulave kufambelana na mapatu yan’wana lawa ya hlanganisaka madoroba lawa yanharhu. Ndzilikano wale vuhuma dyambu i patu ra xikontiri ra Parys-Potch (R53). Kasi patu ra Schoemansdrift-Potch (yina xikontiri na gravel) rile tlhelo ra vupela dyambu. Patu ra gravel rifamba kusuka evuhuma dyambu kuya evupela dyambu (rivuriwa patu ra Schoemansdrift) leri hlanganisaka mapatu yambirhi ya Potch- kuya exifundzheni xa North West. Kasi hile dzongeni, kuna mapatu yohlaya ya gravel lawa ya endlaka xivumbeko xa half-moon hile tlhelo ra Free State. Hikwala ka core zone ya xibokisani kuna buffer zone ya 5 kilometers.
Exikarhi ka ndzhawu ya Dome kuna nambu wa Vaal (leswivulaka ‘tawny’ kumbe ‘dusty’), lowu khulukaka kusuka evuhumadyambu kuya evupela dyambu. Nambu wa Vaal hiwona kuya hi South African standards lowu phakelaka Joburg na tindzhawu ta vumaki tale kusuhi hi mati. Tindzhawu totala ta vumaki tile henhla kusuka eka Dome, e dorobeni ra Sasolburg, Vanderbijlpark na Vereeniging. TNambu wa Vaal wudumile swinene tani hi ndzhawu ya mintlangu yale matini, laha ku njoveriwaka tihlampfi, ku tluta swikepe, water skiing, kayaking xikanwe na water rafting. Damu ra Vaal, rile henhla kusuka e Vereeniging, narona i ndzhawu yakahle swinene yavuwiselo.

Ndzhawu yo Tsekatseka

Hikokwalaho ko kala ntshamiseko eka tindzhawu ta Dome Mountain Land, nkhuluko wa ntolovelo wa ku anama ka nambu wa Vaal wuphakela kuya hilaha maribye yanga voyama hakona. Leswi swiendla leswaku mati yatsutsuma swinene kuya eka swinambyana leswintsongo leswi hambanyisiwaka hi swihlala leswintsongo. Xihlala lexikulu eka hinkwaswo leswi xifika eka 150ha, naswona xina xivala ro tlangela golf ra 9-hole. Xihlala lexi xivuriwa, Golf Island, lexi hlanganisiwa na Parys hi xibilohani.
Xihlala xa Vaal xifuwile hi swiharhi, swimilani na tinyenyani. Ndzhawu leyi ayiri na mikhukhu yotala ngopfu ngopfu eka ndzhawu ya Parys laha swihlala swinga tala nakukula. Hinkarhi wa 2nd Anglo-Boer War, eswihlaleni leswi aku tumbela masocha lava ava pela nambu kutani vaya tumbela eka nhova leyinga tlhuma. Mhaka iku xihlala lexi akungari ndzhawu ya munhu lero un’wana na un’wana ata kumeka ari eka yona laha vale Orange Free State kumbe Transvaal vanga tshama.

Tlanga Kahle

Hi malembe yava 1800s, xiyimo lexi axi karhatiwa hi ti republic timbirhi, laha hinkwato ati vula leswaku i ndzhawu tayona. Kuve na kuphikizana hi xinawu kuringeta kukuma xintshunxo leswaku xihlala lexi ixa mani. Eku heteleleni, kuve na komiti yo hlawuleka, leyinga simekiwa leswaku kuta tiviwa leswaku xihlala lexi ixa vamani leswaku kuta nyikiwa vinyi va xona. Kahle kahle, swihlala aswinga pfumeleriwi kuva swi avanyisiwa hile xikarhi. Hi 1895, ku sayiniwe ‘Vaal River Island Treaty’. Va Transvaal ava kume 100 wa swihlala kasi Free State yikuma 90. Leswi hileswi hiswivitanaka ntwanano lowu kuburisaniweke kahle eka wona!
Namuntlha, nambu wa Vaal wuhundzuke ndzelekano exikarhi ka xifundzha na North West na Free State. Dome yikhumba swifundzha leswimbirhi naswona leswi swiendla leswaku switika swinene kuyi antswisa nakuva yitiviwa no xaviseka eka swavupfhumba. Kuya emahlweni, ndzhawu leyi ya Dome core yikatsa kutlula kwalomu ka 100 wa mapurasi ya vanhu xikan’we na ti masipala tohlaya. Kuna ntshembo waleswaku vanhu hinkwavo vata hoxa xandla eka kuhumelela ka Dome. Tiva leswaku, hambiswiritano, swikoka rinoko swa vupfhumba swa Dome swahari eka misava leyi yinga ya vanhu kungari mfumo naswona aku vhakeleki loko kungari na mpfumelelo wa n’winyi wa misava.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni