I-agroecology yisayensi kanye nendlela zokulima begodu sele yenziwa ephasini loke.
Isisekelo se-Agroecology
Umthetho we-agroecology utjheje ukuthuthukisa ihlabathi evundileko begodu igcugcuzela abalimi kobana bafake izakhimzimba ehlabathini kunestjalweni. I-agroecology ihlonipha ilwazi lesintu kanye nelalapha ekhethu, ekulilwazi elizwelako begodu ilandela imithetho yenabuko yesitjhaba e-Iroquois, ekusitjhaba somhlobo wama-American. I-agroecology ivuma bona zolimo zitlhoga ukulungisa i-7th Generation Principle. Umthetho lo uqintela bona iimphetho esisenza namhlanje kufanele zirholele ekutheni iphasi libe nekusasaelihle. Umthetho lo ugcugcuzela ukwenza ihlabathi ngcono ngokugcugcuzela bona sitjheje ukuthuthuka kwehlabathi kunokwentjalo.
Iindlela zokukhiqiza i-agroecology zijame emithethweni we-ecology begodu zincophe ukunciphisa ukusetjenziswa kwemibono ethengwe ngaphandle.
I-agreology isebenzisa iindlela zokulima ezifana nokutjala imihlobo eyahlukeneko yentjalo, ukubamba iimfesi ngendlela yesintu kanye nokufuya ifuyo (kunokutjala imithi, ukufuya ifuyo kanye) nemfesi, ukufaka umanyoro ukwenza nokusebenzisa ikhompowusti, kanye nokusebenzisa imbewu yenarheni le kanye nefuyo yalapha.
I-Agroecology kanye Nozokulima
I-agroecology iphakamisa kobana amasentha wezolimo akhiqiza ukudla kwemvelo kodwana okungoni iinsetjenziswa. Zolimo zisebenza kuhle nazisebenza ngebhoduluko yenarha le. Iimbonelo ezilandelako zitjengisa ukwenza ngcono ihlabathi kanye nekhwalithi yentjalo ngokungezelela i-organic matter kanye ne-biodiversity, kunokulwa nemvelo ngokusebenzisa amakhemikhali.
Abalimi abasebenzisa i-agroecology bancophe ukwenza ngcono zepilo yehlabathi kanye nokuvunda kwayo, kungezelela umkhiqizo wokudla ngokuletha ukondleka okulinganisekileko, liqinisa iimaraga liziqinisela imikhiqizo yayo, lenza ngcono i-ecosysyem begodu lithethwe elwazini lakade kanye nemasikweni wakade.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Agroecology
I-agroecology akusiyibizo elivumbuluka mvanje – ingabonwa ku-literature yesayensi ukusukela eminyakeni yabo-920. Mvanje, i-agreocology, sele ingenele amaziko aphezulu wenarheni ezingaphetjheya kanye neze u-UN.
Kuthiwa i-agroecology ihlanganisa zepolotiki, zezehlalakuhle, zomnotho kanye nezamasiko. Ngambala, i-agroecology ithembekile ku-‘Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth,’ eyatlanywa ku-World People’s Conference yokutjhuguluka kobujamo bezulu ngonyaka ka-2010.
Ihlangano yokudla kanye nezolimo yenarha ye-United Nations (FAO) babamba amasemina we-agroecology ukurhelebha ukupha umhlahlandlela eenarheni ukutjhugulula isistimu yezolimo kobana ibe ngeyezolimo elithembekako enarheni ekulu. I-agroecology incophe ukuqeda indlala kanye neminye imincopho ye-United Nations.
Kuvele izinto ezilisumi ezilandelako ze-agroecology kusemina ye-FAO:
Ukuhlukahlukana
Ama-Synergies
Ukubanduleka
Resilience
Ukubuyekeza
Ukwenza nanyana ukutlama
Ukwabelana ngelwazi
Amagugu wobuntu nezehlalakuhle yabo
Urhulumende oziphendulelako
Circular and solidarity economy
Kunezinto eziyi-10 ze-agroecology ezihlangeneko nanyana ezizijameleko.
I-Agroecology eSewula Africa
Sele kutholwe kobana ephasini lapha i-agroecology iphumelele khona, urhulumende wakhona gade ayisekela. Isekelo lakarhulumende le-agroecology libenomphumela wezehlalakuhle eliqinileko ngokugcugcuzela urhulumende kobana abeke imithetho eyisekelako.
ESewula Africa kunedrafthi yesine yedokhumenti yekulumiswano yefihlo eyenziwa ngoMrhayilii wonyaka ka-2011 ehlanganisa zokulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali, umthetho wezokulima bgaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali sele usesigabeni sesi-12 sokutlolwa. Sele kutlanywe ihlangano yokulawula incenye yayo, ukungezelela kobana ilandela imithetho, ekusefela, kanye nokuziphendulela ekusekeleni ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali ebulungekileko, ikhiqizelwa umphakathi wenarha le kanye nenemaraga zangaphandle.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana