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Tshivhumbeo tsha Vredefort Dome

Tshivhumbeo tsho fhelelaho tsha Vredefort Dome tshi ya phanḓa kha vhupo hune ho ita tshitangaledzi hune havha na diameter ya 300 km. I tanḓavhuwela ubva Johannesburg hune havha north east kha Welkom kha ḽa south west. Hune ha tou vha vhukati ha Dome ndi kuḓorobo kuṱuku kune kwa vhidzwa upfi Vredefort.
Ipfi ḽine ḽa ri fhethu ha vhufa, naho zwo ralo ho dzula vhudzikini ho dzula kha 120 km south west ya Johannesburg, mathomoni amulambo wa Vaal. Heḽi ‘shango ḽine ḽa vha thavhani ya Dome’ ndi tshihumbudzi tsha u takuswa ha fhethu hune havha vhukati hune ho vha hu tshi dzulela uvha ho tou ralo kha ha mvelo.
Hafha vha Archaean granite dome na vho vha tingaho vha rembulisa matombo uri hu ite zwikwara zwine zwo sedzana na miedzi, zwe zwaita dzi akha dzine dza vha dza vhuḓi vhukati ha Vredefort, Parys na Potchefstroom. Hezwi zwithu zwi vhukati fhedzi azwi ho tshipiḓa tsha thikho ya shango, zwine zwa amba uri u bvelela ha ḓorobo a zwi nga si imiwe nga fhethu ha u tsireledza ha vhufa.

Zwo Tingeledzaho Fhethu ho Tikaho

Fhethu hune ho tingeledza thikho huya ya iwa nga nḓila nnzhi dzine dza ṱanganisa dorobo tharu. Huna ha u dzhena ha tshipembe ine yavha Parys-Potch tar road (R53). Nḓila ya Schoemansdrift-Potch (part tar-tshinwe tshipiḓa ndi mavu) tshi kha devhula. Nḓila ya mavu i gidima ubva tshipembe i tshi ya devhula (I vhidzwa upfi nḓila ya Schoemansdrift ) ine ya ṱanganyisa nḓila mbili Potch-ward dzine dza vha thungo ya North West Province. Na, vhukovhela, huna nḓila nnzhi dza mavu dzine dza ita nḓila yo no ya kha thungo ya Free State. Fhethu hune ha vha uri huya lingana hafha fhethu hune havha vhukati huna inwe nḓila ine ya vha kha 5 kilometers.
Uya vhukati ha ha vhupo ha Dome region hune mulambo wa Vaal wa gidima ngaho (zwine zwa amba uri huna mabuse) mulambo, uvha u tshi khou elela ubva devhula u tshi ya tshipembe. Vaal ndi hone fhethu hulwane ha u fara maḓi kha ḽa Afrika Tshipembe ya dovha ya thusa ufha vha Joburg na vha nga tsini maḓi. Vhunzhi ha zwithu zwine zwo hu tingeledza huvha hune zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou ita ubva Dome, kha ḓorobo ya Sasolburg, Vanderbijlpark na Vereeniging. Mulambo wa vaal uya ḓivhea vhukuma sa hune maḓi a guma hone, vhathu vha ya kona u fasha khovhe, sailing, water skiing, kayaking na zwinwe zwine zwa itwa nga vhatshena zwa maḓini. Damu ḽa Vaal, ḽine ḽa wana maḓi ubva Vereeniging, ndi hunwe fhethu hune ha ḓivhea vhukuma.

Turbulent Topography

Nga mulandu wa turbulent topography ya thavhani ya Dome, u tshimbila havhuḓi ha mulambo wa Vaal ho khakhiswa musi u tshi swika hune havha na matombo. Hezwi zwiita uri madi a gidimese abva zwipiḓa zwivhili, o fhambana ubva kha one aṋe nga dzi 100 dza zwi ṱangadzime zwiṱuku. Tshihulwanesa kha hezwi zwi ṱangadzime ndi 15ha, inwe ya vha ina milindi ya 9 ya golf. Hezwi zwi ṱangadzime zwa nga murahu, zwo ṱangana na Parys nga buroho ya vhuḓi vhukuma.
Tshiṱangadzime tshine tsha vha Vaal vhuima zwikepe hune havha huna zwipuka zwa u pfuma, zwimela na zwiṋoni. Hu ḓivha na fhethu hune ha dzula vhathu na zwinwe zwithu zwone zwa tamisa, nga maanḓa henefha tsini na Parys hune zwiṱangadzime zwa vha zwihulwane. Nga tshifhinga tsha nndwa ya vhuvhili ya mavhuru, hezwi zwi ṱangadzime zwo vha zwo laṱedzwa na uri vhathu vho vha vha tshi kona u dzhena vha dzumbama nga maḓaka. Hezwi zwithu zwo vha fhethu hune havha vhukati kha nndwa, ho vha hu tshi ṱangadzime tshine tshi sa vhe na muṋe watsho tsho vha tshi sa weli kha vha Orange Fre State na Transvaal.

U tamba zwavhudi

Nga murahu ha minwaha ya 1800, tshiimo hetshi tsho ḓo swika he tsha ṱoḓiwa nga mivhuso mivhili, vhane vhoṱhe vho vha vha tshi ri tshiṱangadzime tshi wela khavho. Ha vha na dzi nndwa nnzhi dza mulayo dza uri zwavhukuma tshiṱangadzime tshi wela kha vhonnyi. Zwo ri zwi tshi ḓa mafheleloni ha mbo ḓi tiwa komiti uri vha ye vha ṱole tshiṱangadzime tshinwe na tshinwe uri tshi wela kha vha fhio ubva hafho vha kona u fha vho teaho.
Nga nḓila yo teaho ahu ngo tendiwa uri tshiṱangadzime tshi fhandulwe tshi bve zwipiḓa zwivhili. Nga vho 1895, tshiṱangadzime tsha mulambo wa Vaal tsho mbo ḓi ganndiwa. Vha Transvaal vha wana maraga dza 100 vha Free State vha wana dza 90. Hezwo ndi zwone zwine nda zwi vhidza uri nyambedzano dza vhukuma!

Ṋamusi vha mulamboni wa Vaal vho ṱa mukaṋo vhukati ha vunḓu ḽa West Province na Free State Province. Vha Dome vha ṱhaṱhamula vhahulwane vha mavunḓu hezwi zwo ḓo ita uri mvelaphanḓa na u iḓivhisa kha vhanwe zwi konḓe vhukuma. Zwi tshii ya phanḓa, vha Dome vha katela na mabulasi ano swika 100 ane avha na vhaṋe. Ni fanela u dzhiela hezwi nnṱha, naho zwo ralo zwithu zwinzhi zwine zwa kunga hangei Dome ndi zwithu zwine zwa vha na vhaṋe, zwine a zwi tendelwi uya arali u songo thoma wa amba na vhaṋe vhazwo.

Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe