Biosecurity ya van’Wamapurasi Lavantsongo va Tinguluve

© National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff. Des Moines, IA USA.

Xana iyini Biosecurity?

Biosecurity i nhlanganelo wa maendlelo kumbe milawu yaku sivela kunghenisiwa ka mavabyi e purasini xikan’we na kuhangalaka ka mavabyi kumbe ti pathogens endzeni ka purasi.

Mavabyi ya Nghozi ya Tinguluve

Mavabyi lawa ya tlulelaka na ti parasites totala swinga hangalaka hiku hatlisa kusuka eka nguluve kuya eka yin’wana xukanwe naku suka eka nguluve kuya eka xifuwo xin’wana. African swine fever (ASF) xikan’we na foot and mouth disease (FMD) i swikombiso swa mavabyi lawa ya hlaselaka tinguluve swinene, lawa ya tisaka ku lahlekeriwa. Afrika Dzonga yina switsongwatsongwani leswi hi vumbirhi ka swona eka mintlhambi ya tiko, leswi tisaka kuvaviseka swinene eka timakete to xavisela matiko yale handle. Leswi aswita tlula mpimo loko ndzawulo ya vudokodela bya swifuwo ya mfumo a yinga nghenisi vulawuri eka swilo hinkwaswo swa biosecurity swa mfumo eka kufuyiwa ka tinguluve.
Kuna swipimelo eka Animal Health Act leswi lavaka leswaku vinyi va swifuwo vavika loko kutshuka kuve na nhlayo yikulu ya mafu ya swifuwo swa vona eka hofisi ya madokodela ya swifuwo yale kusuhi navona.

Xana Mavabyi ya Tinguluve ya Hangalakisa Kuyini?

©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff. Des Moines, IA USA.
Nhlaselo wa hangalaka kusuka eka xiharhi kuya eka xin’wana hi tindlela tohambana hambana, kambe hi xitalo hikuva swikhumbana kumbe kuva eka ndzhawu leyi hlaseriweke. Mavabyi nati pathogens swinga hangalaka hi swakudya kumbe ndzhawu leyi swifuwo switshamaka eka yona. Kambe hi minkarhi yotala ikuva ku hlangana swifuwo leswi vabyaka kumbe swinga fa, swi chulukaka kumbe ku khohlola, ku hentshemula, kumbe kuva eka ndzhawu yin’we kumbe ku nwa mati yan’we kumbe swakudya leswingana mavabyi.
Nhlaselo minkarhi yin’wana yingaya eka tindzhawu tale kule kumbe matiko hikwalaho ka kuxaviseriwa ka nyama na swiharhi leswi hanyaka.
Tsundzuka leswaku minhlaselo nati parasites yitala kuva hi minkarhi hinkwayo yihuma eka tinguluve tin’wana, vanhu, tintanghu, mimovha kumbe switsotswana.
Swivumbiwa swin’wana swihanya nkarhi woleha kutlula swin’wani, swin’wana swiherisiwa hiku hisa, mimirhi yo dlaya switsotswana kumbe ku swiomisa kambe swilava leswaku ku basisiwa hiku vuyelela kuringana kotala leswaku swita hela.

Ndlela yo Endla Maendlelo ya Biosecurity?

©Glenneis Kriel
Ku humelela ka maendlelo ya biosecurity swile mavokweni ya vafuwi va tinguluve lava twisisaka leswaku tinguluve tavona tinge hlaseriwi loko tinga hlangani na mintlhambi yin’wana ya tinguluve. Biosecurity eka mapurasi ya tinguluve yinga endliwa hindlela leyi landzelaka:

Aka darata.
Biyelela ndzhawu ya wena leswaku tinguluve tinga humi kumbe tinguluve tin’wana talekusuhi tinga koti kuva tinghena. Loko tinguluve ta wena tivekiwe eka muako, tiyisisa leswaku thyaka, mati lawa ya basisaka thyaka xikan’we na thyaka leri basisiwaka swihelela kwala ka ndzhawu ya wena ntsena. Tirhisa manyoro ya tinguluve xikan’we na swondlalela kuva u endla manyoro kwala endzeni ka jarata ra wena ra purasi.

