Kukhetsa titjalo tekudliwa kungacatululwa:
Simo selitulu kanye nesimo semhlabatsi
Bukhona bemanti
Tiphi tilwane noma inhlanganiso yetilwane letitosebentisa lendzawo
Kusetjentiswa kwekugcina kwalendzawo – njengekutsi, ngabe lendzawo itosetjentiswa njengelidlelo kuphela noma itowentiwa tigadla tetjani lobomile noma tigadla tekudla lokubekwe kuze kugucuke libala?
Titjalo teKudliwa eNingizimu Afrika
Ngekusho kweLitiko Letebungcongcoshe ngeKKudla lwe Licembu Lelicwalingako ngeteKulima (Agricultural Research Council-ARC), letitjalo tekudliwa tivame kusetjentiswa ekwenteni tigadla tetjani lobomile ngulotjani be weeping love grass (Eragrostis curvula) ne Eragrostis tef. Ekudleni lokwentiwe kwaba sigadla, ummbila nguwona usetjentiswa kakhulu, nomakunjalo, emabele nawo ayasetjentiswa.
Tjani lobatiwa kakhulu basehlobo tjani bentsambo (Anthephora pubescens), Tjani be Rhodes ne tjani belugalo. Tjani basebusika bufaka icock’s foot, ifescue lendze, ioats ne stooling rye.
Kudla kwetinhlavu kuluhla lwe ARC kufaka emabhontjisi edolichos ne stylo (njengetinhlavu letihlanyelwa-ehlobo) kanye netitjalo letimhlophe letincane temacembe, titjalo letincane letinemacembe laluhlata nemamedics njenge tinhlavu letihlanyelwa-ebusika.
Tjani lobuhlanganiswako-betindumbu letatiwako letinconywe yi ARC tjani betinhlavu tema Italian-sitjalo lesimhlophe lesincane lesinemacembe, emabele-icowpea noma emabele-emabhontjisi edolichos kanye vetch lenetinelwe-ioats lemnyama-inhlanganisela yeDaikon lebovu nalokumhlophe ngekhatsi.
Noma nguyiphi inkampani ingakhona kucwayisa ngenhlobo yesitjalo lekahle lengahlanyhelwa endzaweni yakho kunhlobo yemhlabatsi wakho. Cela kuboniswa indlela.
Tinhlobo Tetitjalo Tekudliwa
Titjalo tekudliwa tehlukene ngemacembu lamabili – tesimo lesishisako nalesibandzako kanye nekudla kwasetindzaweni letishisa kakhulu naletinelitulu leliningi.
Kudla kwasetindzaweni letishisa kakhulu naletinelitulu leliningi
Loku kudla kuhlanyelwa ngetikhatsi telitulu lasehlobo etindzaweni letiseNingizimu Afrika, kakahulu noma kutiphi timvula tasehlobo kusuka kunyanga yeMphala kuya kuyeNdlovana. Letitjalo atikhuli kahle ebusika ngemuva kwekugcina emanutrients etimphandzeni tato ngesikhatsi selikwindla, lokutenta kutsi tilungele kuhluma kabusha entfwasahlobo.
Sitjalo lesidliwako lesatiwako semnyaka yi teff (Eragrostis tef). iTeff, lekahle kakhulu ngekukhicita tigadla tetjani lobomile, ikhula kuwowonkhe umhlabatsi futsi ingakhokhwa ngaphansi kwetimo tendzawoleyomile. Ngekudla emabele kanye nendumbu lenetinhlavu letincane letiningi nako kuyatiwa.
Tjani bekudliwa lobutsatsa sikhatsi lesidze bufaka iSmuts finger grass (Digitaria eriantha), Tjani be Rhodes (Chloris gayana), iWeeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula), Paspalum ne tjani be Guinea levelelako (Panicum maximum), lephindze ibitwe ngetjani be buffalo lobumhlophe .Etindzaweni letomile kuncenye yeNingizimu Afrika, tjani bebuffalo leluhlata sasibhakabhaka butsatseleka melula. Etimvuleni letiphakeme, tindzawo letipholile noma letingaphansi kwekunisela, iKikuyi yenta kahle emihlabatsini levundzile.
Kudla kwetindumbu njengetitjalo tekudliwa tifaka emacembu lafana na Greenleaf desmodium, emabhontjisi latsatsa sikhatsi lesidze, siratro (ipurple bush-bean -emabhontjisi- lalukhwebeletana asesigangeni), istylo ne titjalo letinemacembe laluhlata.
Kudla kwe Simo lesibandzako nalesishisako
Loku kudla kwesimo lesipholile tinemndlandla futsi tiluhlata ngesikhatsi sasebusika futsi tingabalekela sitfwatfwa. Nawucatsanisa kuloko kwesikhatsi lesinekushisa kakhulu nelitulu, titjalo tesimo lesibandzako nalesishisako tivelela kakhulu, tinemanutrition phindze tinekugayeka lokuphakeme. Kugaya kusho kutsi silwane singatsatsa emanutrients langanani kulokudla.
Tibonelo tetjani besikhatsi-lesipholile yiWesterworld ne tjanibetinhlavu iItalian, tjanibetinhlavu lobutsatsa sikhatsi lesidze, ifescue lendze ne cock’s foot. Titjalo letincane letinemacembe – sitjalo se berseem, titjalo letimhlophe naletibovu – ngutona tindumbu letingahlanganiswa netjani besimo lesishiako nalesibandzako.
Kudla kwe Tindumbu
Kudla kwetindumbu – titjalo letincane letinemacembe, emabhontjisi kanye nema peas – titjalo lekutsi, emkhatsini wetimphawu tebudlelwane neligciwane le mhlabatsi lelibitwa ngekutsi yiRhizobium, lingasita ekunciphiseni initrogen emhlabatsini. Njengetitjalo letidliwako, letindumbu tivame kudzinga kufakwa manyolo longaphansana kunetjani.
Letindumbu tinetimphandze tangetulu letindze leticindzetela tishone phansi emhlabatsini kwentela kutfola bumantana phindze tinemacembe labanti noma lamakhulu. Ngekubuka ngalenye indlela, tjani bunetimphandze letishonako kanye nemacembe lancama lamandze. Tibonelo tetindumbu tesimo lesishisa kakhulu nalesinelitulu leliningi tifaka istylo nesitjalo lesinemacembe lamancane laluhlata, lesiphindze sibitwe nge alfalfa eUSA. Tibonelo tetindumbu letilungele kutimo telitulu letiningi sitjalo lesincane lesinemacembe lesibovu nalesimhlophe.
Sicela wati kutsi: Lwati lwekufundzisa kanye nenjongo yekwati kuphela futsi akukameli kutsatfwe njengesecwayiso sekupha kudla noma emanutriiton. Kutfola lwati loluningi ngekupha tilwane takho kanye nekuhlanyelwa kwetitjalo chumana nangcongcoshe wetekulima noma loniketa ngetinhlavu.
Translated by Phindile Malotana