Tiva laha tinguluve ta wena tihumaka kona.
Unga tisi tinguluve tintshwa leswaku tita tshama na tawena unga switivi leswaku tihuma kwihi. Loko tinga tin a mavabyi kumbe ti parasite, swinga endleka titan a swiphiqo swoka swinga tolovelekangi leswinga hambanaka swinene na leswi ungana swona. Vutisa Dokodela wa swifuwa wa mfumo kumbe mutivi wa swa rihanyu ra swifuwo (animal health technician) (AHT) ku kuma vuxokoxoko.

Susa vanhu ekusuhi na tinguluve ta wena.
Leswi swikatsa vaakelani, vayeni, vaxavisi, tibucari, vahlaleri na vatirhela mfumo. Munhu un’wana na un’wanaloyi angina xivangelo xa kahle kuva eka purasi kumbe kusuka eka purasi rin’we kuya eka rin’wana ufanele ku nyikiwa ti hovhorolo xikan’we na titntangu leti cukumetiwaka loko tiheta ku tirha (plastic overshoes are convenient and inexpensive) loko a nghena e purasini. Leswi swifanele ku cukumetiwa, endzhaku ko tirhisiwa e purasini. Vanhu votala vanga endla bindzu ra vona ekule swinene na purasi.

Mimovha leyi tirhisiwaka ku layicha tinguluve, ku chicha swakudya kumbe switirhisiwa swin’wana yinga endla sweswo hiku tirhisa ndzhawu yin’wana yo nghenisa hiyona kumbe ndzhawu yo chichela kona. Ndzhawu leyi yo layichela eka yona, yifanele kuva yi lehe kuringana leswaku movha wuta kota kufambisa tinguluve hilaha tifambaka kona endzeni.

Swakudya na Mirhi ya Tinguluve

©Courtesy of National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff.
Tinguluve tirhandza ngopfu swakudya naswona ati vileli leswaku tiphameriwa swakudya swanjhani, kambe titava tihanye kahle nakuva ti kula hiku hatlisa loko ti phameriwa swakudya leswinga lulamela tinguluve kusuka eka co-op kumbe vaxavisi va swakudya kuringana hafu ya xiphemu xa swakudya leswi tidyaka swona.
Loko vafuwi va tinguluve valava ku tiphamela ‘swill’ (left-over food, kitchen waste and food items past its ‘best before date’) kutani swipimelo swilava leswaku ‘swill’ yi virisiwa kuringana 60 wa timinete loko tinguluve tingase phameriwa. Aku fanelangi ku phameriwa masalela ya tinyama eka swakudya swa tinguluve.

Kuna mimirhi xikan’we na swin’wana swantlhavelo leswingava xiphemu xaku hlayisa tinguluve nkarhi hinkwawo naswona leswi swingava na mbuyelo wakahle swinene eka vuhumelerisi na rihanyu. Leswi switala kuva swidurha naswona swin’wana swilava ku hlawuriwa kumbe ku hlohleteriwa hi Dokodela wa swifuwo loyi angana vutivi byo antswa swinene eka ntlhambi wawena.

Laha unga Kumaka Vuxokoxoko bya Biosecurity?

Vuxokoxoko bya tinguluve byi tshama byirikarhi byi kumeka eka tindzawulo ta vutshunguri bya swifuwo, va Pig Veterinary Society, SA Pork Producers' Organisation (SAPPO) xikan’we nale ka tindzawulo ta vurimi eka xifundzha xin’wana na xin’wana.
Tiva leswi:
Vuxokoxoko lebyi i byo dyondzisa naku nyika vutivi ntsena naswona byingaka byinga tekiwi tani hi switsundzuxo swa vutshunguri. Vuxokoxoko lebyi abyi kongomisiwanga eka kuteka xiyimo xa switsundzuxo xa vutshunguri kumbe vutshunguri lebyi nyikiwaka hi dokodela wa swiharhi.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni